Abrasion Resistance

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Санкт-Петербургский государственный электротехнический университет "ЛЭТИ"

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Shackelford J.F.Material science and engineering handbook.2001.pdf

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Table 208. ABRASION RESISTANCE OF POLYMERS

(SHEET 1 OF 2)

		Abrasion Resistance
		(Taber, CS—17 wheel,
		ASTM D1044)
Class	Polymer	(mg / 1000 cycles)


Fluorocarbons;	Polytriﬂuoro chloroethylene	0.008 (g/cycle)
Molded,Extruded	(PTFCE)	0.008 (g/cycle)
Molded,Extruded	(PTFCE)
	Polyvinylidene— ﬂuoride (PVDF)	0.0006—0.0012
	Polyvinylidene— ﬂuoride (PVDF)	(g/cycle)
		(g/cycle)
Polycarbonates	Polycarbonate	10
	Polycarbonate (40% glass ﬁber	40
	reinforced)	40
	reinforced)
	Nylons; Molded, Extruded
	Type 6
	General purpose	5
	Cast	2.7
Nylons; Molded,	6/6 Nylon
Extruded	6/6 Nylon
Extruded
	General purpose molding	3—8
	General purpose extrusion	3—5
PVC–Acrylic Alloy	PVC–acrylic sheet	0.073 (CS—10 wheel)
	PVC–acrylic injection molded	0.0058 (CS—10 wheel)
Polymides	Unreinforced	0.08
	Unreinforced 2nd value	0.004
	Glass reinforced	20
Polyacetals	Homopolymer:
	Standard	14—20
	20% glass reinforced	33
	22% TFE reinforced	9
	Copolymer:
	Standard	14
	25% glass reinforced	40
	High ﬂow	14

Source: data compiled by J.S. Park from Charles T. Lynch, CRC Handbook of Materials Science, Vol. 3, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1975 and Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol.2, Engineering Plastics, ASM International, Metals Park, Ohio, 1988.

Table 208. ABRASION RESISTANCE OF POLYMERS

(SHEET 2 OF 2)

		Abrasion Resistance
		(Taber, CS—17 wheel,
		ASTM D1044)
Class	Polymer	(mg / 1000 cycles)


Polyester;	Injection Moldings:
Thermoplastic	Injection Moldings:
Thermoplastic
	General purpose grade	6.5
	Glass reinforced grades	9—50
	Glass reinforced self extinguishing	11
Phenylene Oxides	SE—100	100
	SE—1	20
	Glass ﬁber reinforced	35
Phenylene oxides	Standard	20
(Noryl)	Standard	20
(Noryl)
Polyarylsulfone	Polyarylsulfone	40
Polystyrenes; Molded	Glass ﬁber -30% reinforced	164

Table 209. FATIGUE STRENGTH OF

WROUGHT ALUMINUM ALLOYS (SHEET 1 OF 4)

		Fatigue Strength
Alloy AA No.	Temper	(MPa)


1060	0	21
	H12	28
	H14	34
	H16	45
	H18	45
1100	0	34
	H12	41
	H14	48
	H16	62
	H18	62
1350	H19	48
2011	T3	125
	T8	125
2014	0	90
	T4	140
	T6	125
2024	0	90
	T3	140
	T4, T351	140
	T361	125
2036	T4	125
2048		220
2219	T62	105
	T81, T851	105
	T87	105
2618	All	125
3003	0	48
Alclad	H12	55

Source: data from ASM Metals Reference Book, Second Edition, American Society for Metals, Metals Park, Ohio 44073, (1984).

Table 209. FATIGUE STRENGTH OF

WROUGHT ALUMINUM ALLOYS (SHEET 2 OF 4)

		Fatigue Strength
Alloy AA No.	Temper	(MPa)


3003	H14	62
	H16	69
	H18	69
3004	0	97
Alclad	H32	105
3004	H34	105
	H36	110
	H38	110
4032	T6	110
5050	0	83
	H32	90
	H34	90
	H36	97
	H38	97
5052	0	110
	H32	115
	H34	125
	H36	130
	H38	140
5056	0	140
	H18	150
	H38	150
5083	H321	160
5154	0	115
	H32	125
	H34	130
	H36	140
	H38	145
	H112	115
5182	0	140
5254	0	115

Source: data from ASM Metals Reference Book, Second Edition, American Society for Metals, Metals Park, Ohio 44073, (1984).

