Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 10
ȼɕɑɂɋɅȿɇɂȿ ɊȿɁɍɅɖɌȺɌɈȼ ɌɂɌɊɂɆȿɌɊɂɑȿɋɄɂɏ ɈɉɊȿȾȿɅȿɇɂɃ
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Ɇɨɥɹɪɧɚɹ |
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Ɏɚɤɬɨɪ |
ɦɚɫɫɚ ɷɤɜɢ- |
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ɷɤɜɢɜɚ- |
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Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɨɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɨ |
ɜɚɥɟɧɬɚ, |
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ɥɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɢ |
ɝ/ɦɨɥɶ |
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1 |
2 |
3 |
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1.Ʉɢɫɥɨɬɧɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɬɢɬɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ |
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Ba(OH)2 |
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1/2 |
85,67 |
Ba(OH)2·8H2O |
1/2 |
157,73 |
ɇɋɈɈɇ (ɦɭɪɚɜɶɢɧɚɹ) |
1 |
46,026 |
Cɇ3ɋɈɈɇ (ɭɤɫɭɫɧɚɹ) |
1 |
60,052 |
H2C4H4O4 (ɹɧɬɚɪɧɚɹ) |
1/2 |
59,045 |
H2C4H4O6 (ɜɢɧɧɚɹ) |
1/2 |
75,044 |
H2C2O4 (ɳɚɜɟɥɟɜɚɹ) |
1/2 |
45,018 |
H2C2O4·2H2O |
1/2 |
63,033 |
HCl |
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1 |
36,461 |
HNO3 |
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1 |
63,0128 |
H2SO4 |
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1/2 |
49,037 |
K2CO3 (ɫ ɮɟɧɨɥɮɬɚɥɟɢɧɨɦ) |
1 |
138,206 |
K2CO3 (ɫ ɦɟɬɢɥɨɜɵɦ ɨɪɚɧɠɟɜɵɦ) |
1/2 |
69,103 |
KɇCO3 |
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1 |
100,115 |
ɄɈɇ |
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1 |
56,1056 |
NH3 |
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1 |
17,0304 |
Na2B4O7·10H2O |
1/2 |
190,68 |
Na2CO3 (ɫ ɮɟɧɨɥɮɬɚɥɟɢɧɨɦ) |
1 |
105,989 |
Na2CO3 (ɫ ɦɟɬɢɥɨɜɵɦ ɨɪɚɧɠɟɜɵɦ) |
1/2 |
52,9942 |
Na2CO3·10H2O |
1/2 |
143,070 |
NaHCO3 |
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1 |
84,007 |
NaOH |
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1 |
39,9971 |
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2. Ɇɟɬɨɞɵ ɨɤɢɫɥɟɧɢɹ-ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ |
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As2O3 |
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1/4 |
49,4604 |
BaS2O3·H2O |
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1 |
267,48 |
Ce (NH4)4(SO4)4·2H2O |
1 |
632,53 |
Ce(SO4)2·4H2O |
1 |
404,30 |
Fe (Fe3+ |
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Fe2+) |
1 |
55,847 |
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Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2·6H2O |
1 |
392,13 |
