Torsion Modulus

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Санкт-Петербургский государственный электротехнический университет "ЛЭТИ"

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Электротехника

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Shackelford J.F.Material science and engineering handbook.2001.pdf

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Table 239. TORSIONAL MODULUS OF GRAY CAST IRONS

	Torsional Modulus
ASTM Class	(GPa)


20	27 to 39
25	32 to 41
30	36 to 45
35	40 to 48
40	44 to 54
50	50 to 55
60	54 to 59

Source: data from ASM Metals Reference Book, Second Edition, American Society for Metals, Metals Park, Ohio 44073, p166-167, (1984).

Table 240. TORSION MODULUS OF TREATED DUCTILE IRONS

	Torsion Modulus
Treatment	(MPa)


60-40-18	63
65-45-12	64
80-55-06	62
120 90-02	63.4

Source: data from ASM Metals Reference Book, Second Edition, American Society for Metals, Metals Park, Ohio 44073, p169-170, (1984).

Table 241. MODULUS OF ELASTICITY IN FLEXURE

FOR POLYMERS (SHEET 1 OF 13)

		Modulus of Elasticity in Flexure
		(ASTM D790)
Polymer Class	Polymer	(105 psi)


ABS Resins; Molded, Extruded	Medium impact	3.5—4.0
	High impact	2.5—3.2
	Very high impact	2.0—3.2
	Low temperature impact	2.0—3.2
	Heat resistant	3.5—4.2
Acrylics; Cast, Molded, Extruded	Cast Resin Sheets, Rods:
	General purpose, type I	3.5—4.5
	General purpose, type II	4.0—5.0
	Moldings:
	Grades 5, 6, 8	3.5—5.0
	High impact grade	2.7—3.6

To convert from psi to MPa, multiply by 145.

Source: data compiled by J.S. Park from Charles T. Lynch, CRC Handbook of Materials Science, Vol. 3, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1975 and Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol.2, Engineering Plastics, ASM International, Metals Park, Ohio, 1988.

Table 241. MODULUS OF ELASTICITY IN FLEXURE

FOR POLYMERS (SHEET 2 OF 13)

		Modulus of Elasticity in Flexure
		(ASTM D790)
Polymer Class	Polymer	(105 psi)


Thermoset Carbonate	Allyl diglycol carbonate	2.5—3.3
Alkyds; Molded	Rope (general purpose)	22—27
	Granular (high speed molding)	22—27
	Glass reinforced (heavy duty parts)	22—28
Cellulose Acetate; Molded, Extruded	ASTM Grade:	(ASTM D747)
	H4—1	2.0—2.55
	H2—1	1.50—2.35
	MH—1, MH—2	1.50—2.15
	MS—1, MS—2	1.25—1.90
	S2—1	1.05—1.65

To convert from psi to MPa, multiply by 145.

Table 241. MODULUS OF ELASTICITY IN FLEXURE

FOR POLYMERS (SHEET 3 OF 13)

		Modulus of Elasticity in Flexure
		(ASTM D790)
Polymer Class	Polymer	(105 psi)


Cellulose Acetate Butyrate; Molded, Extruded		(ASTM D747)
	ASTM Grade:
	H4	1.8
	MH	1.20—1.40
	S2	0.70—0.90
Cellusose Acetate Propionate; Molded, Extruded	ASTM Grade:
	1	1.7—1.8
	3	1.45—1.55
	6	1.1
Chlorinated Polymers	Chlorinated polyether	1.3 (0.1% offset)
	Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride	3.85
Polycarbonates	Polycarbonate	3.4
	Polycarbonate (40% glass ﬁber reinforced)	12

To convert from psi to MPa, multiply by 145.