Table 209. FATIGUE STRENGTH OF

WROUGHT ALUMINUM ALLOYS (SHEET 3 OF 4)

		Fatigue Strength
Alloy AA No.	Temper	(MPa)


5254	H32	125
	H34	130
	H36	140
	H38	145
	H112	115
5652	0	110
	H32	115
	H34	125
	H36	130
	H38	140
6005	T1	97
	T5	97
6009	T4	115
6010	T4	115
6061	0	62
	T4, T451	97
	T6, T651	97
6063	0	55
	T1	62
	T5	69
	T6	69
6066	T6, T651	110
6070	0	62
	T4	90
	T6	97
6205	T5	105
6262	T9	90
6351	T6	90

Source: data from ASM Metals Reference Book, Second Edition, American Society for Metals, Metals Park, Ohio 44073, (1984).

Table 209. FATIGUE STRENGTH OF

WROUGHT ALUMINUM ALLOYS (SHEET 4 OF 4)

		Fatigue Strength
Alloy AA No.	Temper	(MPa)


6463	T1	69
	T5	69
	T6	69
7005	T53	140
	T6,T63,T6351	125
7049	T73	295
7050	T736	240
7075	T6,T651	160
7175	T66	160
	T736	160
7475	T7351	220

Source: data from ASM Metals Reference Book, Second Edition, American Society for Metals, Metals Park, Ohio 44073, (1984).

Table 210. REVERSED BENDING FATIGUE LIMIT OF

GRAY CAST IRON BARS

	Reversed Bending Fatigue Limit
ASTM Class	(MPa)


20	69
25	79
30	97
35	110
40	128
50	148
60	169

Source: data from ASM Metals Reference Book, Second Edition, American Society for Metals, Metals Park, Ohio 44073, p166-167, (1984).

Table 211. IMPACT ENERGY OF TOOL STEELS

(SHEET 1 OF 2)

		Impact Energy
Type	Condition	(J)


L2	Oil quenched from 855 ˚C and single tempered at:
	205 ˚C	28(a)
	315 ˚C	19(a)
	425 ˚C	26(a)
	540 ˚C	39(a)
	650 ˚C	125(a)
L6	Annealed	93 HRB
	Oil quenched from 845 ˚C and single tempered at:
	315 ˚C	12(a)
	425 ˚C	18(a)
	540 ˚C	23(a)
	650 ˚C	81(a)
S1	Oil quenched from 930 ˚C and single tempered at:
	205 ˚C	249(b)
	315 ˚C	233(b)
	425 ˚C	203(b)
	540 ˚C	230(b)
	650 ˚C
S5	Oil quenched from 870 ˚C and single tempered at:
	205 ˚C	206(b)
	315 ˚C	232(b)
	425 ˚C	243(b)
	540 ˚C	188(b)
	650 ˚C

(a)Charpy V-notch.

(b)Charpy unnotched.

Source: Data from ASM Metals Reference Book, Second Edition, American Society for Metals, Metals Park, Ohio 44073, p241, (1984).

Table 211. IMPACT ENERGY OF TOOL STEELS

(SHEET 2 OF 2)

		Impact Energy
Type	Condition	(J)


S7	Fan cooled from 940 ˚C and single tempered at:
	205 ˚C	244(b)
	315 ˚C	309(b)
	425 ˚C	243(b)
	540 ˚C	324(b)
	650 ˚C	358(b)

(a) Charpy V-notch.

(b) Charpy unnotched.

Source: Data from ASM Metals Reference Book, Second Edition, American Society for Metals, Metals Park, Ohio 44073, p241, (1984).