FeSO4 |
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1 |
151,90 |
FeSO4·7H2O |
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1 |
278,01 |
H2C2O4 (ɳɚɜɟɥɟɜɚɹ) |
1/2 |
45,018 |
H2C2O4·2H2O |
1/2 |
63,033 |
H2O2 |
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1/2 |
17,0073 |
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 11
ɏȺɊȺɄɌȿɊɂɋɌɂɄɂ ɄɂɋɅɈɌɇɈ-ɈɋɇɈȼɇɕɏ ɂɇȾɂɄȺɌɈɊɈȼ
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ɂɧɬɟɪɜɚɥ ɪɇ |
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ɇɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɚ |
ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɨɤ- |
ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɨɤɪɚɫɤɢ |
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ɪɚɫɤɢ ɜ ɜɨɞɟ |
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Ɇɟɬɢɥɨɜɵɣ ɮɢɨɥɟɬɨɜɵɣ (1-ɣ ɩɟɪɟ- |
0,13-0,5 |
ɠɟɥɬɚɹ – ɡɟɥɟɧɚɹ |
ɯɨɞ) |
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Ɇɟɬɢɥɨɜɵɣ ɡɟɥɟɧɵɣ |
0,1-2,0 |
ɠɟɥɬɚɹ – ɡɟɥɟɧɚɹ |
Ɇɟɬɢɥɨɜɵɣ ɮɢɨɥɟɬɨɜɵɣ (2-ɣ ɩɟɪɟ- |
1,0-1,5 |
ɡɟɥɟɧɚɹ – ɫɢɧɹɹ |
ɯɨɞ) |
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Ɍɢɦɨɥɨɜɵɣ ɫɢɧɢɣ (1-ɣ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞ) |
1,2-2,8 |
ɤɪɚɫɧɚɹ – ɠɟɥɬɚɹ |
Ɍɪɨɩɟɨɥɢɧ 00 |
1,4-3,2 |
ɤɪɚɫɧɚɹ – ɠɟɥɬɚɹ |
Ɇɟɬɢɥɨɜɵɣ ɮɢɨɥɟɬɨɜɵɣ (3-ɣ ɩɟɪɟ- |
2,0-3,0 |
ɫɢɧɹɹ – ɮɢɨɥɟɬɨɜɚɹ |
ɯɨɞ) |
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ȕ-Ⱦɢɧɢɬɪɨɮɟɧɨɥ |
2,4-4,0 |
ɛɟɫɰɜɟɬɧɚɹ – ɠɟɥɬɚɹ |
Į-Ⱦɢɧɢɬɪɨɮɟɧɨɥ |
2,8-4,4 |
ɛɟɫɰɜɟɬɧɚɹ – ɠɟɥɬɚɹ |
Ɇɟɬɢɥɨɜɵɣ ɨɪɚɧɠɟɜɵɣ |
3,0-4,4 |
ɤɪɚɫɧɚɹ – ɠɟɥɬɚɹ |
Ȼɪɨɦɮɟɧɨɥɨɜɵɣ ɫɢɧɢɣ |
3,0-4,6 |
ɠɟɥɬɚɹ – ɫɢɧɹɹ |
Ʉɨɧɝɨ ɤɪɚɫɧɵɣ |
3,0-5,2 |
ɫɢɧɟ-ɮɢɨɥɟɬɨɜɚɹ – |
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ɤɪɚɫɧɚɹ |
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Ⱥɥɢɡɚɪɢɧɨɜɵɣ ɤɪɚɫɧɵɣ S (1-ɣ ɩɟ- |
3,7-5,2 |
ɠɟɥɬɚɹ – ɮɢɨɥɟɬɨɜɚɹ |
ɪɟɯɨɞ) |
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Ȗ-Ⱦɢɧɢɬɪɨɮɟɧɨɥ |
4,0-5,4 |
ɛɟɫɰɜɟɬɧɚɹ – ɠɟɥɬɚɹ |
Ɇɟɬɢɥɨɜɵɣ ɤɪɚɫɧɵɣ |
4,4-6,2 |
ɤɪɚɫɧɚɹ – ɠɟɥɬɚɹ |
ɩ-ɇɢɬɪɨɮɟɧɨɥ |
5,6-7,6 |
ɛɟɫɰɜɟɬɧɚɹ – ɠɟɥɬɚɹ |
Ȼɪɨɦɬɢɦɨɥɨɜɵɣ ɫɢɧɢɣ |
6,0-7,6 |
ɠɟɥɬɚɹ – ɫɢɧɹɹ |
ɇɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɪɚɫɧɵɣ |
6,8-8,0 |
ɤɪɚɫɧɚɹ – ɠɟɥɬɚɹ |
Ɍɪɨɩɟɨɥɢɧ 000 |
7,6-9,0 |
ɤɨɪɢɱɧɟɜɨ-ɠɟɥɬɚɹ – |
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ɦɚɥɢɧɨɜɨ-ɤɪɚɫɧɚɹ |
Ɍɢɦɨɥɨɜɵɣ ɫɢɧɢɣ (2-ɣ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞ) |
8,0-9,6 |
ɠɟɥɬɚɹ – ɫɢɧɹɹ |
Ɏɟɧɨɥɮɬɚɥɟɢɧ |
8,2-10,0 |
ɛɟɫɰɜɟɬɧɚɹ – ɤɪɚɫɧɚɹ |
Ɍɢɦɨɥɮɬɚɥɟɢɧ |
9,4-10,5 |
ɛɟɫɰɜɟɬɧɚɹ – ɫɢɧɹɹ |
Ɍɪɨɩɟɨɥɢɧ 0 |
11,0-13,0 |
ɠɟɥɬɚɹ – |
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ɨɪɚɧɠɟɜɨ-ɤɨɪɢɱɧɟɜɚɹ |
ɂɧɞɢɝɨɤɚɪɦɢɧ |
11,6-14,0 |
ɫɢɧɹɹ – ɠɟɥɬɚɹ |
1, 3, 5-Ɍɪɢɧɢɬɪɨɛɟɧɡɨɥ |
