4. Answer the questions to the text:

1. What is mixing?

2. What is blending?

3. What is the difference between the terms “mixing” and “blending”?

4. What different process steps in a single equipment can many modern mixers combine?

5. What are industrial mixers?

6. What materials are most commonly used in the design of industrial mixers?

7. How do batch mixers work?

8. What are agitators used for?

5. Fill in the gaps with the words from the text and translate these word combinations into Ukrainian:

	Ukrainian translation
1. to produce a homogenous __________
2. consistent __________ size distribution
3. dry __________ detergents
4. effective and efficient __________
5. metal's sanitary and hygienic __________
6. handle a steady __________of material
7. to consist of a rotating __________ on the frame
8. to emulsify __________ materials

6. Choose the correct grammar form for each sentence:

1. Blending_____ a relatively gentle process compared to mixing.

a) has

b) is

c) can be

2. Many modern mixers _______to combine different process steps in a single equipment.

a) designed

b) are designed

c) design

3. Mixing ______after a substance is poured into the industrial mixer.

a) is beginning

b) begins

c) has begun

4. Industrial mixers are widely used across many industries _______chemical, agricultural and water treatment industries.

a) having included

b) included

c) including

5. Air conditioning and refrigeration systems are some other important fields where heat exchangers_______.

a) are applied

b) apply

c) are applying

6. Pharmaceutical and food industries also _____heavily on mixing and blending technology.

a) relies

b) rely

c) will rely

7. To prevent any blockage due to impurities______ in a heat exchanger, a regular and timely examination of heat exchangers is essential.

a) collected

b) having collected

c) being collected

6. Say if the following statements are true or false. If the statement is false explain why:

1) Mixing is the process of thoroughly combining different materials to produce dissimilar materials.
2) Blending is the process of solid-solid mixing or mixing of bulk solids with small quantity of liquid.
3) Pharmaceutical and chemical process industries deal with mixing and blending of specialty chemicals, explosives, fertilizers, dry powdered detergents, glass or ceramics, and rubber compounds.
4) Many modern mixers are designed to combine different process steps in a single equipment.
5) Industrial mixers are usually large tanks or vats with stationary blades or paddles that rotate on a motorized shaft.
6) Blenders are not identical to mixers.
7) Continuous-feed mixers can handle a steady flow of material.
8) Agitators are the machines that can blend chemicals, foods and other low-viscosity materials.

7. Imagine you have gained over 5 years of experience in a scientific and industrial firm which is one of the world leading manufacturers for mixing equipment specializing in development of units with mechanical mixing devices. You belong to a team of experienced specialists who design, develop and supply equipment, system and modules for mixing. Every year the company's staff publishes articles in leading technical journals, takes part in international conferences and congresses. You’ve been given a task to make up a brief presentation on theoretical and practical issues of mixing to participate in the conference organized by one of the leading universities. Think over what you will report about.

8. Pick up the key words from the text “Mixing and blending”. Make up your own sentences with them.

9. Write an abstract to the text “Mixing and blending”.

10. Get ready for presenting the topic “Mixing and blending” at the conference ”Innovations in Science and Engineering” based on the following questions of Task 4.

LESSON 7

1. Read and memorize the following words:

	fin	гофроване ребро, пластина
	corrugation	гофрування, гофр
	regenerative	рекуперативний
	baffles	перегородка
	otherwise	в іншому випадку
	examination	перевірка, контроль
	simultaneously	одночасно

2. Read and memorize the following word combinations:

	to induce turbulence	викликати (спричиняти) турбулентність
	to eliminate the need	усувати необхідність
	to put to use	використовувати, вводити в експлуатацію
	flow arrangement	організація потоку
	shell and tube heat exchanger	кожухотрубний теплообмінник
	counter-flow	противотік
	parallel-flow	прямотік, паралельний потік
	cross-flow	перехресний, поперечний потік
	in a perpendicular fashion	у перпендикулярний спосіб
	tube bundle	зв’язка труб
	intermediate fluid heat exchanger	проміжний рідинний теплообмінник
	solid heat exchanger	компактний теплообмінник