IX. Прочитайте, перепишите и письменно переведите текст

THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

1. Over the past two centuries, the Constitution of the USA has had considerable influence outside the United States. Several other nations have based their own forms of government on it. The governmental systems in the United States – federal, state, county, and local – are quite easy to understand.

2. There are, however, several basic principles which are found at all levels of American government. One of these is the “ one person, one vote” principle which says that legislators are elected fron geographical districts directly by the voters. Under this principle all election districts must have about the same number of residents.

3. Another fundamental principle of American government is the system of check and balances. For example, the House of Representatives controls finance, so the President must have its agreeement for his proposals and programs. He cannot declare war, either, without the approval of Congress.

4. The federal and state governments were designed to serve the people and to carry out their majority wishes. Americans expect their governments to serve them and tend to think of politicians and governmental officials as their servants. This attitude remains very strong among Americans today.

Х. Ответьте письменно на следующие вопросы:

1. What does the principle “one person, one vote” mean?

2. What is the principle of the system of checks and balances ?

3. What attitude among Americans today remains very strong and why?

Вариант V

I. Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните в них слова, оформленные окончанием -s, и определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются эти слова и какую функцию выполняет это окончание, т.е. служит ли оно:

а) показателем 3-го лица единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite;

б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного;

в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного.

Переведите предложения на русский язык

1. The investigating officer's duty is to protect objects which may bear fingerprints.

2. The policemen aprehended the robbers. One of the suspect’s name was John Blake.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения, найдите и подчеркните в них группу имени существительного. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именем существительным

1. The Criminal Justice process in the United States consists of several steps.

2. The Civil Rihgts Movement in the 1960s led to action and protest in many areas in the USA.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, подчеркните их и переведите предложения на русский язык

1. The right to trial by a jury is one of the most important rights of the citizens and is guaranteed by the Constitution of the USA.

2. Criminal cases are more difficult and complicated than the civil ones.

IV. Перепишите следующие предложения, найдите в них и подчеркните неопределенные и отрицательные местоимения. Переведите предложения на русский язык

1. Some famous jurists define a ''crime'' as an act of violating the law of the state.

2. No student in our group took part in that conference last month.

V. Перепишите следующие предложения, употребив нужную форму личных и притяжательных местоимений. Переведите предложения на русский язык

1. (Я) shall go for a walk as soon as I finish (мою) work.

2. (Они) will tell (нам) about (своих) future plans.

3. When (он) gives a lecture in Criminalistics (мы) shall listen to (ее) with great interest.

4. (Его) sister told (мне) that (она) would study medicine at the Collage.

5. Some of (нас) work as divisional inspectors in militia.

VI. Перепишите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод предложений, содержащих конструкцию there is / are

1. I am not sure if there will be any witnesses of the crime.

2. As there was much evidence to prove his guilt, the accused had to confess.

VII. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык

1. Anyone who is an American citizen, at least 18 years of age, and is registered to vote may vote.

2. According to British laws a person cannot be tried twice or more times on the same charge.

VIII. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык

1. One of the most detailed ancient legal codes was drawn up in about 1758 B.C. by Hammurabi, a king of Babilonia.

2. The seminar in Criminal Procedure will take place next week.

3. We passed four exams last term and now we are the second-year students.