Table 212. IMPACT STRENGTH OF WROUGHT TITANIUM ALLOYS

AT ROOM TEMPERATURE

			Charpy Impact Strength
Class	Alloy	Condition	(J)


Commercially Pure	99.2Ti	Annealed	43
	99.1Ti	Annealed	38
	99.0 Ti	Annealed	20
	99.2Ti-0.2Pd	Annealed	43
Alpha Alloys	Ti-5Al-2.5Sn	Annealed	26
	Ti-5Al-2.5Sn (low O2)	Annealed	27
Near alpha alloys	Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V	Duplex Annealed	32
	Ti-6Al-2Nb-1Ta-1Mo	As rolled 2.5 cm (1 in.) plate	31
Alpha-Beta Alloys	Ti-6Al-4V	Annealed	19
	Ti-6Al-4V(low O2)	Annealed	24
	Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn	Annealed	18
	Ti-7Al-4Mo	Solution + age	18
Beta Alloys	Ti-13V-1Cr-3Al	Solution + age	11
	Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr	Solution + age	10

Data from ASM Metals Reference Book, Third Edition, Michael Bauccio, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, p512, (1993).

Table 213. IMPACT STRENGTH OF POLYMERS

(SHEET 1 OF 7)

		Impact Strength
		(Izod notched, ASTM D256)
Class	Polymer	(ft—lb / in.)


ABS Resins; Molded,	Medium impact	2.0—4.0
Extruded	Medium impact	2.0—4.0
Extruded
	High impact	3.0—5.0
	Very high impact	5.0—7.5
	Low temperature impact	6—10
	Heat resistant	2.0—4.0
Acrylics; Cast, Molded,	Cast Resin Sheets, Rods:
Extruded	Cast Resin Sheets, Rods:
Extruded
	General purpose, type I	0.4
	General purpose, type II	0.4
	Moldings:
	Grades 5, 6, 8	0.2—0.4
	High impact grade	0.8—2.3
Thermoset Carbonate	Allyl diglycol carbonate	0.2—0.4
Alkyds; Molded	Putty (encapsulating)	0.25—0.35
	Rope (general purpose)	2.2
	Granular (high speed	0.30—0.35
	molding)	0.30—0.35
	molding)
	Glass reinforced (heavy duty	8—12
	parts)	8—12
	parts)
Cellulose Acetate
Butyrate; Molded,	ASTM Grade:
Extruded
	H4	3
	MH	4.4—6.9
	S2	7.5—10.0

To convert ft—lb / in. to N•m/m, multiply by 53.38

Table 213. IMPACT STRENGTH OF POLYMERS

(SHEET 2 OF 7)

		Impact Strength
		(Izod notched, ASTM D256)
Class	Polymer	(ft—lb / in.)


Cellusose Acetate
Propionate; Molded,	ASTM Grade:
Extruded
	1	1.7—2.7
	3	3.5—5.6
	6	9.4
Chlorinated Polymers	Chlorinated polyether	0.4 (D758)
	Chlorinated polyvinyl	6.3
	chloride	6.3
	chloride
Polycarbonate	Polycarbonate	12—16
Diallyl Phthalates;	Orlon ﬁlled	0.5—1.2
Molded	Orlon ﬁlled	0.5—1.2
Molded
	Dacron ﬁlled	1.7—5.0
	Asbestos ﬁlled	0.30—0.50
	Glass ﬁber ﬁlled	0.5—15.0
Fluorocarbons;	Polytriﬂuoro chloroethylene	3.50—3.62
Molded,Extruded	(PTFCE)	3.50—3.62
Molded,Extruded	(PTFCE)
	Polytetraﬂuoroethylene	2.0—4.0
	(PTFE)	2.0—4.0
	(PTFE)
	Fluorinated ethylene	No break
	propylene(FEP)	No break
	propylene(FEP)
	Polyvinylidene— ﬂuoride	3.0—10.3
	(PVDF)	3.0—10.3
	(PVDF)
Epoxies; Cast, Molded,	Standard epoxies (diglycidyl
Reinforced	ethers of bisphenol A)
	Cast rigid	0.2—0.5
	Cast ﬂexible	0.3—0.2

To convert ft—lb / in. to N•m/m, multiply by 53.38

Table 213. IMPACT STRENGTH OF POLYMERS

(SHEET 3 OF 7)

		Impact Strength
		(Izod notched, ASTM D256)
Class	Polymer	(ft—lb / in.)