Table 241. MODULUS OF ELASTICITY IN FLEXURE

FOR POLYMERS (SHEET 4 OF 13)

		Modulus of Elasticity in Flexure
		(ASTM D790)
Polymer Class	Polymer	(105 psi)


Fluorocarbons; Molded,Extruded	Polytriﬂuoro chloroethylene (PTFCE)	2.0—2.5
	Polytetraﬂuoroethylene (PTFE)	0.6—1.1
	Ceramic reinforced (PTFE)	4.64
	Fluorinated ethylene propylene(FEP)	0.8
	Polyvinylidene— ﬂuoride (PVDF)	1.75—2.0
Epoxies; Cast, Molded, Reinforced	Standard epoxies (diglycidyl ethers of bisphenol A)
	Cast rigid	4.5—5.4
	Cast ﬂexible	0.36—3.9
	Molded	15—25
	General purpose glass cloth laminate	36—39
	High strength laminate	53—55
	Filament wound composite	69—75

To convert from psi to MPa, multiply by 145.

Table 241. MODULUS OF ELASTICITY IN FLEXURE

FOR POLYMERS (SHEET 5 OF 13)

		Modulus of Elasticity in Flexure
		(ASTM D790)
Polymer Class	Polymer	(105 psi)


Epoxies—Molded, Extruded	High performance resins
	(cycloaliphatic diepoxides)
	Cast, rigid	4—5
	Glass cloth laminate	28—31
	Epoxy novolacs
	Cast, rigid	4.4—4.8
	Glass cloth laminate	32—35
Melamines; Molded	Filler & type
	Unﬁlled	10—13
	Cellulose electrical	10—13
	Glass ﬁber	24

To convert from psi to MPa, multiply by 145.

Table 241. MODULUS OF ELASTICITY IN FLEXURE

FOR POLYMERS (SHEET 6 OF 13)

		Modulus of Elasticity in Flexure
		(ASTM D790)
Polymer Class	Polymer	(105 psi)


Nylons; Molded, Extruded	Type 6
	General purpose	1.4—3.9
	Glass ﬁber (30%) reinforced	1.0—1.4
	Cast	5.05
	Flexible copolymers	0.92—3.2
	Type 8	0.4
	Type 11	1.51
	6/6 Nylon
	General purpose molding	1.75–4.5
	Glass ﬁber reinforced	10—18
	Glass ﬁber Molybdenum disulﬁde ﬁlled	11—13
	General purpose extrusion	1.75—4.1

To convert from psi to MPa, multiply by 145.

Table 241. MODULUS OF ELASTICITY IN FLEXURE

FOR POLYMERS (SHEET 7 OF 13)

		Modulus of Elasticity in Flexure
		(ASTM D790)
Polymer Class	Polymer	(105 psi)


Nylons; Molded, Extruded (Con’t)	6/10 Nylon
	General purpose	1.6–2.8
	Glass ﬁber (30%) reinforced	8.5
Phenolics; Molded	Type and ﬁller
	General: woodﬂour and ﬂock	8—12
	Shock: paper, ﬂock, or pulp	8—12
	High shock: chopped fabric or cord	9—13
	Very high shock: glass ﬁber	30—33
	Arc resistant—mineral	10—30
	Rubber phenolic—woodﬂour or ﬂock	4—6
	Rubber phenolic—chopped fabric	3.5
	Rubber phenolic—asbestos	5
ABS–Polycarbonate Alloy	ABS–Polycarbonate Alloy	4

To convert from psi to MPa, multiply by 145.

Table 241. MODULUS OF ELASTICITY IN FLEXURE

FOR POLYMERS (SHEET 8 OF 13)

		Modulus of Elasticity in Flexure
		(ASTM D790)
Polymer Class	Polymer	(105 psi)


PVC–Acrylic Alloy	PVC–acrylic sheet	4
	PVC–acrylic injection molded	3
Polymides	Unreinforced	7
	Unreinforced 2nd value	5
	Glass reinforced	38.4
Polyacetals	Homopolymer:
	Standard	4.1
	20% glass reinforced	8.8
	22% TFE reinforced	4
	Copolymer:
	Standard	3.75
	25% glass reinforced	11
	High ﬂow	3.75

To convert from psi to MPa, multiply by 145.

