Urological eponyms

670 CHAPTER 18 Urological eponyms

Alcock’s canal: canal for the internal pudendal vessels and nerve in the ischiorectal fossa.

Benjamin Alcock (1801–?). Professor of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pathology (1837) at the Apothecaries Hall in Dublin.

Anderson–Hynes pyeloplasty: dismembered pyeloplasty for UPJO. James Anderson and Wilfred Hynes. Surgeons, Sheffield United Hospitals.

BCG (Bacille Calmette–Guerin): attenuated TB bacillus used for immunotherapy of carcinoma in situ of bladder.

Leon Charles Albert Calmette (1863–1933). A pupil of Pasteur in Paris, later becoming first director of the Pasteur Institute.

Camille Guerin (1872–1961). A veterinary surgeon at the Calmette Institute in Lille, who, along with Calmette, developed BCG vaccine.

Bonney test: elevation of bladder neck during vaginal examination reduces leakage of urine during coughing (used to diagnose stress incontinence).

William Bonney (1872–1953). Studied at Barts and The Middlesex Hospitals. On the staff of the Royal Masonic Hospital and The Chelsea Hospital for Women. He was a highly skilled surgeon with an international reputation.

Bowman’s capsule: epithelial-lined cup surrounding the glomerulus in the kidney.

Sir William Paget Bowman (1816–1892). Surgeon to Birmingham General Hospital. Elected FRS in 1841. FRCS 1844. Won the Royal Medal of the Royal Society for his description of the Malpihgian body of the kidney. Proposed the theory of urine production by filtration of plasma. Described as the father of histology. 1846 became surgeon to Moorfields Eye Hospital. He was an early proponent of the opthalmoscope and the first in England to treat glaucoma by iridectomy (1862).

Camper fascia: superficial layer of superficial fascia (fat) of abdomen and inguinal region.

Pieter Camper (1722–1789). Physician and anatomist in Leyden, The Netherlands.

Charrière system: system of measurement for sizing catheters and stents.

Joseph Charrière (1803–1876). Surgical instrument maker in Paris.

Clutton sounds: metal probes for dilating the urethra (originally used for “sounding” for bladder stones).

Henry Clutton (1850–1909). Surgeon to St.Thomas’s Hospital, London.

Colles fascia: superficial fascia of the perineum.

Abraham Colles (1773–1843). Professor of Anatomy and Surgery in Dublin.

Denonvilliers fascia: rectovesical fascia.

Charles Denonvilliers (1808–1872). Professor of Anatomy, Paris and later Professor of Surgery.

UROLOGICAL EPONYMS 671

Dormia basket: basket for extracting stones from the ureter. Enrico Dormia. Assistant Professor of Surgery, Milan.

(Pouch of) Douglas: rectouterine pouch (in females), rectovesical pouch (in males).

James Douglas (1675–1742). Anatomist; physician to the Queen.

Foley catheter: balloon catheter, designed to be self-retaining.

Foley pyeloplasty

Frederic Foley (1891–1966). Urologist, St Paul, Minnesota.

Fournier gangrene: fulminating gangrene of external genitalia and lower abdominal wall.

Jean Fournier (1832–1914). Professor of Dermatology, Hôpital St Louis, Paris. Also recognized the association between syphilis and tabes dorsalis.

Gerota’s fascia: the renal fascia.

Dumitru Gerota (1867–1939). Professor of Surgery, University of Budapest.

(Loop of) Henle: U-shaped segment of the nephron between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules.

Friedrich Henle (1809–1885). Professor of Anatomy, Zurich and Göttingen.

von Hippel–Lindau syndrome: syndrome of multiple renal cancers Eugen von Hippel (1867–1939). Opthalmologist in Berlin.

Arvid Lindau (1892–1958). Swedish pathologist.

Hunner’s ulcer: ulcer in bladder in interstitial cystitis.

Guy Hunner (1868–1957). Professor of Gynaecology, Johns Hopkins.

Jaboulay procedure: operation for hydrocele repair (excision of hydrocele sac).

Mathieu Jaboulay (1860–1913). Professor of Surgery, Lyon.

Klinefelter syndrome: male hypogonadism with XXY chromosome complement.

Harry Klinefelter (1912–1990). Associate Professor of Medicine, Johns Hopkins.

Kocherization of the duodenum: Mobilization of the second part of the duodenum. Used to expose the inferior vena cava and right renal vein during radical nephrectomy.

Emil Kocher (1841–1917). Professor of Surgery, Berne University. A founder of modern surgery. He won the Nobel Prize in 1909 for work on the physiology, pathology, and surgery of the thyroid gland.

Lahey forceps: curved forceps used during surgery.

Frank Lahey (1880–1953). Head of Surgery, The Lahey Clinic, Boston.

Langenbeck retractor: commonly used retractor during surgery. Bernard von Langenbeck (1810–1887). Professor of Surgery, Kiel and

Berlin. A great teacher and surgeon.

672 CHAPTER 18 Urological eponyms

Leydig cells: interstitial cells of the testis.

Franz von Leydig (1821–1908). Professor of Histology, Würtzburg, Tübingen, Bonn.

Malécot catheter: large-bore catheter, used for drainage of kidney following PCNL.

Achille Malécot (1852–?). Surgeon in Paris.

Millin’s prostatectomy: retropubic open prostatectomy.

Terence Millin (1903–1980). Irish Surgeon, trained in Dublin. Surgeon at the Middlesex and Guy’s Hospitals and, later, the Westminster Hospital. He became President of the British Association of Urological Surgeons and then President of the Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland.

Peyronie’s disease: fibrosis of shaft of penis causing a bend of the penis during erection.

Francois Peyronie (1678–1747). Surgeon to Louis XV in Paris.

Pfannenstiel incision: suprapubic incision used for surgery to the bladder and uterus.

Hermann Pfannenstiel (1862–1909). Gynecologist from Breslau.

(Space of) Retzius: prevesical space.

Andreas Retzius (1796–1860). Professor of Anatomy and Physiology at the Karolinska Institute, Stockholm.

Santorini plexus: plexus of veins on the ventral surface of the prostate Giandomenico Santorini (1681–1738). Professor of Anatomy and

Medicine in Venice. Wrote a great work on anatomy, Observationes anatomicae, published in Venice in 1724.

Scarpa fascia: deep layer of the superficial fascia of the abdominal wall. Antonio Scarpa (1747–1832). Professor of Anatomy in Modena and

Pavia.

Sertoli cells: supportive cells of testicular epithelium.

Entrico Sertoli (1842–1910). Professor of Experimental Physiology, Milan.

Trendelenburg position: head-down operating position.

Friedrich Trendelenburg (1844–1924). Langenbeck’s assistant in Berlin, and was then Professor of Surgery at Rostock, Bonn, and then Leipzig.

Weigert’s law: inverse position of ectopic ureter (the ureter of the upper moiety of a duplex system) drains distally into the bladder (or below, into the urethra), whereas the lower pole ureter drains into a proximal position in the bladder.

Carl Weigert (1845–1904). German pathologist.

Wilms tumor: nephroblastoma of kidney.

Max Wilms (1867–1918). Surgical assistant to Trendelenburg in Leipzig and subsequently Professor of Surgery in Leipzig. Later, Professor of Surgery in Basle and Heidelberg.

Young’s prostatectomy: perineal prostatectomy.

Hugh Hampton Young (1870–1945). Professor of Urology, John Hopkins School of Medicine.