Exercises

Ex.1. Pronounce correctly:

ecology, ecological, ecologist; alter, alteration; biosphere, biology, biologically, biomass; disturb, disturbed, disturbance; noise, noisy, noiseless; environment, environmental, environmentalist; wastes, domestic wastes, municipal wastes industrial wastes; apply, applied, application, applicant; quality, qualify, qualified; civil, civilize, civilization, civilian; nutrient, nutrition, nutriment, nutritious, nutritive; pollute, pollution, polluted; science, scientist, scientific, since; search, research, researcher; response, responsible, responsibility; chemistry, chemist, chemicals; relevant, relevance.

Ex.2. Translate into Russian, paying attention to the nouns in the function of an attribute:

waste disposal; environmental protection agency; development of civilizations; destruction of nature; various fields of national economy; a non-profit expense; the directions of study; water resources; water table; the responsibility of governments; waste water treatment; waste prevention classification; labelling of waste materials; waste reduction programs; noise assessment; emergency planning; licensing of water off-site.

Ex.3. Find in the text the following word-combinations:

здоровая биологическая среда; экологические проблемы; размещение отходов; автомобильные пробки; уничтожение природы; Министерство по охране окружающей среды; промышленное производство; различные отрасли национальной экономики (народного хозяйства); природные ресурсы; основные проблемы; развитие цивилизаций; ущерб окружающей среде; комплексный подход.

Ex.4. Translate the following words and word-combinations:

1. environmental protection, environmental performance;

2. ecological study; ecological problems;

3. responsibility of government, a government problem;

4. various fields, various problems.

Ex.5. Fill in the blanks:

1. The word … means interrelations between man and nature.

2. An ecologist …familiar with the basic problems of physics, chemistry, biology, geology and other sciences.

3. The main directions of ecological study are …, … and … pollution of …, … and …, caused by industrial activity of man.

4. The pollution and poisoning of the …, … and … have reached a critical level.

5. The faculty of Natural Resource Management … engineers of broad speciality.

Ex.6. Translate into English:

1. Экология изучает взаимоотношения между человеком и окружающей средой.

2. Экологические знания становятся с каждым днем все важнее.

3. Основными направлениями экологических исследований являются химическое, шумовое и термальное загрязнения воды, почвы и воздуха.

4. Обыватели часто считают, что контроль за экологическими проблемами – обязанность правительства.

5. С ростом уровня жизни и потребления в обществе увеличивается количество домашних отбросов.

6. Уничтожение природы неуклонно ведет к потере наиболее важных составляющих жизни, и в частности, здорового биологического окружения.

7. Хорошо подготовленные выпускники имеют широкие возможности устроиться на работу.

Ex.7. Agree or disagree with the statements. Use such phrases as “I agree, that ...”, “I disagree, that...”, “It’s wrong, that ...”, “It’s true, that ...”, “It’s a well known fact, that…”:

1. The functional unit in ecology is the ecosystem.

2. The modern world has caused a little transformation of the environment.

3. Ecology as a science is connected only with biology and chemistry.

4. Public often suggests that control of ecological problems is the responsibility of government.

5. The destruction of nature doesn’t lead to the loss of any of the important elements of existence.

6. People in general are unaware of their input to the problem of pollution or their role in reducing it.

7. The international organization “Greenpeace” is organizing a lot of activities, which result in environmental pollution and destroying of national economies of different countries.

Ex.8. Answer the questions:

6. What is ecology?

7. What faculty are you in?

8. What does the word “environment” mean?

9. What are the tasks of the Environmental Agencies?

10. Why are people usually sure, that control of the environmental problems is the responsibility of the government?

11. What are the main environmental issues, concerned with the general public?

12. Why are the joint efforts of different countries of importance for ecological problems?

13. What will help us to solve ecological problems?