Unit III world shipping

Ex. 1. Translate and practise the pronunciation of the words, put them down into your vocabulary:

Lane, prerequisite, chart, fairway, width, intensity, exposure, depth, separation, short-cut, survey, sand bar, obstacle, destination, mate, longitude, latitude, angle, device, route, loran, visibility, collision, link, adjustment, safety, convention, lifeboat, drill, fog, distress, guard;

To account, to compare, to occur, to maintain, to be obliged (to), to exhibit, to endanger, to transmit, to obtain, to de­termine, to prevent, to respond, to deal (with), to overload, to sink, to raise, to govern, to reflect, to operate, to approve;

Nautical, actual, comprehensive, accurate, seafaring, strict;

Continuously, exceptionally;

Ahead, backward, according (to)

Ex.2. Insert the right word:

Convention, angle, accurate, reflect, collision, prevent, longitude, visibility, mate, safety, device, latitude, lifeboats, destination.

1. The ship is already in a range of …. 2. The driver had to brake to … the … . 3. What are the … and … of that island? 4. The mast bowed at a dangerous … . 5. This pattern doesn’t … the idea of his speech. 6. When shall we reach the place of … ? 7. The first … is to take the command if something happens to the captain. 8. This international … regulates the … standards for ships. 9. The shortage of … may be disastrous during a shipwreck. 10. This new electronic … is enough … to be used in our experiment.

Ex. 3. Change the words of italic type with their synonyms from your active vocabulary:

1. This old ship is preserved in a very good state. 2. In unknown waters different surprises may happen. 3. The dimensions must be very precise. 4. World marine nations formed their character due to their maritime position. 5. What have you undertaken to answer his actions? 6. You should overcome the difficulties to realize your aim. 7. The ship is going down! You should send the SOS signal immediately! 8. Economic ties between these two countries are historically strong. 9. Valuable cargoes must be stored under protection. 10. The current investigation shows that the breadth of the strait is constantly decreasing.

Ex. 4. Define in one word:

1. an instrument or apparatus;

2. an accident when one vehicle runs into another;

3. a special vessel for saving people during a shipwreck;

4. a person protecting smth or a soldier of elite regiment;

5. the weather phenomenon complicating visibility;

6. to keep in a proper state;

7. to put in too much cargo;

8. to accept smb’s actions, behaviour or ideas;

9. real, corresponding to the reality;

10. a safe passage favourable for the ships

Ex. 5. Translate into Russian:

the largest share of trade

means of transportation

in addition to

shipping lane system

surrounding waters

in the protected fairways

a limit to the size

the comparatively poorer conditions

manoeuvering ability

to direct oncoming traffic

coastal fishing

boats for shallow waters

unmarked fairways and occasional short-cuts

a survey for the comprehensive planning

from the pier into the harbour

with a local harbour pilot aboard

to locate the ship's posi­tion

the angle of the sun above the horizon

highly accurate electronic equipment

special transmitting stations

in bad weather and poor visibility

to make adjustments by hand

to speed up the loading and un­loading

watertight bulkheads

fire-fighting equipment

life jackets and other lifesaving equipment

at regular intervals

improvements in ship design

meet the standards

all merchant ships in active service

to meet all safety regulations

to make sure that

Ex. 6. Read and translate the text: