Шіглви для самостійної роботи

Exercise 1. Remember the vocabulary and read the text.

The tail assembly, or empennage, is the rear part of an airplane. It lu-lps guide the plane and keep it balanced in flight. Most tail і icmblies consist of a vertical fin and rudder and a horizontal stabilizer шиї elevator. The fin stands upright and does not move. It keeps the rear ■ .I I lie plane from swinging to the left or right. The rudder is hinged to 11H rear edge of the fin and can be moved from side to side. It helps the plane during a turn.

I he stabilizer is like a small wing in the tail. It prevents the tail In mi bobbing up and down and so keep the plane flying in a steady hori- /iiiiiiil direction. The elevator is hinged to the rear edge of the stabilizer. \ |ulni moves the elevator up or down to raise or lower the plane's nose.

Most airplanes built today have a stabilator instead of a stabilizer міні an elevator. A stabilator is a single solid unit that moves up or down Almost all planes have a trim tab on the elevator or stabilator, піні mimic have a trim tab on the rudder.

I ig. 4. Light amphibia hydroplane with the floats under the wing.

I'uil assemblies have various shapes and arrangements. On some planes. Ihe fin and rudder stand up-right at a right angle to the fuselage, і 'и oilier planes, they slant back at a sharp angle. Most jet planes with ■ iipines at the rear of the fuselage have their horizontal stabilizer and • h mi lor mounted across or near the top of a tall vertical fin and rudder.

' light airplanes have a V-assembly. This type of tail consists of two

I in і in a V-shape with an elevator and a trim tab attached to each fin.

iltlht angle прямий кут slant back відхилятися назад

tlntrp ungle гострий кут trim tab тример

Exercise 2. Answer the following questions.

1. What are the words to name rear part of an airplane?

2. What does the tail assembly help to do?

3. What do most tail assemblies consist of?

4. What is the fin?

   2. What is the stabilator?

   3. What is the rudder?

Exercise 3. Put much, many, little, few, a little or few.

1. He had . . . English books at home, so he had to go to the for more books.

2. She gave him . . . water to wash his hands and face.

3. I'll like to say . . . words about my journey on Airbus.

4. After the flight everybody felt. . . tired.

5. Let's stay here . . .longer: it is such a nice place.

6. There were . . . new words in the text, and Peter spent . . learning them.

Lesson 5

ВИВЧЕННЯ ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЇ ЗА ТЕМОЮ МОДУЛЯ

Exercise 1. Learn the vocabulary and read the text.

The landing gear, or undercarriage, consists of the wheels or Hunts upon which an airplane moves on the ground or water. The luniling gear also supports the weight of a plane on the ground or water.

I .and planes have two main types of landing gear. In some light phiiics, il consists of two wheels under the front part of the fuselage and її iluid wheel under the tail. Almost all other airplanes have a tricycle Іііміііііц gear. On light planes, it consists of a wheel under the nose and luo wheels under the mid fuselage or one under each wing. Many large пи pintles have a tricycle landing gear made up of a main gear with as шину us 12 wheels under each of the wings and a nose gear with one or hvi> wheels.

I anding gear may be fixed or retractable. A fixed landing gear Minimis extended in flight, which slows down the speed of the plane. Мімі high-speed planes retract (bring up) the wheels into either the и ni|f. or the fuselage after take-off.

I Iic watertight body of a flying boat serves as both landing gear

I rnb floats serve as the landing gear for floatplanes. Amphibians,

піп. її і an operate from land of water, have retractable wheels in their Hniili or hull.

phlbum амфібія hull поплавок, корпус

ІЬніІрІшіе гідроплан tricycle триколісний

Ці ці І пошіавок retract забирати, втягувати

ІПМІІ човник wheel колесо

І \crcise 2. Answer the questions.

I) What does the landing gear consist of?

') What function does landing gear perform?

I) What is a tricycle landing gear?

I) What is the difference between fixed and retractable landing

MHtl ?

thousandth, the five thousand two hundred and fiftieth, the three hundred and ninety seven thousandth.

ГІри утворенні порядкових числівників fifth, twelfth буква v у кількісних числівників fifth, twelfth змінюється на f, а буква е випускається.

У числівнику eight випускаєігься буква t: eight - eighth.

У числівнику nine випускається буква е: nine - ninth.

До числівників, які закінчуються на -ty, додається суфікс - eht, а буква у змінюється на і: thirty - tliirtieth, fifty - fiftieth та ін.

У складених порядкових числівниках лише останній набуває форми порядкового: the two hundred and thirty fifth.

Перед порядковим числівником ставиться означений артикль: the first, the tenth.

Позначення номерів може здійснюватися двома шляхами - за допомогою порядкових або кількісних числівників: the first lesson або lesson one, the third paragraph або paragraph three.

Зверніть увагу: page 20 - page twenty, room 5 - room five. Якщо перед порядковим числівником стоїть неозначений артшсль, цей числівник набуває додаткового значення - ще один: We bought a second chair.

Десяткові дроби (decimal fractions) розділяються крапкою (point) 9.5 nine point five - дев'ять цілих п'ять десятих; 6.75 six point seven five - шість цілих п'ять десятих.

Прості дроби (vulgar fractions) читаються так, як і в українській мові - знаменник - кількісний числівник, а числівник - порядковий.

Vz - a (one) half

^ХЛ - a (one) quarter, one-fourth

3 % - three and three quarters (fourths)

5 Vz - five and a half.

Читання дат.

April 10 1979 a) April the tenth, nineteen seventy nine;

b) The tenth of April, nineteen seventy-nine.

June 22 1809 a) June the twenty second, eighteen zero nine;

b) The twenty second of June, eighteen о nine.

Нуль читається як zero, о [ou] або nought [no:t].

І Іарні числівники - even numbers; непарні числівники - odd ihiiuIkts. Просте математичне число - prime number, комплексне чиї ло complex number. Зворотні дроби - reciprocal fractions. І Іийпростіші математичні дії:

Додавання (Addition): 3+5=8 we add three to five and get eight і її і In ue and five equals eight. Or three, and five is (are) eight.

Піднімання (subtraction): 9-5=4 we substract five from nine and gi І lour or we take away five from nine. Or five from nine is four.

Множення (multiplication): 4x5=20 we multiply four by five and U< і twenty or four times five is twenty. Or four fives is twenty. Or four multiplied by five is twenty.

Ділення (Division): 20:4=5 we divide twenty by four and get 11 \ і Or twenty divided by four is five.

(' гупінь 5³ =125 Five to the power of three is 125. V4- squire root of 4.

Fxercise 1. Read the follov/irig numbers:

I 40. 15, 101; 452; 3,250; 973,000, 1925(рік); 1000,000; 5,943,267; /If '5 6.9; 7.85; 0.

Exorcise 2. Write the following cardinal numbers.

1. І ' 17; 21; 55; 324; 1104; 2006 (рік); 84,845; 1064 (рік); 1 000 000; і\ ЛУ«; 1.25; 0.5.

I vcrcise 3. Write the following ordinal numbers.

»1H VMM); 3; 15; 23; 1,000,000; 6,573; 9,603; 8; 54; 401.