XII. Make sentences using the verb tenses given in brackets.

1. Technological developments/change/human life. (Present Perfect)

2. Many woman/ begin/ to build/ careers in the aviation field. (Past Simple)

3. While I / write/ the email, the computer suddenly went off. (Past Progressive)

4. Human error/ document/ as a primary contributor to more than 70 percent of airplane accidents. (Present Perfect Passive)

5. Future advanced aero-structures material development / introduce/ such materials as carbon nanotubes. (Future Simple)

6. Many companies/ currently work/ to make commercial space flight possible. (Present Progressive)

7. This new technology/ accept/ by the aviation industry. (Present Simple Passive)

8. The project/ complete / before the deadline. (Future Perfect Passive)

XIII. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate tense of the verb in brackets.

1. Modern industries of all types _____ (a. to rely) on the use of computers to operate effectively, including the airline industry. Computers and their associated applications ____ (b. to be) an integral part of the flight process. In many cases, computer automation ____ (c. to make) flying more efficient. Vast improvements _____ (d. to make) in the safety of flight test and the ability of ground engineers and pilots to predict and avoid hazardous situations. Computer applications play an integral role in the operation of modern airlines, and airplane manufacturers _____ (e. to upgrade, continuously) computer systems to improve operations.

2. The IT industry _____ (a. to continue) to grow at a fast pace next decade. Employment opportunities _____ (b. to proliferate) at all levels and throughout different occupational profiles. Employment in the IT industry _____(c. to expect) to grow at 2.19% between 2010 and 2019, almost 5 times faster than the predicted average growth for the UK.

3. The Black Box _____ (a. to invent) by a young Australian scientist named Dr. David Warren. While Warren _____ (b. to work) at the Aeronautical Research Laboratory in Melbourne in the mid-1950s he _____ (c. to involve) in the accident investigation surrounding the mysterious crash of the world’s first jet-powered commercial aircraft, the Comet. Realising that it would have been useful for investigators if there had been a recording of what _____(d. to happen) on the plane just before the crash, he got to work on a basic flight data recorder. The first demonstration unit _____ (e. to produced) in 1957, but it was not until 1960, after an unexplained plane crash in Queensland, that Australia _____ (f. to became) the first country in the world to make the Black Box mandatory for all commercial aircraft.

XIV. Not all verbs can have passive forms. Passive structures are not possible with intransitive verbs, which cannot have objects. Turn the following sentences into Passive if possible.

1. I did not see the balloon.

2. A solid casing protects the electronic circuits from damage.

3. The researchers have made improvements of the design.

4. The plane spiralled out of control

5. Everyday use will wear out the web camera in two years.

6. The rocket hurtled towards the planet.

7. They call this component a diode.

8. Gas prices are rising again.

9. Can we rely on the promises of the suppliers?

10. The incident occurred last week.