- •TABLE OF CONTENTS
- •CHAPTER 1 Structure of Materials
- •CHAPTER 2 Composition of Materials
- •CHAPTER 3 Phase Diagram Sources
- •Compressive Strength
- •Yield Strength
- •Shear Strength
- •Hardness
- •Abrasion Resistance
- •Fracture Toughness
- •Tensile Modulus
- •Young’s Modulus
- •Elastic Modulus
- •Compression Modulus
- •Bulk Modulus
- •Torsion Modulus
- •Modulus of Rupture
- •Elongation
- •Area Reduction
- •Viscosity
- •Dissipation Factor
- •Dielectric Strength
- •Tangent Loss
- •Density
- •Heat of Fusion
- •Thermal Conductivity
- •Thermal Expansion
- •Compressive Strength
- •Yield Strength
- •Flexural Strength
- •Friction
- •Abrasion Resistance
- •Poisson’s Ratio
- •Elongation
- •Area Reduction
- •Dissipation Factor
- •Tangent Loss
- •Permittivity
- •Arc Resistance
- •Flammability
Table 377. SELECTING COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS OF
GRAY CAST IRON BARS
ASTM |
Compressive Strength |
Class |
(MPa) |
|
|
|
|
20 |
572 |
25 |
669 |
30 |
752 |
35 |
855 |
40 |
965 |
50 |
1130 |
60 |
1293 |
|
|
Source: data from ASM Metals Reference Book, Second Edition, American Society for Metals, Metals Park, Ohio 44073, p166-167, (1984).
©2001 CRC Press LLC
Table 378. SELECTING COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS OF CERAMICS
(SHEET 1 OF 3)
|
|
Temperature |
Compressive Strength |
Ceramic |
|
(˚C) |
(psi) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Thorium Dioxide (ThO2) |
1500 |
1.5 x103 |
|
Zirconium Oxide (ZrO2) |
1500 |
2.8 x103 |
|
Thorium Dioxide (ThO2) |
1400 |
5.7 x103 |
|
Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) |
1600 |
7 x103 |
|
Beryllium Oxide (BeO) |
1600 |
7 x103 |
|
Spinel (Al2O3 MgO) |
1600 |
8.5 x103 |
|
Trisilicon tetranitride |
(Si3N4) |
25 |
10-100 x103 |
Trisilicon tetranitride |
(Si3N4) |
1000 |
10-30 x103 |
Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) |
1500 |
14 x103 |
|
Beryllium Oxide (BeO) |
1500 |
17 x103 |
|
Zirconium Oxide (ZrO2) |
1400 |
18.5 x103 |
|
Cordierite (2MgO 2Al2O3 5SiO2) (ρ=1.8g/cm3) |
1200 |
18.5 x103 |
|
Spinel (Al2O3 MgO) |
1400 |
21.4 x103 |
|
Beryllium Oxide (BeO) |
1400 |
24 x103 |
|
Beryllium Oxide (BeO) |
1145 |
28.5 x103 |
|
Thorium Dioxide (ThO2) |
1200 |
28.5 x103 |
|
Cordierite (2MgO 2Al2O3 5SiO2) (ρ=2.1g/cm3) |
800 |
30 x103 |
|
Boron Nitride (BN), parallel to c axis |
|
34.0 x103 |
|
Beryllium Oxide (BeO) |
1000 |
35.5-40 x103 |
|
Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) |
1400 |
35.6 x103 |
|
|
|
|
|
To convert psi to MPa, multiply by 145.
Source: data compiled by J.S. Park from No. 1 Materials Index, Peter T.B. Shaffer, Plenum Press, New York, (1964); Smithells Metals Reference Book, Eric A. Brandes, ed., in association with Fulmer Research Institute Ltd. 6th ed. London, Butterworths, Boston, (1983); and Ceramic Source, American Ceramic Society (1986-1991).
