28. Secondary parts of the sentence

Noun modifier is a part of the sentence which refers to a noun or another word of nominal nature and expresses a state, a process. Can be used in preposition and in past-position. Eg.I saw a red car near my house. The people invited didn’t come.

The Object is a part of the sentence which usually denotes participants in the event different from the subject, occurs after transitive verbs and can become the subject in a passive structure.

The Complement is an obligatory constituent of the sentence which completes the predicate and which cannot become the subject in a passive construction.

The Attribute is a part of the sentence which refers to a noun or another word of nominal nature and expresses a state, a quality, evaluation, etc.

The Apposition is a peculiar attribute expressed by a noun or nominal phrase which refers to another noun or nominal phrase. The apposition may give another designation to, or description of, the person or non-person.

Types of OBJECT:

- Direct object-when the object join the V: He wrote the article.

Most of the transitive Vs are used in passive voice.

- Indirect object-the object which stands between the V and the direct object: He gave me a book.

- Prepositional object- the object which follows the direct object and it used with propositions: He gave a book to me.

The Vs which are asousieted only with the subject are called SUBJECTIVE. They can’t have an object and they can’t be used at a passive constructive. Eg. He runs fast.

The Vs which are asousieted only with the subject and the predicate are called OBJECTIVE. They may have an object and billed a passive constructive. Eg. He took a book.

The main parts of the sentence are the subject and the prediсate.

The subject is a part of a sentence that denotes an

agent, an instrument, a recipient.

Structurally subject can be of four kinds:

1) simple – expressed by a single word form: The fog is thinning. ‘And’ is a conjunction. To live means to learn.

2) phrasal – expressed by a phrase: Two and three is five.

3) complex – expressed by a predicative complex

- a for-to-infinitive construction: It’s easy for

you to talk so.

- a gerundial complex: Your knowing a thing is

nothing unless another knows that you know it.

4) clausal – expressed by a subject clause: What I

need is a piece of good advice.

The subject can be expressed by any part of speech,

but mainly by nouns and pronouns.

The predicate is the second main part of the sentence and its organizing center.It's a component of a sentence which expresses a state,an action or an event.The predicate may be considered from the semantic or from the structural point of view.

1.simple-consist of a single verb:Marry has come.

2.compound nominal-consist of a link verb and a noun phrase,a numeral,eg:My mam is a doctor.

compound verbal-consist of two verbs:one in the finite form,the other is infinitive or gerund:He wants to stay