III. Find English equivalents:

педагогічні погляди, приймати до уваги, зрощувати любов, рідна мова, підпорядкування, продуктивна праця, творчість в праці, збагачувати знання

IV. Make up word combinations:

1. material a. demands

2. child’s b. development

3. labour c. household

4. to do d. knowledge

5. to enlarge e. personality

6. individual f. aspects

7. all-round g. activity

V. True or false. If false, correct the mistake.

1. Makarenko followed Darwin’s theory of evolution.

2. The idea of nationality was not reflected in Ushinsky’ principles.

3. The main idea of Makarenko’s system was education and upbringing in community.

4. “Family should pay much attention to a child”, said Makarenko.

5. Suhomlinsky singled out individual interests and social ones.

VI. Answer the questions:

1. What did Ushinsky consider the main part of education?

2. Why is mother tongue so important in upbringing?

3. Why is a goal or a purpose necessary for the collective?

4. How did Makarenko prove that labour was important for upbringing?

5. What was the role of parents in Suhomlinsky’ pedagogics?

VII. Make up a plan of the text.

VIII. Read and translate the text using the dictionary:

Sukhomlinsky V. D.

Sukhomlinsky was born in a peasant family in the village of Vasylivka, in Ukraine. He graduated from Poltava Pedagogical Institute in 1939 and fought in World War II.

The main point of Sukhomlinsky’s system of education was his approach to moral education, which involved sensitising his students to beauty in nature, in art, in human relations and encouraging students to take responsibility for the living environment, which surrounded them. Sukhomlinsky taught his students that the most precious thing in life is a human being and that there is no greater honour than to bring joy to other people. He taught them that they should bring joy to other people and especially to their families, they should strive to create beauty in themselves and in the environment. Thus there was a very close connection between moral and aesthetic education in Sukhomlinsky’s approach.

Another aspect of being truly human was the development of the intellect, so that the horizons of the mind grew ever wider, gradually encompassing the whole world and reaching into the depths of space. Sukhomlinsky could not agree with those, who sought to give education a purely practical focus, who thought that knowledge was worthwhile only if it found direct application in the work place. For him the study of foreign languages and astronomy were essential, in order for a person to appreciate the world of which they were a part and to broaden their minds.

IX. Make up a plan of the text in the form of questions.

X. Render the text in a written form.

XI. Mind the following words:

common – загальний

valuable – корисний

a strain – стиль

IX. Listen to the text “Ushinsky K. D.” and try to understand it.

X. Answer the following questions:

1. How can you express the main idea of Ushinsky’s education?

2. What is the role of education according to Ushinsky?

XI. True/ False statements:

1. Ushinsky considered science as a basis of art.

2. Ushinsky said: “There is a common system of education to all nations”.

3. According to Ushinsky, education cannot solve the questions of live.

Unit 12

Topic: The Educational System in Ukraine

I. Read and remember the following words paying attention to their pronunciation:

constitute ['kPnstI"tjHt] – складати

to ensure [In'SVq] – забезпечувати

scientific ["sQIn'tIfIk] – науковий

Bachelor ['bxCqlq] – бакалавр

Specialist ['speSqlIst] – спеціаліст

interruption ["Intq'rApSn] – зупинка; відрив

pursuant [pq'sjHqnt] – згідно (з чимось)

receipt [rI'sJt] – отримання

II. Read and translate the following text:

Ukraine has got rather developed system of education. General secondary education is free and compulsory. There are many gymnasiums, lyceums and private schools in Ukraine. The secondary school must secure a uniform level of knowledge, necessary for each student. Post-secondary education is provided by technical schools, colleges and institutions of higher learning: universities, academies and institutes.

The structure of higher education in Ukraine was built up according to the structure of education in the developed countries of the world, as determined by UNESCO, UN and other international organizations.

The higher education constitutes an integral part of the system of education in Ukraine, as provided by the Law of Ukraine “On Education”. It ensures the fundamental scientific, professional and practical training by the following educational and qualification degrees:

“Junior specialist”, “Bachelor”, “Specialist, Master”.

The higher education is received in higher educational institutions of the respective levels of accreditation on the basis of: basic general secondary education and complete general secondary education.

Training of specialists in higher educational institutions may be carried out with the interruption of work (daytime education), without interruption of work (evening, correspondence education), by the combination of these two forms, and for certain professions – without attending classes.

Admission of citizens to higher educational institutions is made on the competitive basis according to skills and regardless of the form of ownership of an educational institution and sources of payment for education.

There are four levels of accreditation established pursuant to the status of higher educational institutions:

• first level – technical school, vocational school and other higher educational institutions equated to them;

• second level – college and other higher educational institutions equated to it;

• third and fourth levels (depending on the results of accreditation) – institute, conservatory, academy and university.

Higher educational institutions train specialists pursuant to the following educational and qualification levels:

• junior specialist – is provided by technical and vocational schools, other higher educational institutions of the first level of accreditation;

• bachelor – is provided by colleges and other higher educational institutions of the second level of accreditation;

• specialist, master – are provided by higher educational institutions of the third and fourth levels of accreditation.

The level system of higher education lies in the receipt of different educational and qualification levels at the respective stages of higher education.

The network of higher educational institutions provides education for 392 students per each 10 thousand of population.

Specialists having degree of higher education are trained in 70 areas that include more than 500 professions.