12,2-14,0 |
ɛɟɫɰɜɟɬɧɚɹ – |
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ɨɪɚɧɠɟɜɚɹ |
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Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 12
ɏȺɊȺɄɌȿɊɂɋɌɂɄɂ ȺȾɋɈɊȻɐɂɈɇɇɕɏ ɂɇȾɂɄȺɌɈɊɈȼ
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Ɉɩɪɟɞɟ- |
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ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ |
ɇɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ |
ɥɹɟɦɵɟ |
Ɍɢɬɪɚɧɬ |
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ɨɤɪɚɫɤɢ |
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ɢɨɧɵ |
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Ⱥɥɢɡɚɪɢɧɨɜɵɣ ɤɪɚɫɧɵɣ |
[Fe(CN)6]4- |
Pb2+ |
ɠɟɥɬɚɹ – ɪɨɡɨɜɨ- |
(ɚɥɢɡɚɪɢɧɫɭɥɶɮɨɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ) |
SCN- |
Ag+ |
ɤɪɚɫɧɚɹ |
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Ȼɪɨɦɮɟɧɢɥɨɜɵɣ ɫɢɧɢɣ |
Tl+ |
I- |
ɠɟɥɬɚɹ – ɡɟɥɟɧɚɹ |
(ɬɟɬɪɚɛɪɨɦɮɟɧɨɥɫɭɥɶɮɨɮ- |
Hg2+ |
Cl- |
ɫɢɪɟɧɟɜɚɹ – ɠɟɥɬɚɹ |
ɬɚɥɟɢɧ) |
SCN- |
Ag+ |
ɮɢɨɥɟɬɨɜɚɹ – ɫɢɧɟ- |
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I-, Cl- |
Ag+ |
ɡɟɥɟɧɚɹ |
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Br- |
Hg22+ |
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Ⱦɢɮɟɧɢɥɤɚɪɛɚɡɢɞ |
CN- |
Ag+ |
ɠɟɥɬɨ-ɡɟɥɟɧɚɹ – |
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ɫɢɧɟ-ɡɟɥɟɧɚɹ |
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Cl-, Br- |
Hg22+ |
ɛɟɫɰɜɟɬɧɚɹ – |
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ɮɢɨɥɟɬɨɜɚɹ |
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Ⱦɢɮɟɧɢɥɤɚɪɛɚɡɨɧ |
Cl-, I-, CN- |
Hg22+ |
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Cl- |
Ag+ |
ɤɪɚɫɧɚɹ – ɮɢɨɥɟɬɨɜɚɹ |
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Br-, I- |
Ag+ |
ɠɟɥɬɚɹ – ɡɟɥɟɧɚɹ |
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SCN- |
Ag+ |
ɪɨɡɨɜɚɹ – ɫɢɧɹɹ |
2,7-Ⱦɢɯɥɨɪɮɥɭɨɪɟɫɰɟɢɧ |
Cl-, Br-, I- |
Ag+ |
ɠɟɥɬɨ-ɡɟɥɟɧɚɹ – |
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ɪɨɡɨɜɨ-ɤɪɚɫɧɚɹ |
Ɋɨɞɚɦɢɧ 6ɀ (ɷɬɢɥɨɜɵɣ |
Br- |
Ag+ |
ɠɟɥɬɨ-ɤɪɚɫɧɚɹ – |
ɷɮɢɪ ɞɢɷɬɢɥɚɦɢɧɨ-ɨ- |
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ɮɢɨɥɟɬɨɜɚɹ |
ɤɚɪɛɨɤɫɢɮɟɧɢɥ-ɤɫɚɧɬɟɧɢɥ- |
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ɯɥɨɪɢɞɚ) |
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Ʉɨɧɝɨ ɤɪɚɫɧɵɣ (Ⱦɢɮɟɧɢɥ- |
Cl-, Br-, I- |
Ag+ |
ɤɪɚɫɧɨ-ɫɢɧɹɹ |
ɛɢɫ-(1-ɚɦɢɧɨ-2-ɧɚɮɬɢɥɚɡɨ- |
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4-ɫɭɥɶɮɨɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ) |
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Ɏɥɭɨɪɟɫɰɟɢɧ (ɪɟɡɨɪɰɢɧ- |
Cl-, Br-, I-, |
Ag+ |
ɠɟɥɬɨ-ɡɟɥɟɧɚɹ – |
ɮɬɚɥɟɢɧ) |
SCN- |
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ɪɨɡɨɜɚɹ |