©2001 CRC Press LLC
Table 378. SELECTING COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS OF CERAMICS
(SHEET 2 OF 3)
|
Temperature |
Compressive Strength |
Ceramic |
(˚C) |
(psi) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Boron Nitride (BN), parallel to a axis |
|
45 x103 |
Titanium Diboride (TiB2) |
|
47-97 x103 |
Cordierite (2MgO 2Al2O3 5SiO2) (ρ=2.51g/cm3) |
25 |
50 x103 |
Cordierite (2MgO 2Al2O3 5SiO2) (ρ=2.3g/cm3) |
400 |
50 x103 |
Thorium Dioxide (ThO2) |
1000 |
51 x103 |
Beryllium Oxide (BeO) |
800 |
64 x103 |
Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) |
1200 |
71 x103 |
Beryllium Oxide (BeO) |
500 |
71 x103 |
Thorium Dioxide (ThO2) |
800 |
71 x103 |
Spinel (Al2O3 MgO) |
1200 |
71 x103 |
Mullite (3Al2O3 2SiO2) |
25 |
80-190 x103 |
Silicon Carbide (SiC) |
25 |
82-200 x103 |
Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) |
1100 |
85 x103 |
Thorium Dioxide (ThO2) |
600 |
85 x103 |
Spinel (Al2O3 MgO) |
1100 |
85.5 x103 |
Magnesium Oxide (MgO) |
room temp. |
112 x103 |
Beryllium Oxide (BeO) |
room temp. |
114-310 x103 |
Zirconium Oxide (ZrO2) |
1200 |
114 x103 |
Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) |
1000 |
128 x103 |
Titanium mononitride (TiN) |
|
141 x103 |
|
|
|
To convert psi to MPa, multiply by 145.
Source: data compiled by J.S. Park from No. 1 Materials Index, Peter T.B. Shaffer, Plenum Press, New York, (1964); Smithells Metals Reference Book, Eric A. Brandes, ed., in association with Fulmer Research Institute Ltd. 6th ed. London, Butterworths, Boston, (1983); and Ceramic Source, American Ceramic Society (1986-1991).
©2001 CRC Press LLC
Table 378. SELECTING COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS OF CERAMICS
(SHEET 3 OF 3)
|
Temperature |
Compressive Strength |
Ceramic |
(˚C) |
(psi) |
Thorium Dioxide (ThO2) |
room temp. |
146-214 x103 |
Thorium Dioxide (ThO2) |
400 |
156 x103 |
Zirconium Oxide (ZrO2) |
1000 |
171 x103 |
Spinel (Al2O3 MgO) |
800 |
171 x103 |
Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) |
800 |
183 x103 |
Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) |
600 |
199 x103 |
Spinel (Al2O3 MgO) |
500 |
199 x103 |
Zirconium Oxide (ZrO2) |
room temp. |
205-300 x103 |
Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) |
400 |
214 x103 |
Zirconium Oxide (ZrO2) |
500 |
228 x103 |
Zirconium Monocarbide (ZrC) |
room temp. |
238 x103 |
Spinel (Al2O3 MgO) |
room temp. |
270 x103 |
Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) |
room temp. |
427 x103 |
Titanium Monocarbide (TiC) |
room temp. |
10.9-19 x104 |
Boron Carbide (B4C) |
room temp. |
41.4 x104 |
Trichromium Dicarbide (Cr3C2) |
|
60 x104 |
To convert psi to MPa, multiply by 145.
Source: data compiled by J.S. Park from No. 1 Materials Index, Peter T.B. Shaffer, Plenum Press, New York, (1964); Smithells Metals Reference Book, Eric A. Brandes, ed., in association with Fulmer Research Institute Ltd. 6th ed. London, Butterworths, Boston, (1983); and Ceramic Source, American Ceramic Society (1986-1991).
©2001 CRC Press LLC
Table 379. SELECTING COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS
OF POLYMERS (SHEET 1 OF 3)
|
Compressive Strength |
Polymer |
(1000 psi) |
|
|
|
|
ABS Resins; Molded, Extruded: Medium impact |
0.5—11.0 |
Polyester, Cast Thermoset: Flexible |
1—17 |
Styrene acrylonitrile (SAN), Glass fiber (30%) reinforced |
2.3 |
Polystyrene, Molded: Medium impact |
4—9 |
Polystyrene, Molded: High impact |
4—9 |
PVC–acrylic injection molded |
6.2 |
ABS Resins; Molded, Extruded: High impact |
7.0—9.0 |
PVC–acrylic sheet |
8.4 |
Chlorinated polyether |
9 |
ABS Resins; Molded, Extruded: Heat resistant |
9.3—11.0 |
Silicone, Molded: Fibrous (glass) reinforced silicones |
10—12.5 |
Rubber phenolic, Molded: , chopped fabric filled |
10—15 |
Rubber phenolic, Molded: , asbestos filled |
10—20 |
Silicone, Molded: Granular (silica) reinforced silicones |
10.6—17 |
Polyvinyl Chloride: Rigid—normal impact |
11—12 |
ABS–Polycarbonate Alloy |
11.1—11.8 |
Polystyrene, Molded: General purpose |
11.5—16.0 |
Phenylene Oxide: SE—100 |
12 |
Rubber phenolic, Molded: woodflour or flock filled |
12—20 |
Polyester, Cast Thermoset: Rigid |
12—37 |
Polycarbonate |
12.5 |
Polyester; Thermoplastic Moldings: General purpose grade |
13 |
Phenylene oxide (Noryl): Standard |
13.9—14 |
Silicone, Laminated with woven glass fabric |
15—24 |
Phenolic; Molded: High shock, chopped fabric or cord filled |
15—30 |
Polyester; Thermoplastic Moldings: Glass reinforced grades |
16—18 |
Alkyds; Molded: Granular (high speed molding) |
16—20 |
Phenylene Oxide: SE—1 |
16.4 |
|
|
To convert psi to MPa, multiply by 145.
