- •Правила чтения Характеристика звуков
- •Буква х читается как глухой звук [ks]: text; звонкий звук [gz] читается, когда буква X находится между двумя гласными перед ударным слогом: examine.
- •Чтение английских гласных букв в открытом положении
- •Грамматика Личные местоимения (Personal Pronouns)
- •Повелительное наклонение (The Imperative Mood)
- •Grammar exercises
- •1. Read and translate the sentences. Pay attention to the use of the Imperative Mood, the Direct and Indirect Object.
- •2. Rewrite the sentences in the negative.
- •3. Translate into English.
- •Глагол to be в настоящем времени (Verb to be in the Present Simple)
- •Grammar exercises
- •4. Read and translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the use of the verb to be. Pronounce correctly the contracted forms of the verb to be.
- •6. Make the sentences positive or negative. Use am/am not/is/is not/are/are not.
- •7. Translate into English.
- •Употребление артикля (Usage of Articles)
- •Grammar exercises
- •8. Read, translate and explain the usage of the articles.
- •9. Put in a/an or the where necessary.
- •10. Translate into English.
- •Множественное число существительных (Plural of Nouns)
- •Grammar exercises
- •12. Rewrite in plural.
- •14. Translate into English.
- •Общие и альтернативные вопросы (General and Alternative Questions)
- •Grammar exercises
- •15. Give positive or negative short answers.
- •16. Ask questions. Use am, is, are.
- •17. Ask alternative questions using the words in brackets.
- •Специальные вопросы (Special Questions)
- •Разделительные вопросы (Tag questions)
- •Grammar exercises
- •18. Fill in the blanks. Translate into Russian.
- •20. Put questions to the words in bold.
- •21. Translate into English.
- •Причастие настоящего времени (Participle I)
- •Grammar exercises
- •22. Form the Participle I from the following verbs. Translate into Russian.
- •23. Translate into English.
- •24. Translate these sentences into Russian.
- •Настоящее продолженное время (The Present Continuous Tense)
- •Grammar exercises
- •25. Read and translate the sentences. Make them negative and interrogative.
- •27. Put the verbs in the correct form of the Present Continuous Tense. Translate the sentences.
- •28. Give positive or negative short answers.
- •29. Translate into English.
- •Word building
- •Active Vocabulary
- •35. Read and translate the following text. About myself
- •Text and vocabulary exercises
- •37. Find the English equivalents for the following Russian words:
- •38. Choose the right variant according to the text.
- •39. Find in the text equivalents to the following phrases:
- •40 Answer the following questions.
- •Unit II Правила чтения Характеристика звуков
- •Чтение английских гласных букв в закрытом положении с последующей буквой r (III тип чтения):
- •Чтение английских гласных букв в открытом положении с последующей буквой r (iVтип чтения):
- •В закрытом положении гласные читаются по первому типу чтения (как в алфавите):
- •Грамматика Притяжательные местоимения (Possessive Pronouns)
- •Указательные местоимения (Possessive Pronouns)
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Put the necessary pronouns.
- •II. Fill in the blanks with my/your/his/her/its….
- •III. Open the brackets.
- •IV. Complete the sentences.
- •V. Translate into English.
- •Притяжательный падеж (Possessive Case)
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Read and translate.
- •II. Choose the right variant.
- •III. Complete the sentences. Use –‘s or of.
- •IV. Translate into Russian.
- •Глагол to have (got) в настоящем времени
- •Grammar exercise
- •II. Put the verb to have (got) in the correct form. Read and translate.
- •IV. Translate into English.
- •I. Look at the following international words, guess their meaning and check the pronunciation:
- •Word building
- •II. Translate the following derivative words:
- •III. Form the words using suffixes:
- •IV. Suggest the Russian equivalents for the following phrases:
- •Active Vocabulary
- •V. Read and memorize the following words and word combinations:
- •VI. Read and translate the following text. Name the main stages of education in Russia. Education in Russia
- •Text and vocabulary exercises
- •VII. Are the following statements true or false? Correct the false ones.