ɗɨɡɢɧ (ɬɟɬɪɚɛɪɨɦɨ (R) |
I-, Br- |
Ag+ |
ɨɪɚɧɠɟɜɚɹ – ɤɪɚɫɧɨ- |
ɮɥɭɨɪɟɫɰɟɢɧ) |
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ɮɢɨɥɟɬɨɜɚɹ |
ɗɪɢɬɪɨɡɢɧ (ɞɢɢɨɞɨ (R) |
I- |
Ag+ |
ɨɪɚɧɠɟɜɚɹ – ɬɟɦɧɨ- |
ɮɥɭɨɪɟɫɰɟɢɧ) |
MoO4- |
Pb2+ |
ɤɪɚɫɧɚɹ |
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Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 14
ɏȺɊȺɄɌȿɊɂɋɌɂɄɂ ɈɄɂɋɅɂɌȿɅɖɇɈ-ȼɈɋɋɌȺɇɈȼɂɌȿɅɖɇɕɏ ɂɇȾɂɄȺɌɈɊɈȼ
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ȿ0hɩɪɢ |
ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɨɤɪɚɫɤɢ |
ɇɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɚ |
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ɪɇ = 0 |
ɨɤɢɫɥ. |
ɜɨɫɫɬ. |
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ɋɚɮɪɚɧɢɧ-Ɍ |
0,24 |
ɤɪɚɫɧɚɹ |
ɛɟɫɰɜɟɬɧɚɹ |
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ɇɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɪɚɫɧɵɣ |
0,24 |
ɤɪɚɫɧɚɹ |
ɛɟɫɰɜɟɬɧɚɹ |
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ɂɧɞɢɝɨɦɨɧɨɫɭɥɶɮɨɧɨɜɚɹ |
0,26 |
ɫɢɧɹɹ |
ɛɟɫɰɜɟɬɧɚɹ |
ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ |
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ɂɧɞɢɝɨɬɟɬɪɚɫɭɥɶɮɨɧɨɜɚɹ |
0,37 |
ɫɢɧɹɹ |
ɛɟɫɰɜɟɬɧɚɹ |
ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ |
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Ɇɟɬɢɥɟɧɨɜɚɹ ɫɢɧɹɹ |
0,53 |
ɡɟɥɟɧɨɜɚɬɨ- |
ɛɟɫɰɜɟɬɧɚɹ |
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ɝɨɥɭɛɚɹ |
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2-6- Ⱦɢɯɥɨɪɮɟɧɨɥɢɧɞɨ- |
0,64 |
ɫɢɧɹɹ |
ɛɟɫɰɜɟɬɧɚɹ |
ɮɟɧɨɥ |
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2-6- Ⱦɢɛɪɨɦɛɟɧɡɨɥɢɧɞɨ- |
0,67 |
ɫɢɧɹɹ |
ɛɟɫɰɜɟɬɧɚɹ |
ɮɟɧɨɥ |
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Ⱦɢɮɟɧɢɥɚɦɢɧ (ɞɢɮɟɧɢɥ- |
0,76 |
ɮɢɨɥɟɬɨɜɚɹ |
ɛɟɫɰɜɟɬɧɚɹ |
ɛɟɧɡɢɞɢɧ) |
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Ⱦɢɮɟɧɢɥɚɦɢɧɫɭɥɶɮɨɧɨ- |
0,85 |
ɤɪɚɫɧɨ- |
ɛɟɫɰɜɟɬɧɚɹ |
ɜɚɹ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ |
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ɮɢɨɥɟɬɨɜɚɹ |
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N-ɮɟɧɢɥɚɧɬɪɚɧɢɥɨɜɚɹ ɤɢ- |
1,08 |
ɮɢɨɥɟɬɨɜɨ- |
ɛɟɫɰɜɟɬɧɚɹ |
ɫɥɨɬɚ |
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ɤɪɚɫɧɚɹ |
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1,10-Ɏɟɧɚɧɬɪɨɥɢɧ-Fe (II)- |
1,06 |
ɛɥɟɞɧɨ-ɝɨɥɭɛɚɹ |
ɤɪɚɫɧɚɹ |
ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ |
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ɇɢɬɪɨ-ɨ-ɮɟɧɚɧɬɪɨɥɢɧ- |
1,25 |
ɛɥɟɞɧɨ-ɝɨɥɭɛɚɹ |
ɮɢɨɥɟɬɨɜɨ- |
Fe (II)-ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ |
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ɤɪɚɫɧɚɹ |
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