Source: data compiled by J.S. Park from Charles T. Lynch, CRC Handbook of Materials Science, Vol. 3, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1975 and Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol.2, Engineering Plastics, ASM International, Metals Park, Ohio, 1988.
©2001 CRC Press LLC
Table 379. SELECTING COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS
OF POLYMERS (SHEET 2 OF 3)
|
Compressive Strength |
Polymer |
(1000 psi) |
|
|
|
|
Epoxy, Standard : Cast rigid |
16.5—24 |
Epoxy, High performance resins: Cast, rigid |
17—19 |
Phenolic; Molded: Very high shock, glass fiber filled |
17—30 |
Phenylene Oxide: Glass fiber reinforced |
17.6—17.9 |
Polyarylsulfone |
17.8 |
Polyester; Thermoplastic: Glass reinforced, self extinguishing |
18 |
Diallyl Phthalate; Molded: Asbestos filled |
18—25 |
Polymide: Unreinforced |
18.4, 27.4 |
Polycarbonate (40% glass fiber reinforced) |
18.5 |
Polystyrene, Molded: Glass fiber -30% reinforced |
19 |
Alkyds; Molded: Putty (encapsulating) |
20—25 |
Diallyl Phthalate; Molded: Orlon filled |
20—25 |
Polyester: Heat and chemical resistsnt (asbestos reinforced) |
20—25 |
Polyester: High strength, (glass fibers reinforced) |
20—26 |
Diallyl Phthalate; Molded: Dacron filled |
20—30 |
Phenolic, Molded: Arc resistant, mineral filled |
20—30 |
Melamine; Molded: Glass fiber filled |
20—42 |
Epoxy, High performance resins: Molded |
22—26 |
Phenolic; Molded: General, woodflour and flock filled |
22—36 |
Polyester: Sheet molding compounds, general purpose |
22—36 |
Thermoset Carbonate: Allyl diglycol carbonate |
22.5 |
Alkyds; Molded: Glass reinforced (heavy duty parts) |
24—30 |
Phenolic; Molded: Shock, paper, flock, or pulp filled |
24—35 |
Diallyl Phthalate; Molded: Glass fiber filled |
25 |
Melamine; Molded: Cellulose electrical filled |
25—35 |
Urea, Molded: Woodflour filled |
25—35 |
Urea, Molded: Alpha—cellulose filled (ASTM Type l) |
25—38 |
Melamine; Molded: Mineral filled |
26—30 |
|
|
To convert psi to MPa, multiply by 145.
Source: data compiled by J.S. Park from Charles T. Lynch, CRC Handbook of Materials Science, Vol. 3, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1975 and Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol.2, Engineering Plastics, ASM International, Metals Park, Ohio, 1988.
©2001 CRC Press LLC
Table 379. SELECTING COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS
OF POLYMERS (SHEET 3 OF 3)
|
Compressive Strength |
Polymer |
(1000 psi) |
|
|
|
|
Alkyds; Molded: Rope (general purpose) |
28 |
Epoxy novolac: Cast, rigid |
30—50 |
Epoxy, Standard : Molded |
34-38 |
Melamine; Molded: Unfilled |
40—45 |
Melamine; Molded: Alpha cellulose filled |
40—45 |
Polymide: Glass reinforced |
42 |
Epoxy novolac: Glass cloth laminate |
48—57 |
Epoxy, Standard : General purpose glass cloth laminate |
50-60 |
Epoxy, High performance resins: Glass cloth laminate |
67—71 |
Epoxy, Standard : High strength laminate |
80-90 (edgewise) |
|
|
To convert psi to MPa, multiply by 145.
Source: data compiled by J.S. Park from Charles T. Lynch, CRC Handbook of Materials Science, Vol. 3, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1975 and Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol.2, Engineering Plastics, ASM International, Metals Park, Ohio, 1988.
©2001 CRC Press LLC