- •XIV. Fill in the blanks with prepositions and adverbs where necessary.
- •XI. Speak on the topic “Departure and arrival,” use the following words and word combinations:
- •Unit III Правила чтения Характеристика звуков
- •Грамматика Настоящее неопределенное время (The Present Indefinite Tense)
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Write the 3. Person singular of the following verbs.
- •II. Complete the sentences using the following verbs:
- •III. Choose the right variant.
- •IV. Translate these sentences, make them negative and interrogative.
- •V. Put questions to the words in bold:
- •VI. Which is right? Complete the sentences. Translate into Russian.
- •VII. Translate into Russian.
- •Конструкция there is / are
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the usage of the construction there is / are.
- •II. Put in there is / there isn’t / is there? / there are / there aren’t / are there?
- •III. Put in there or it.
- •IV. Translate into English.
- •Неопределенные местоимения some, any, every, no и их производные (Indefinite Pronouns: some, any, every, no and their derivatives)
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Put in a/an/the/some where necessary.
- •II. Read, translate and explain the use of the Indefinite Pronouns.
- •III. Choose the write variant: somebody/everybody/anything/somewhere/anybody, etc. Translate into Russian.
- •IV. Translate into English.
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Read and translate.
- •II. Put in the right preposition if necessary.
- •III. Correct the prepositions if necessary.
- •IV. Translate into English.
- •Word building
- •Active Vocabulary
- •VI. Read and translate the following text to name the main stages of education in Great Britain. Education in Great Britain
- •Text and vocabulary exercises
- •VII. Match each word in a with the Russian equivalent in b:
- •VIII. Find in the text equivalents to the following phrases:
- •IX. Make up questions to which the following sentences are the answers.
- •XIV. Listen to the conversation again. What synonymic words or expressions are used in the dialogue instead of those given in italics:
- •Unit IV Правила чтения Гласные буквы, отражающие в открытом положении краткие гласные звуки:
- •Грамматика
- •Особые случаи образования степеней сравнения прилагательных и наречий
- •Использование слов much / many, little / few, a little / a few
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Give the comparative and superlative degrees:
- •II. Choose the write variant. Translate the sentences.
- •III. Insert the appropriate form of the adjective given in brackets:
- •IV. Choose the right word.
- •V. Translate into Russian.
- •The Present Simple and the Present Continuous Tenses (Revision)
- •I. Put in am/is/are/do/don’t/does/doesn’t. Translate into Russian.
- •II. Replace the infinitives given in brackets by the Present Simple or the Present Continuous:
- •III. Are the verbs write or wrong? Correct them where necessary.
- •IV. Use the words in brackets to write sentences. All the sentences are future. Use the Present Continuous or Present Simple.
- •V. Translate into English.
- •Конструкция to be going to
- •Grammar exercises
- •II. Ask questions to the words in bold.
- •III. Translate into English.
- •I. Look at the following international words, guess their meaning and practice the pronunciation:
- •Word building
- •Active Vocabulary
- •VI. Read and memorize the following words and word combinations:
- •VII. Read and translate the following text. Entitle each paragraph. Russia’s Top Universities
- •Text and vocabulary exercises
- •VIII. Find in text the situations in which the following word combinations are used:
- •IX. Fill in the gaps with the words from the text:
- •XI. Give a short summery of the text “Russia’s Top Universities”. Use the plan below to compose your own story about the university in which you study:
- •XIII. Listen to the dialogue “At the hotel”. Be ready to answer the following questions:
- •XIV. What is the difference between:
- •XII. Speak on the topic “At the hotel”, use the following words and word combinations:
- •Unit V Правила чтения Чтение сочетаний гласных с согласными
- •Grammar
- •Прошедшее неопределенное время (The Past Indefinite Tense)
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Give the past form of the verbs, arrange them according to the pronunciation of the endings:
- •II. Replace the infinitives given in brackets by the Past Simple. Translate the sentences.
- •III. 1. Make up questions and answers from the following words.
