IX. Прочитайте, перепишите и письменно переведите текст

THE STATE

1. The state is a product of society at a definite stage of its development. Privite property divides men and allows them to exploit each other and in this way class contradictions begin. The special machinery created by the class of exploiters – the state helps them to keep order.

2. In a class society the state is an instrument of political power of the ruling class. The state is a system of official institutions and organs. This system of organs is the machinery of government, the stae machine. This machine includes such organs as the army, the police and the courts.

3. The other part of the state machine consists of the system of state organs including the chief of the state (an individual or collective), parliament, government, departments and other organs. These organs are political; they are the organs of state power of ruling class. The Constitution, legislation or traditions regulate the power of each state organ. Different types of states have different function. That’s why we speak about state only as the historical category.

Х. Ответьте письменно на следующие вопросы:

1. What purpose was the state created for?

2. What does the state consist of ?

Вариант X

I. Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните в них слова, оформленные окончанием -s, и определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются эти слова и какую функцию выполняет это окончание, т.е. служит ли оно:

а) показателем 3-го лица единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite;

б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного;

в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного.

Переведите предложения на русский язык

1. The Magistrates’ Courts of this country are presided over by Justices of Peace.

2. The laws enables us to go out in daylight without fear ar being robbed, kidnapped or murdered.

3. The roots of the handicapped rights movement stem from the period after World War II.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения, найдите и подчеркните в них группу имени существительного. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именем существительным

1. The law extends the protections embodied in the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to people with physical and mental disabilities.

2. Many communities across the nation have started their own campaigns against crime, encouraging their citizens to participate in crime-prevention programs.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, подчеркните их и переведите предложения на русский язык

1. In many countries the highest juridical decisions are made by a Supreme Court.

2. The imperfect laws are better than none.

IV. Пeрепишите следующие предложения, найдите в них и подчеркните неопределенные и отрицательные местоимения. Переведите предложения на русский язык

1. No nation which does not have an informed populace in jurisprudence can be strong and free.

2. Some laws are descriptive and some laws are prescriptive.

V. Перепишите следующие предложения, употребив нужную форму личных и притяжательных местоимений. Переведите предложения на русский язык

1. If (ты) want to have an idea of the English Constitution law, (тебе) should study numerous documents.

2. The Juvenile Inspection handles “ difficult “ juveniles and (их) careless parents.

3. The article was very interesting and important for (нас) and (мы) could use (ее) in (нашем) report.

4. If (я) am free on Sunday, (мы) will go to the Art Museum.

5. In (ее) Institute the students are taught English, French and German.

VI. Перепишите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод предложений, содержащих конструкцию there is / are

1. There are several basic principles which are found at all levels of American government.

2. There was an interesting artile about the crime-prevention in Russia in the newspaper yesterday.

VII. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык

1. Parents should allow their children to choose what film to watch and what book to read.

2. A specialist may be invited to conduct an investigatory experiment.

VIII. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык

1. Each country in the world, even each state of the United States, has its own system of law.

2. Since it is his first offence, he will not be sent to prison but put on probation for 6 months.

3. The seminar in Criminal Procedure took place last week.