Epoxies; Cast, Molded,	Molded	0.4—0.5
Reinforced (Con’t)	Molded	0.4—0.5
Reinforced (Con’t)
	General purpose glass cloth	12—15
	laminate	12—15
	laminate
	High strength laminate	60—61
Epoxies—Molded,	High performance resins
Extruded	High performance resins
Extruded
	(cycloaliphatic diepoxides)
	Cast, rigid	0.5
	Molded	0.3—0.5
Epoxy novolacs	Cast, rigid	13—17
Melamines; Molded	Filler & type
	Cellulose electrical	0.27—0.36
	Glass ﬁber	0.5—12.0
	Alpha cellulose and mineral	0.30—0.35, 0.2(mineral)
Nylons; Molded,	Type 6
Extruded	Type 6
Extruded
	General purpose	0.6—1.2
	Glass ﬁber (30%) reinforced	2.2—3.4
	Cast	1.2
	Flexible copolymers	1.5—19
	Type 8	>16
	Type 11	3.3—3.6
	Type 12	1.2—4.2
	6/6 Nylon	(ASTM D638)
	General purpose molding	0.55—1.0,2.0
	Glass ﬁber reinforced	2.5—3.4
	General purpose extrusion	1.3

To convert ft—lb / in. to N•m/m, multiply by 53.38

Table 213. IMPACT STRENGTH OF POLYMERS

(SHEET 4 OF 7)

		Impact Strength
		(Izod notched, ASTM D256)
Class	Polymer	(ft—lb / in.)


Nylons; Molded,	6/10 Nylon
Extruded (Con’t)	6/10 Nylon
Extruded (Con’t)
	General purpose	0.6–1.6
	Glass ﬁber (30%) reinforced	3.4
Phenolics; Molded	Type and ﬁller
	General: woodﬂour and ﬂock	0.24—0.50
	Shock: paper, ﬂock, or pulp	0.4—1.0
	High shock: chopped fabric	0.6—8.0
	or cord	0.6—8.0
	or cord
	Very high shock: glass ﬁber	10—33
	Arc resistant—mineral	0.30—0.45
	Rubber phenolic—	0.34—1.0
	woodﬂour or ﬂock	0.34—1.0
	woodﬂour or ﬂock
	Rubber phenolic—chopped	2.0—2.3
	fabric	2.0—2.3
	fabric
	Rubber phenolic—asbestos	0.3—0.4
ABS–Polycarbonate	ABS–Polycarbonate Alloy	10 (ASTM D638)
Alloy	ABS–Polycarbonate Alloy	10 (ASTM D638)
Alloy
PVC–Acrylic Alloy	PVC–acrylic sheet	15
	PVC–acrylic injection	15
	molded	15
	molded
Polymides	Unreinforced	0.5
	Unreinforced 2nd value	0.5
	Glass reinforced	17
Polyacetals		(ASTM D638)
	Homopolymer:
	Standard	1.4
	20% glass reinforced	0.8
	22% TFE reinforced	0.7

To convert ft—lb / in. to N•m/m, multiply by 53.38

Table 213. IMPACT STRENGTH OF POLYMERS

(SHEET 5 OF 7)

		Impact Strength
		(Izod notched, ASTM D256)
Class	Polymer	(ft—lb / in.)


