4. Suggest Ukrainian equivalents:

   • new advanced products;

   • to utilize limited resourcpes;

   • collective decision;

   • production alters swiftly;

   • unlimited and competing wants.

4. A) Read and translate the text in a written form:

Insurance of goods

The export trade is subject in many risks. Ships may sink or collide, consignments may be lost or damaged. All sensible businessmen now insure goods for the full value. The idea of insurance is to obtain indemnity in case of damage or loss.

Insurance is against risk. While the goods are in a warehouse, the insurance covers the risk of fire, burglary, etc. as soon as the goods are in transit they are insured against pilferage, damage by water, breakage or leakage. Other risks may also be covered. The insurance is better protected if the goods are insured against all risks. The goods may be also covered against general and particular average. In the insurance business the word “average” means “loss”. Particular average refers to risks affecting only one shipper’s consignment. General average refers to a loss incurred by one consignor but shared by all the other consignors who use the same vessel on the same voyage. Goods may be insured with many insurance which have appeared in Ukraine.

b) Answer the following questions:

1. Is the export trade subject to many risks?

2. What is the idea of insurance?

3. Against what risks are the goods insured as soon as they are in transit?

4. Where may goods be insured?

6. A) Turn the following sentences into the Passive Voice using the italicized words as the grammatical subject. Use a by-phrase where necessary:

1. Mr. Green will take care of everything. (by)

2. He was offended because they took no notice of him.

3. He was sure the pirates had hidden the treasure on the island. (by)

4. His parents give him no pocket money. (by)

5. The landlady will ask you no questions. (by)

b) Turn the following sentences into the Passive Voice where possible:

1. He wiped his face on the towel.

2. I have done the work unwillingly.

3. A man is waiting for Miss Ross downstairs.

4. Has anyone sent for Jean?

5. His wife is wearing a flowered dress.

6. I am afraid this will annoy him.

7. Don’t worry, they will look after the old man properly.

8. She will become an actress in two years.

c) Transform the sentences using Complex Object:

1. Last year our firm faced hard times. We didn’t want it.

2. Changes in the state of the economy have affected all types of business. They felt it.

3. He always intervenes in my business. I don’t like it.

4. He didn’t pursue our interests. We saw it.

5. Computers enable people to exchange documents quickly. They knew this fact.

6. Translate into English:

   1. Директор хотів би, щоб ви звітували про прибутки фірми за останні 6 місяців.

   2. Ми сподівалися, що він розгляне як пропозиція співпадає з попитом.

   3. Якщо ви бажаєте зрозуміти, як працює світ бізнесу, ви повинні будете зрозуміти всі економічні принципи.

   4. Рішення щодо цін та заробітної плати вже прийняте.

   5. Ми дізнались, якщо в економіці буде підйом, то фірми відчуватимуть високий рівень продажу та загальне процвітання.