- •2. Make up questions and answer them:
- •3. Put general, alternative, disjunctive questions to the following sentences:
- •IV. Put the verbs in the correct form of the Past Simple (positive, negative or question).
- •V. Put in there was / there, wasn’t / was there? / there weren’t / were there?
- •VI. Use the present simple, the present continuous or the past simple. Translate into Russian.
- •VII. Which question word is used to put the question to the bold word or expression?
- •VIII. Translate into English.
- •Местоимение other и его производные (other and its derivatives – another, the others, others)
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Read, translate and explain the usage of the word other and its derivatives.
- •II. Choose the right variant.
- •Причастие прошедшего времени (The Past Participle)
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Write three forms of the following verbs.
- •II. Translate into Russian.
- •III. Translate into English.
- •I (you, we, you, they) have worked. He (she, it) has worked.
- •I (you, we, you, they) have not (haven’t) worked. He (she, it) has not (hasn’t) worked.
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Read and translate.
- •II. Make up sentences, use the following word combinations:
- •IV Write for or since. Translate into Russian.
- •V. Put the verb in the Present Perfect or the Past Simple:
- •VI. Choose the form of the Participle in each sentence.
- •VII. Translate into English.
- •I. Look at the following international words, guess their meaning and check the pronunciation:
- •Word building
- •II. Translate the following derivative words:
- •Active vocabulary
- •Text and vocabulary exercises
- •VIII. Find in the text the words or phrases which mean the same as:
- •IX. Fill in the gaps with the words from the box:
- •X. Answer the following questions.
- •XI. Read and translate the text below to learn about the main city of Russia. Moscow
- •XIII. Say whether the following statements are true or false. Correct the false ones.
- •XIV. Work with a partner. Ask and answer questions to the text using words and word combinations below:
- •Unit VI
- •I. Read, pronounce the following words and word combinations correctly:
- •Grammar Будущее неопределенное время (The Future Indefinite Tense)
- •I (we) shall (‘ll) come tomorrow. You (he, she, it, you, they) will (‘ll) come tomorrow.
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Fill in the blanks. Translate into Russian.
- •II. Replace the infinitives given in brackets by the Future Simple or the Present Simple:
- •III. Choose the write variant.
- •IV. Put the verbs into correct tense.
- •V. Translate into English.
- •Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты (The Modal Verbs and their equivalents)
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Read and translate into Russian.
- •III. Ask questions and give short answers.
- •IV. Translate into English.
- •V. Read, translate, pay attention to the usage of modal verb can and its equivalent.
- •VI. Fill in: can / to be able to
- •VII. Read and translate, pay attention to the usage of modal verb may and its equivalent.
- •VIII. A) Read and translate.
- •IX. Chose the correct variant. Translate into Russian.
- •X. Translate into English.
- •I. Look at the following international words, guess their meaning and check the pronunciation:
- •Word building
- •II. Translate the following derivative words:
- •III. Define to what parts of speech the following words belong:
- •IV. Translate into Russian the following phrases:
- •Active Vocabulary
- •V. Read and memorize the following words and word combinations:
- •Text and vocabulary exercises
- •VII. Find in the text the words or phrases which mean the same as:
- •VIII. Choose among the words the one that corresponds to the text above to complete the sentences:
- •XIII. Listen to the dialogue “Shopping”.
- •XIV. Decide which of the following statements are true and which are false. Correct the false ones.
- •Unit VII
- •I. Read, pronounce the following words and word combinations correctly:
- •Grammar Прошедшее длительное время (The Past Continuous Tense)
- •I (he, she, it) was working. We (you, they) were working.
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Open the brackets, put the verbs into the correct form, the Past Continuous.
- •II. Replace the infinitives given in brackets by the Past Simple or the Past Continuous:
- •III. Choose the write variant.
- •IV. Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.
- •V. Find the sentence in the form, the Past Continuous.
- •VI. Translate into English.
- •Revision exercises
- •I. Open the brackets, put the verbs into the correct form.
- •II. Ask questions to the word in bold.
- •III. Ask general, alternative and disjunctive questions.