Table 241. MODULUS OF ELASTICITY IN FLEXURE

FOR POLYMERS (SHEET 9 OF 13)

		Modulus of Elasticity in Flexure
		(ASTM D790)
Polymer Class	Polymer	(105 psi)


Polyester; Thermoplastic	Injection Moldings:
	General purpose grade	3.4
	Glass reinforced grades	12—15
	Glass reinforced self extinguishing	12
	General purpose grade	33
	Glass reinforced grade	87
	Asbestos—ﬁlled grade	90
Polyesters: Thermosets	Cast polyyester
	Rigid	1—9
	Flexible	0.001—0.39
	Reinforced polyester moldings
	High strength (glass ﬁbers)	15—25
	Sheet molding compounds, general purpose	15—18

To convert from psi to MPa, multiply by 145.

Table 241. MODULUS OF ELASTICITY IN FLEXURE

FOR POLYMERS (SHEET 10 OF 13)

		Modulus of Elasticity in Flexure
		(ASTM D790)
Polymer Class	Polymer	(105 psi)


Phenylene Oxides	SE—100	3.6
	SE—1	3.6
	Glass ﬁber reinforced	7.4—10.4
Phenylene oxides (Noryl)	Standard	3.9
	Glass ﬁber reinforced	12, 15.5
	Polyarylsulfone	4
Polypropylene:	General purpose	1.7—2.5
	High impact	1.0—2.0
	Asbestos ﬁlled	3.4—6.5
	Glass reinforced	4—8.2
	Flame retardant	1.9—6.1

To convert from psi to MPa, multiply by 145.

Table 241. MODULUS OF ELASTICITY IN FLEXURE

FOR POLYMERS (SHEET 11 OF 13)

		Modulus of Elasticity in Flexure
		(ASTM D790)
Polymer Class	Polymer	(105 psi)


Polyphenylene sulﬁde:	Standard	5.5—6.0
	40% glass reinforced	17—22
Polyethylenes; Molded, Extruded		(ASTM D747)
	Type I—lower density (0.910—0.925)
	Melt index 0.3—3.6	0.13—0.27
	Melt index 6—26	0.12—0.3
	Melt index 200	0.1
	Type II—medium density (0.926—0.940)
	Melt index 20	0.35—0.5
	Melt index l.0—1.9	0.35—0.5

To convert from psi to MPa, multiply by 145.

Table 241. MODULUS OF ELASTICITY IN FLEXURE

FOR POLYMERS (SHEET 12 OF 13)

		Modulus of Elasticity in Flexure
		(ASTM D790)
Polymer Class	Polymer	(105 psi)


Polyethylenes; Molded, Extruded (Con’t)	Type III—higher density (0.941—0.965)
	Melt index 0.2—0.9	1.3—1.5
	Melt Melt index 0.l—12.0	0.9—0.25
	Melt index 1.5—15	1.5
	High molecular weight	0.75
Oleﬁn Copolymers; Molded	Ethylene butene	165 (psi)
	Propylene—ethylene	140 (psi)
	Polyallomer	0.7—1.3
Polystyrenes; Molded	Polystyrenes:
	General purpose	4—5
	Medium impact	3.5—5.0
	High impact	2.3—4.0
	Glass ﬁber -30% reinforced	12

To convert from psi to MPa, multiply by 145.

Table 241. MODULUS OF ELASTICITY IN FLEXURE

FOR POLYMERS (SHEET 13 OF 13)

		Modulus of Elasticity in Flexure
		(ASTM D790)
Polymer Class	Polymer	(105 psi)


Styrene acrylonitrile (SAN):	Glass ﬁber (30%) reinforced SAN	14.5
Polyvinyl Chloride And Copolymers; Molded, Extruded	Rigid—normal impact	3.8—5.4
Silicones; Molded, Laminated	Fibrous (glass) reinforced silicones	25
	Granular (silica) reinforced silicones	14—17
	Woven glass fabric/ silicone laminate	26—32

To convert from psi to MPa, multiply by 145.