Polyacetals (Con’t)	Copolymer:
	Standard	1.3
	25% glass reinforced	1.8
	High ﬂow	1
Polyester; Thermoplastic	Injection Moldings:
	General purpose grade	1.0—1.2
	Glass reinforced grades	1.3—2.2
	Glass reinforced self	1.8
	extinguishing	1.8
	extinguishing
	General purpose grade	1
	Glass reinforced grade	1
	Asbestos—ﬁlled grade	0.5
Polyesters: Thermosets	Cast polyyester
	Rigid	0.18—0.40
	Flexible	4
	Reinforced polyester
	moldings
	High strength (glass ﬁbers)	1—10
	Heat and chemical resistsnt	0.45—1.0
	(asbestos)	0.45—1.0
	(asbestos)
	Sheet molding compounds,	5—15
	general purpose	5—15
	general purpose
Phenylene Oxides		(ASTM D638)
	SE—100	5
	SE—1	5
	Glass ﬁber reinforced	2.3
Phenylene oxides	Standard	1.2—1.3
(Noryl)	Standard	1.2—1.3
(Noryl)
	Glass ﬁber reinforced	1.8—2.0

To convert ft—lb / in. to N•m/m, multiply by 53.38

Table 213. IMPACT STRENGTH OF POLYMERS

(SHEET 6 OF 7)

		Impact Strength
		(Izod notched, ASTM D256)
Class	Polymer	(ft—lb / in.)


Polyarylsulfone	Polyarylsulfone	1.6—5.0
Polypropylene	General purpose	0.4—2.2
	High impact	1.5—12
	Asbestos ﬁlled	0.5—1.5
	Glass reinforced	0.5—2
	Flame retardant	2.2
Polyphenylene sulﬁde	Standard	0.3
	40% glass reinforced	1.09
Polyethylenes; Molded,	Type III—higher density
Extruded	(0.941—0.965)
	Melt index 0.2—0.9	4.0—14
	Melt Melt index 0.l—12.0	0.4—6.0
	Melt index 1.5—15	1.2—2.5
	High molecular weight	>20
Oleﬁn Copolymers;	Ethylene butene	0.4
Molded	Ethylene butene	0.4
Molded
	Propylene—ethylene	1.1
	Ionomer	9—14
	Polyallomer	1.5
Polystyrenes; Molded	Polystyrenes	(ASTM D638)
	General purpose	0.2—0.4
	Medium impact	0.5—1.2
	High impact	0.8—1.8
	Glass ﬁber —30% reinforced	2.5
	Styrene acrylonitrile (SAN)	0.29—0.54
	Glass ﬁber (30%) reinforced	1.35—3.0
	SAN	1.35—3.0
	SAN

To convert ft—lb / in. to N•m/m, multiply by 53.38

Table 213. IMPACT STRENGTH OF POLYMERS

(SHEET 7 OF 7)

		Impact Strength
		(Izod notched, ASTM D256)
Class	Polymer	(ft—lb / in.)


Polyvinyl Chloride And
Copolymers; Molded,	Nonrigid—general	Variable
Extruded
	Nonrigid—electrical	Variable
	Rigid—normal impact	0.5—10
	Vinylidene chloride	2—8
Silicones; Molded,	Fibrous (glass) reinforced	10
Laminated	silicones	10
Laminated	silicones
	Granular (silica) reinforced	0.34
	silicones	0.34
	silicones
	Woven glass fabric/ silicone	10—25
	laminate	10—25
	laminate
Ureas; Molded	Alpha—cellulose ﬁlled	0.20—0.35
Ureas; Molded	(ASTM Type l)	0.20—0.35
	(ASTM Type l)
	Cellulose ﬁlled (ASTM Type	0.20—0.275
	2)	0.20—0.275
	2)
	Woodﬂour ﬁlled	0.25—0.35

To convert ft—lb / in. to N•m/m, multiply by 53.38

Table 214. IMPACT STRENGTH OF

FIBERGLASS REINFORCED PLASTICS

		Glass	Izod Impact
		fiber content	strength
Class	Material	(wt%)	(ft • Ib/in. of notch)


