§ 4. Some, any, every, no

	-body, -one	-thing	-where
Some	somebody, someone кто-то, кто-нибудь, кто-либо	something что-то, что-нибудь, что-либо	somewhere где-то, где-нибудь, куда-то, куда-нибудь
any	anybody, anyone кто-то, кто-нибудь, кто-либо	anything что-то, что-нибудь, что-либо	anywhere где-то, где-нибудь, куда-то, куда-нибудь
every	everybody, everyone все, каждый	everything всё	everywhere везде, повсюду
no	nobody, no one, none никто	nothing ничего, ничто	nowhere нигде, никуда

Задание 12. Заполните пропуски some- или any + -body/-thing/-where

1. I was too surprised to say anything.

2. There’s __________ at the door. Can you go and see who it is?

3. Does ___________ mind if I open the window?

4. I wasn’t feeling hungry, so I didn’t eat ________.

5. You must be hungry. Would you like ________ to eat?

6. Quick, let’s go! There’s __________ coming and I don’t want ________ to see us.

7. Sally was upset about __________ and refused to talk to __________.

8. This machine is very easy to use. _________ can learn to use it in a very short time.

9. There was hardly ___________ on the beach. It was almost deserted.

10. ‘Do you live __________ near Jim?’ ‘No, he lives in another part of town.’

11. We slept in a park because we didn’t have __________ to stay.

Задание 13. Переведите на русский язык:

1. Put the chair somewhere in the room.

2. He made some mistakes in his test.

3. Have you got any money with you?

4. He said something to her.

5. There was nobody in the room.

6. Did anyone phone me while I was out?

7. Anyone can learn a foreign language.

8. He went nowhere last night.

9. Did you tell anyone about it?

10. Nobody helped me to do this work.

11. I think he knows something about it.

12. Give me some coffee, please.

§ 5. Both… and, either… or, neither… nor

both… and… как… так и …, не только, но и…, как ... так и, и ... и

either… or… либо… либо…, или… или…

neither… nor… ни… ни…

Например:

He is both a good lawyer and a clever man.

This judge is famous both for his experience and for his deep understanding of people.

Either one thing or the other.

Come to see me either on Saturday or on Sunday.

I am neither for nor against it.

Примечание: при употреблении парного союза neither… nor… не требуются другие средства выражения отрицания.

Задание 14. Закончите предложения, используя both/neither/either of us/them.

1. I asked two people the way to the station but __________ could help me.

2. I was invited to two parties last week but I didn’t go to ______.

3. There were two windows in the room. It was very warm, so I opened _________.

4. Sarah and I play tennis together regularly but _______ can play very well.

5. I tried two bookshops for the book I wanted but _______ had it.

Задание 15. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на двойные союзы.

1. Both Presidents Eisenhower and Kennedy enforced Supreme Court civil-rights decisions with the use of federal troops and marshals.

2. The term "criminology" is used both in a general and special sense.

3. As to all of our police agencies, both state and municipal, we must sooner or later recognize the fact that diversion from their essential function is a dangerous expedient.

4. The scope of authority vested in each state organ and the order in which these are exercised are either laid down constitutionally, determined bу current legislation or regulated by tradition.

5. In most cases a jury of twelve is required in either civil or criminal proceedings.

6. Demand for local government services continues to rise much faster than increases either in gross national product or a personal income.

7. The so-called labor lawyer may work either for private or for labor unions.

8. This judge is famous both for his experience and for his deep understanding of people.

9. The investigator could find the criminal neither at the scene of crime nor at the station, nor in the village.

10. He is both a good lawyer and a clever man.

§ 6. There + to be

Утвердительная форма	Вопросительная форма	Отрицательная форма
There is a TV-set in their room.	Is there a TV-set in their room?	There is no TV-set in their room.
There are flowers in the vase.	Are there flowers in the vase?	There are no flowers in the vase.

Примечания:

1. Перед числительными и перед словами many, much, any вместо no ставится отрицание not: There are not many books on the table.

2. В обороте со словом there могут употребляться другие глаголы, например: to stand, to live: There stands a table in the centre of the room.

Задание 16. Переведите предложения с английского на русский язык.

А

1. There is an interesting article about our Institute in today’s newspaper.

2. There are millions of books in the Scientific Library of TSU.

3. There are limits to human endurance.

4. There are two unknown words in this sentence.

5. Tomorrow at 6 p.m. there will be a lecture on the state system of England at our club.

B

1. There are no students in the cafe at this hour of the day.

2. I know that in this Institute there is no big conference hall.

3. There was no need for you to come here yesterday.

4. There were not any new expressions in that text.

5. There being no grounds for reviewing the case, the Court of Appeal refused the appeal.

C

1. Is there a big conference hall in your Institute?

2. Are there many students in your group who are not Moscovites?

3. Were there many exams at your department last term?

4. Was there a student’s conference at your Institute last month?

5. Will there be a meeting at your department tomorrow?

D

1. Is there a good laboratory in your Institute? – Yes, there is.

2. Are there many English books in your library? – Yes, there are.

3. Are there any industrial enterprises in the centre of Moscow? – No, there are not.

4. What is there near your house? – There is a large park.

5. How many students are there in your group? – There are twenty-six.

6. A few days ago there was a storm. There was a lot of damage.

7. The journey took a long time. There was a lot of traffic.

Задание 17. Заполните пропуски глаголами в форме Present Simple или Past Simple. Задайте вопросы к полученным предложениям.

1. There (___________) three witnesses for the prosecution.

2. (______________) there any definite charge against him?

3. (______________) there any supreme judges in your country?

4. There (______________) police all around the house.

5. His mother said: “New-York? There (______________) drug-dealers at every corner in that city! Don’t go there!!”

6. There (______________) criminal’s four sisters in the court, all crying.

Задание 18. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. When there is merely mens rea, there is no crime at all.

2. There is no law imposing upon them the strict duty to distribute economic aid to developing nations.

3. There may be a genuine uncertainty about the facts (about the law).

4. There is a breach of the peace whenever a person who is lawfully carrying out his work is unlawfully and physically prevented by another from doing it.

5. A warrant shows that there is reasonable cause to believe that an arrest able offence has been committed by the person named in the warrant.