- •IV. Translate into English.
- •Word building
- •Active Vocabulary
- •The United States of America
- •Text and vocabulary exercises
- •VII. Find in the text the words or phrases which mean the same as:
- •VIII. Complete the following sentences according to the text.
- •X. Give a short summery of the text “The United States of America.” Использованная литература
XI. Speak on the topic “Departure and arrival,” use the following words and word combinations:
I’m from … , first trip to, to be excited about, to go through customs, to fill out the forms, to leave the plane, to have a good trip, to get the cart, to cost, to have change, currency exchange, suitcase, to be embarrassed.
Unit III Правила чтения Характеристика звуков
При произнесении согласного звука [ŋ] задняя часть языка смыкается с твердым небом, рот открыт, воздух проходит через носовую полость. Подобного звука в русском языке нет.
|
Звуки |
Буквосочетания |
Правила чтения и примеры |
|
[ŋ] [ŋg] [ŋk] |
ng ng nk |
В конце слова: king, sing, song, long В середине слова: English, angle В конце слова: link, pink, think |
Прочитайте: living, hoping, sitting, smiling, England, single, bank, tank, rank, thank, strong.
Звуковое значение английских буквосочетаний:
ck → [k]: sick, cock;
wr в начале слова произносится как [r]: write;
Буквосочетания kn, gn → [n]: gnat, know;
mb, mn в конце слова произносится как звук [m]: lamb, autumn;
ci (si, ti) + гласная → [ʃ]: Asia, specialist;
sion →[ʃn]: pension, tension.
Примечание. Если перед sion стоит гласная, это буквосочетание отражает сочетание звуков [ʒn]: explosion.
Буквосочетание ture произносится как [tʃ]: culture;
sure →[ʃ]: pressure.
Примечание. Если перед буквосочетанием sure стоит гласная, то оно отражает звук [ʒ]: exposure.
tion → [ʃn]: nation, position.
Прочитайте: wrong, lecture, election, mission, tonsure, emission, measure, knight, corrosion, lock, nation, pleasure, bomb, future, limb, pollution, hymn, erosion, clock, function, treasure, session.
Грамматика Настоящее неопределенное время (The Present Indefinite Tense)
Настоящее неопределённое время (the Present Indefinite Tense) употребляется для обозначения обычных, регулярно повторяющихся или постоянных действий, которые происходят в настоящее время, но они не привязаны к моменту речи, например:
The lectures at the Institute begin at 9 o'clock. Лекции в институте начинаются в 9 часов. The Earth goes around the Sun. Земля вращается вокруг Солнца.
С глаголами в этом времени часто употребляются такие наречия, как always всегда, often часто, seldom редко, usually обычно, never никогда, sometimes иногда, every day каждый день и т.д.
Present Indefinite употребляется также для обозначения будущих действий, когда речь идет о расписаниях, программах и т.д.:
The football game starts at 2.00. Футбольный матч начинается в 2.00. Tomorrow is Friday. Завтра пятница.
Утвердительная форма образуется от инфинитива (неопределенной формы) глагола без частицы to (V). В 3-м лице единственного числа прибавляется окончание –s или –es (V-s). Правила прибавления суффикса -s (-es) к основе глагола полностью совпадают с правилами прибавления суффикса -s (-es) множественного числа к основе существительного. Например: I (you / we / they) live in Minsk. My friend (he, she, it) lives in a hostel.
Вопросительная и отрицательная формы глагола в Present Indefinite:
|
Do I (you / we / they) live in Minsk? Does he (she / it) live in a hostel? Where do I (you / we / they) live? Where does he (she / it) live? Who lives in a hostel? (вопрос к подлежащему) He lives in a hostel, doesn’t he? |
I (you / we / they) do not live in Minsk I (you / we / they) don’t live …. He (she / it) does not live in Minsk. He (she / it) doesn’t live …. |
Краткие ответы: Yes, I (you / we / they) do. No, I (you / we / they) do not (don’t).
Yes, he (she / it) does. No, he (she / it) does not (doesn’t).