- •Contents
- •Text 1 the nature of fire
- •3. Read and translate the text.
- •4. How do you say these expressions in English? Find their equivalents in the text below.
- •5. Answer the following questions:
- •6. Match Part 1 with Part 2.
- •Text 2 fire protection engineering
- •1. Look through the texts below and define the main areas of fire protection engineering application.
- •2. Choose one of the applications find out more information at home and inform your groupmates on this application.
- •3. Look through the texts again and make up a list of the terms concerning the fields of fire protection engineering. Learn them and let your groupmate check your knowledge. Text 3 fire awareness
- •1. Make up a list of the words and word – combinations highlighted in the text. Learn them.
- •2. How do you say these expressions in English? Find their equivalents in the text below.
- •3. Read the text carefully and complete the list of the terms given in Ex. 2. Fire prevention
- •4. Read and translate the text below and highlight the terms concerning fire safety. Check them with your groupmates. Fire hazards
- •5. Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •1. Before reading the text, name some tasks that every member of the family has to perform to keep home fire safe. Use from the list below:
- •2. While reading the text write out new words, translate them with a dictionary.
- •4. Give the English equivalents of the following:
- •6. Translate into English:
- •Text 5 forest fires
- •1. Read the interview and make a list of the reasons for forest fires.
- •2. Find the English equivalents to the following words.
- •3. Translate from Russian into English.
- •4. Use these expressions to tell how to extinguish a forest fire:
- •5. Imagine you are the Russian emergency ministry spokesman in the text. Give a two-minute speech about forest fires. Text 6 the modern fire service
- •3. Read and translate the text.
- •4. Answer the following questions.
- •5. Translate sentences from Russian into English.
- •6. Tell about modern fire service using the following vocabulary.
- •Text 7 current firefighting practice
- •3. Read and translate the text.
- •4. Answer the following questions.
- •5. Speak about complicated working conditions of modern firemen. Text 8 water pumps and hose lines
- •3. Read and translate the text.
- •4. Answer the following questions.
- •5. Speak about various types of equipment used by firemen. Text 9 safety and cutting equipment
- •3. Read and translate the text.
- •4. Answer the following questions.
- •5. Tell your speech partner about safety and cutting equipment used by fire brigades. Text 10 training procedures
- •3. Read and translate the text.
- •4. Answer the following questions.
- •5. Imagine you are a recruit. Tell your group mates about your training procedures.
- •Text 2 Fire Facts
- •Text 3 Basic types of fire extinguishers
- •Text 4 Fire Protection Engineering
- •Text 5 Five Famous Forest Fires
- •Glossary
- •References
4. Answer the following questions.
1. When were the first all-enclosed fire engines produced?
2. What are various types of ladders used for?
3. What do modern fire engines need?
4. What are the ways of getting water to a fire?
5. What produces tens of thousands of litres of foam per minute?
5. Speak about various types of equipment used by firemen. Text 9 safety and cutting equipment
1. Look through the text. Find and write out new words into your copybook.
2. Read the words in bold, if necessary consult a dictionary. Translate them into Russian.
3. Read and translate the text.
Breathing sets are usually mounted behind the seats in the back of the pumping engine's crew cab, where they can be donned en route to a fire scene. A breathing set provides clean air for up to 50 minutes in the thickest toxic smoke, although this time will be significantly reduced if the firefighter is working hard and therefore consuming more air. At major fires, where large numbers of breathing sets will be in use, a mobile breathing set recharge
set up to replace empty air cylinders. A safety control board is deployed whenever breathing sets are used at an incident. This monitors each firefighting team inside a smoke-filled building, how much air they have in their cylinders and the recorded time at which they should emerge.
Thermal imaging cameras allow fire crews to see through the thickest smoke to quickly locate casualties or the seat of a fire, and are now essential items of equipment.
Rescue equipment for dealing with non-fire emergencies such as road crashes and industrial machinery accidents increasingly forms an important part of a fire engine's inventory. High-powered hydraulic cutting and spreading tools enable firemen to take the roof off a car in seconds, while sophisticated lifting and jacking equipment, including inflatable air bags, provides a range of tools to effect rescues from the most difficult and challenging situations. When an accident or crash is very serious, perhaps involving a train or a number of road vehicles, or in the event of a gas explosion that has demolished part of a building, an emergency or heavy rescue tender will attend to provide the additional cutting and lifting gear required. These dedicated fire vehicles are self-contained travelling workshops, often crewed by firefighters experienced in rescue work at major accidents.
Protective all-enclosing suits, usually two types, are carried to allow fire crews to safely work in an area deemed to be hazardous, such as at a fire or incident that involves a chemical substance, either at a plant or in transit. Chemical spill suits are worn over a regular firefighting uniform, together with gloves and a breathing set, to provide protection from the majority of chemical substances. Gas-tight suits provide a higher level of protection when dealing with certain highly hazardous materials that pose a serious threat if even a small amount comes into contact with skin or is ingested. A suit completely encloses a firefighter and his breathing set. Hazardous-material emergencies may also call for the use of a radiological measuring device.