Glass ﬁber reinforced	Sheet molding compound (SMC)	15 to 30	8 to 22
thermosets	Sheet molding compound (SMC)	15 to 30	8 to 22
thermosets
	Bulk molding compound(BMC)	15 to 35	2 to 10
	Preform/mat(compression molded)	25 to 50	10 to 20
	Cold press molding–polyester	20 to 30	9 to 12
	Spray–up–polyester	30 to 50	4 to 12
	Filament wound–epoxy	30 to 80	40 to 60
	Rod stock–polyester	40 to 80	45 to 60
	Molding compound–phenolic	5 to 25	1 to 8
Glass–ﬁber–reinforced	Acetal	20 to 40	0.8 to 2.8
thermoplastics	Acetal	20 to 40	0.8 to 2.8
thermoplastics
	Nylon	6 to 60	0.8 to 4.5
	Polycarbonate	20 to 40	1.5 to 3.5
	Polyethylene	10 to 40	1.2 to 4.0
	Polypropylene	20 to 40	1 to 4
	Polystyrene	20 to 35	0.4 to 4.5
	Polysulfone	20 to 40	1.3 to 2.5
	ABS(acrylonitrile butadiene styrene)	20 to 40	1 to 2.4
	PVC (polyvinyl chloride)	15 to 35	0.8 to 1.6
	Polyphenylene oxide(modiﬁed)	20 to 40	1.6 to 2.2
	SAN (styrene acrylonitrile)	20 to 40	0.4 to 2.4
	Thermoplastic polyester	20 to 35	1.0 to 2.7

To convert (ft • Ib/in. of notch) to (J/cm of notch), multiply by 0.534

Data from ASM Engineering Materials Reference Book, Second Edition, Michael Bauccio, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, p106, (1994).

Table 215. IMPACT STRENGTH OF CARBON- AND GLASS- REINFORCED ENGINEERING THERMOPLASTICS (SHEET 1 OF 2)

			Impact Strength,
			Notched/Unnotched
Class	Resin Type	Composition	(J/cm)


Amorphous	Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS)	30% glass ﬁber	0.75/3.5
		30% carbon ﬁber	0.59/2.4
	Nylon	30% glass ﬁber	0.64/3.7
		30% carbon ﬁber	0.64/4.3
	Polycarbonate	30% glass ﬁber	2.0/9.34
		30% carbon ﬁber	0.96/5.34
	Polyetherimide	30% glass ﬁber	0.75/5.60
		30% carbon ﬁber	0.75/6.67
	Polyphenylene oxide (PPO)	30% glass ﬁber	1.2/5.1
		30% carbon ﬁber	0.53/3.0
	Polysulfone	30% glass ﬁber	0.96/7.5
		30% carbon ﬁber	0.64/3.5
	Styrene-maleic-anhydride (SMA)	30% glass ﬁber	0.59/2.4
	Thermoplastic polyurethane	30% glass ﬁber	5.1/15

Data from ASM Engineering Materials Reference Book, Second Edition, Michael Bauccio, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, p111–112, (1994).

Table 215. IMPACT STRENGTH OF CARBON- AND GLASS- REINFORCED ENGINEERING THERMOPLASTICS (SHEET 2 OF 2)

			Impact Strength,
			Notched/Unnotched
Class	Resin Type	Composition	(J/cm)


Crystalline	Acetal	30% glass ﬁber	0.96/4.8
		20% carbon ﬁber	0.53/1.6
	Nylon 66	30% glass ﬁber	1.5/11
		30% carbon ﬁber	0.80/6.4
	Polybutylene telphthalate (PBT)	30% glass ﬁber	1.4/9.1
		30% carbon ﬁber	0.64/3.5
	Polythylene terephthalate (PET)	30% glass ﬁber	1.0/—
	Polyphenylene sulﬁde (PPS)	30% glass ﬁber	0.75/4.5
		30% carbon ﬁber	0.59/2.9

Data from ASM Engineering Materials Reference Book, Second Edition, Michael Bauccio, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, p111–112, (1994).

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