- •Unit 1. Fundamental concepts of Magnetism & Electricity. Units of Electricity
- •Discussion Think of how electricity and magnetism work for us. Discuss the most useful properties of electricity and magnetism with a partner.
- •1. Which of the following statements are true about electric current? List all that apply.
- •2. Match the words on the left with their definitions on the right.
- •3. Fill in the blanks.
- •4. Find the following words in the diagram below.
- •6. Place the following words in the correct spaces on the diagram:
- •5. Fill in the blanks with appropriate word or phrases from the box.
- •6. Choose the best word from each pair in bold.
- •7. Translate into English.
- •1. Underline the correct verb form. Tick the sentence if both forms are possible.
- •2. Choose words from the box and make sentences using a verb in the present continuous.
- •Unit 2. Electricity. Electric Current Active vocabulary
- •ElectricIty
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •2. Change the Active to the Passive.
- •3. Fill the blanks with a verb from the box using its Past Participle (-ed, 3 f.) form. Use each verb only once.
- •Unit 3. Electric Circuits. Their types and applications. Active vocabulary
- •1. Decide which of the following statements are true about an electric circuit. List all that apply.
- •2. Decide whether the following statements are true or false:
- •3. Rearrange the letters to find the electric connection and match it to the pictures below.
- •3.____Cilia recruits ___________ 4.____Iconic Erupt ____________5.____ serial circuit ___________
- •4. Complete the sentences below with a correct word.
- •5. Complete the 1st column with appropriate words to indicate the way in which series and parallel circuits differ.
- •7. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Construct both a series circuit and a parallel circuit using the batteries, Series circuit
- •Draw your own diagram below that illustrates how Parallel Circuit
- •1. Complete the text with the present perfect or past simple form of the verb in brackets.
- •2. Tick the correct underlined verbs, and correct the verbs that are wrong.
- •3. Choose the phrase or sentence (a or b), which correctly continues the text or dialogue.
- •Unit 4. Circuit Components Active vocabulary
- •Circuit components
- •1. Translate into English.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Explain the following terms in your own words.
- •Unit 5. Transistor
- •Transistor
- •1.Answer the questions.
- •2. Give synonyms to the following words:
- •3. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Unit 6. Conductor
- •Conductor
- •Vacuum tube
- •Vacuum triode.
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •2. Decide whether the following statements are true or false in relation to the information in the text in task 1. If you think the statement is false, change to make it true.
1.Answer the questions.
What are the modern applications of transistors?
How did the quartz rock revolutionize electronics?
What are the names of contacts in a common transistor?
Which semiconductors are most commonly used in electronics?
What is the mechanism of amplification of electric current with transistor?
What types of transistors do you know?
Who and when invented the IC?
2. Give synonyms to the following words:
Gadget, complex (adjective), constituent, isolator, valve, adjacent, impedance, able to be changed, progress, input, quantity, substance, with five valences
3. Translate the following sentences into English.
1. Транзистор — це напівпровідниковий елемент електронної техніки, який дозволяє керувати струмом, що протікає через нього, за допомогою прикладеної до додаткового електрода напруги.
2. Транзистори є основними елементами сучасної електроніки. Зазвичай вони застосовуються в підсилювачах і логічних електронних схемах.
3. За будовою та принципом дії транзистори поділяють на два великі класи: біполярні транзистори й польові транзистори.
4. У біполярному транзисторі носії заряду рухаються від емітера через тонку базу до колектора.
5. База відділена від емітера й колектора p-n переходами.
6. Струм протікає через транзистор лише тоді, коли носії заряду постачаються з емітера в базу через p-n перехід.
7. В базі вони є неосновними носіями заряду й легко проникають через інший p-n перехід між базою й колектором, прискорюючись при цьому.
8. В самій базі носії заряду рухаються за рахунок дифузійного механізму, тож база повинна бути досить тонкою.
9. Управління струмом між емітером і колектором здійснюється зміною напруги між базою і емітером, від якої залежать умови постачання носіїв заряду в базу.
10. У польовому транзисторі струм протікає від витоку до стоку через канал під затвором. Прикладена до затвору напруга збільшує чи зменшує ширину області збіднення, а тим самим ширину каналу, контролюючи струм
11. Транзистор має два основні застосування: у якості підсилювачі у якості перемикача.
Unit 6. Conductor
Reading
Read and translate the text below.
Conductor
A conductor is a material which contains movable electric charges. In metallic conductors such as copper or aluminum, the movable charged particles are electrons. Positive charges may also be mobile, such as the cationic electrolyte(s) of a battery, or the mobile protons of the proton conductor of a fuel cell. Insulators are non-conducting materials with few mobile charges and which support only insignificant electric currents.
All conductors contain electrical charges, which will move when an electric potential difference (measured in volts) is applied across separate points on the material. This flow of charge (measured in amperes) is what is meant by electric current. In most materials, the direct current is proportional to the voltage (as determined by Ohm's law), provided the temperature remains constant and the material remains in the same shape and state.
Most familiar conductors are metallic. Copper is the most common material used for electrical wiring. Silver is the best conductor, but it is expensive. Because gold does not corrode, it is used for high-quality surface-to-surface contacts. However, there are also many non-metallic conductors, including graphite, solutions of salts, and all plasmas. There are even conductive polymers.
All non-superconducting materials offer some resistance and warm up when during electric currents. Proper design of an electrical conductor takes into account the temperature of the conductor as well as the value of electric current. The motion of charges creates an electromagnetic field around the conductor that exerts a mechanical radial squeezing force on the conductor. The current carrying capacity of a conductor is limited by its ability to dissipate heat. This effect is especially critical in printed circuits, where conductors are relatively small and close together, and inside an enclosure: the heat produced can melt the tracks.
Thermal and electrical conductivity often go together. For instance the sea of electrons causes most metals to act both as electrical and thermal conductors. However, some non-metallic materials are practical electrical conductors without being good thermal conductors.
UNIT 7. Vacuum tube
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Reading
Read the text below.