Практическое занятие 8.

Задание 1.

Прочитайте текст и разметьте его следующим образом:

А) подчеркните те слова и выражения, которые вы знаете настолько хорошо, что вам не нужно над ними задумываться;

Б) обведите кружочком те слова и выражения, которые вам, в общем-то знакомы, но в которых вы не полностью уверены, так что вам возможно понадобится свериться со словарем или другим источником;

В) обведите прямоугольником слова и предложения, которые вам совершенно незнакомы.

Теперь посмотрите на свои пометки и спрогнозируйте, какую роль сыграет интуиция при переводе слов и выражений из разных категорий. Наконец, проверьте несколько обведенных кружком или прямоугольником фрагментов в словаре или другой справочной литературе и проследите, какую роль интуиция играет на самом деле при вашем выборе из нескольких предлагаемых вариантов самого правильного, точного и лучшего.

A shared-memory multiprocessor (or just multiprocessor henceforth) is a computer system in which two or more CPUs share full access to a common RAM. A program running on any of the CPUs sees a normal (usually paged) virtual address space. The only unusual property this system has is that the CPU can write some value into a memory word and then read the word back and get a different value (because another CPU has changed it). When organized correctly, this property forms the basis of interprocessor communication: one CPU writes some data into memory and another one reads the data out. For the most part, multiprocessor operating systems are just regular operating systems. They handle system calls, do memory management, provide a file system, and manage I/O devices. Nevertheless, there are some areas in which they have unique features. These include process synchronization, resource management, and scheduling. Below we will first take a brief look at multiprocessor hardware and then move on to these operating systems issues.

Задание 2. Переведите текст.

Can Microsoft make its future mobile?

You want a phone that can do it all? Internet, music, photos, films, documents, texting, instant messaging, diary, contacts and ... err ... phone calls? Then a smartphone is right for you. But as the market for high-end mobiles gets ever more crowded, which should you pick? The global market leader, Symbian, makes the software that runs most of Nokia's smart phones (and a few others). Research in Motion with its e-mail friendly Blackberry devices has cornered the corporate market and is pushing into the consumer space. Apple is minting it with its sleek but expensive iPhone. And only a few months ago internet search giant Google entered the field with its Linux-based Android software, designed to power internet-savvy mobile phones.

Oh, and then there is Microsoft. For years the giant of desktop computing has tried to push into the mobile phone market - not without success, but ultimately remaining a niche player. Two things held Microsoft back in the past: technology and usability. For years mobile phone technology simply wasn't advanced enough to play to the strengths of devices that were actually mini computers. Windows Mobile and other smartphones were held back because they had to "live with the hardware capabilities of the past; key pieces were missing," says Andy Lees, the boss of Microsoft's Mobile Communications group.

Like all microcomputers masquerading as phones, Windows smartphones are power hungry. Intense usage - phone calls, web browsing, music and office applications - quickly drains the battery. Here at least Windows devices can play a trump card over Apple's iPhone: their batteries are not sealed in and can be swapped easily for back-ups. Take the most accomplished Windows mobile tested for this article, Sony Ericsson's Xperia X1. Its user interface can be changed with a couple of clicks to fit the owner's priorities of the moment - search, work or play.

The ease of synchronising diaries, documents and email with PCs is indeed a key selling point of Windows mobile devices, one that Microsoft executives are eager to underline as they list the synchronisation and compatibility woes encountered by owners of iPhones and Nokia smartphones. Smartphones are expensive, regardless whether they run on Windows, Linux, Symbian or the iPhone's OS X, because it is hardware like the touchscreen that is driving up the cost. That pushes the price of many such phones beyond $300 (£202) - before the network operator's subsidy - and a market share of just 7%.

Arguably the most promising Linux phone is T-Mobile's G1, designed and built by HTC and running Google's Android software. For a first stab at an Android phone, the G1 is a very accomplished piece of kit. With an easy to use touchscreen that swivels away to reveal a full (albeit slightly uncomfortable) keyboard, GPS perfectly integrated with Google Maps and an excellent browser, the bulky G1 could be a winner.

Android, however, has a number of drawbacks. Like Apple, Google offers a "marketplace" of applications to customise your phone. The problem is the open source culture of this widgets. Think Firefox (the browser) extensions gone bad. Most applications have whacky names, poorly worded descriptions and strange customer reviews that will leave G1 owners doubtful whether they should really click the download button - not least as some apps come with a price tag. More importantly, key software is missing. The G1 cannot be synchronised with a computer's phonebook or diary. Google executives promise that one day Android's marketplace will deliver, but until then Microsoft's Andy Lees will be able to claim that Android is "a lot less functional" than Windows Mobile.