Table 242. FLEXURAL MODULUS OF

FIBERGLASS REINFORCED PLASTICS

		Glass	Flexural
		Glass	modulus
		fiber content	modulus
		fiber content	(105 psi)
Class	Material	(wt%)	(105 psi)


Glass ﬁber reinforced	Sheet molding compound (SMC)	15 to 30	14 to 20
thermosets	Sheet molding compound (SMC)	15 to 30	14 to 20
thermosets
	Bulk molding compound(BMC)	15 to 35	14 to 20
	Preform/mat(compression molded)	25 to 50	13 to 18
	Cold press molding–polyester	20 to 30	13 to 19
	Spray–up–polyester	30 to 50	10 to 12
	Filament wound–epoxy	30 to 80	50 to 70
	Rod stock–polyester	40 to 80	40 to 60
	Molding compound–phenolic	5 to 25	30
Glass–ﬁber–reinforced	Acetal	20 to 40	8 to 13
thermoplastics	Acetal	20 to 40	8 to 13
thermoplastics
	Nylon	6 to 60	2 to 28
	Polycarbonate	20 to 40	7.5 to 15
	Polyethylene	10 to 40	2.1 to 6
	Polypropylene	20 to 40	3.5 to 8.2
	Polystyrene	20 to 35	8 to 12
	Polysulfone	20 to 40	8 to 15
	ABS(acrylonitrile butadiene styrene)	20 to 40	9.2 to 15
	PVC (polyvinyl chloride)	15 to 35	9 to 16
	Polyphenylene oxide(modiﬁed)	20 to 40	8 to 15
	SAN (styrene acrylonitrile)	20 to 40	8.0 to 18
	Thermoplastic polyester	20 to 35	8.7 to 15

To convert from psi to MPa, multiply by 145.

Data from ASM Engineering Materials Reference Book, Second Edition, Michael Bauccio, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, p106, (1994).

Table 243. FLEXURAL MODULUS OF CARBON- AND GLASS-

REINFORCED ENGINEERING THERMOPLASTICS (SHEET 1 OF 2)

			Flexural Modulus
Class	Resin Type	Composition	(GPa)


Amorphous	Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS)	30% glass ﬁber	7.6
		30% carbon ﬁber	12.4
	Nylon	30% glass ﬁber	7.9
		30% carbon ﬁber	15.2
	Polycarbonate	30% glass ﬁber	8.3
		30% carbon ﬁber	13.1
	Polyetherimide	30% glass ﬁber	8.6
		30% carbon ﬁber	17.2
	Polyphenylene oxide (PPO)	30% glass ﬁber	9.0
		30% carbon ﬁber	11.7
	Polysulfone	30% glass ﬁber	8.3
		30% carbon ﬁber	14.5
	Styrene-maleic-anhydride (SMA)	30% glass ﬁber	9.0
	Thermoplastic polyurethane	30% glass ﬁber	1.3

Data from ASM Engineering Materials Reference Book, Second Edition, Michael Bauccio, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, p111–112, (1994).

Table 243. FLEXURAL MODULUS OF CARBON- AND GLASS-

REINFORCED ENGINEERING THERMOPLASTICS (SHEET 2 OF 2)

			Flexural Modulus
Class	Resin Type	Composition	(GPa)


Crystalline	Acetal	30% glass ﬁber	9.7
		20% carbon ﬁber	9.3
	Nylon 66	30% glass ﬁber	9.0
		30% carbon ﬁber	20.0
	Polybutylene telphthalate (PBT)	30% glass ﬁber	9.7
		30% carbon ﬁber	15.9
	Polythylene terephthalate (PET)	30% glass ﬁber	9.0
	Polyphenylene sulﬁde (PPS)	30% glass ﬁber	11.0
		30% carbon ﬁber	16.9

Data from ASM Engineering Materials Reference Book, Second Edition, Michael Bauccio, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, p111–112, (1994).

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