Vocabulary

code of ethics – моральный кодекс

CEO = Chief Executive Officer – главный исполняющий директор

компании

set the tone – задавать тон

hot line – прямая телефонная связь; телефон доверия

whistle-blowing – осведомление о нарушениях, «сигнал» (сообщение о

фактах коррупции, незаконной деятельности или

аморальных поступках отдельных лиц или организаций)

whistle-blower – осведомитель (работник, разоблачающий коррупцию,

недостатки в управлении, дискриминацию внутри

компании)

disclosure – обнаружение, разоблачение, раскрытие

public accusation – публичное обвинение

wrongdoing – проступок, правонарушение, преступление

demote – понижать в должности, звании

career setback – препятствие карьерному росту, притеснение по службе

financial strain – финансовое давление

negative repercussions – негативные последствия

anonymous – анонимный

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

1. What is a written code of ethics most large companies have adopted?

2. Whom and what must this code of ethics be supported by to be really

effective?

3. What is whistle-blowing, and how can companies learn from it?

II vocabulary practice exercises

1. Say whether these statements are true or false. Give your reasons

using such expressions, as: that’s quite right; in my opinion; I think

that; I can’t agree with this statement because..; to my mind; as far as

I know; on the contrary; etc.

1. Social responsibility is the idea that business has certain obligations to

society beyond the pursuit of profit.

2. An ethical dilemma occurs when an individual makes an unethical decision,

as for example, selling trade secrets to competitors.

3. Companies have responsibility to society, to consumers, to employees, and to investors.

4. The problem of pollution is pervasive only in industrialized countries, not in

developing ones.

5. The most noticeable form of air pollution is smog, created when emissions

from coal-burning factories and electric utility plants react with air.

6. At the federal level, President Richard M. Nixon announced a “bill of rights”

for consumers.

7. Consumers have the right to safety, the right to be informed, the right to

choose, and the right to be heard.

8. People are often discriminated against because of their ethnic background,

race, gender, age, religion, or physical ability.

9. The Civil Rights Act of 1995 extended the original act by allowing workers

to sue companies for discrimination.

10. Nowadays only a few companies are concerned about ethical issues.

11. Today, many companies are implementing diversity initiatives designed to

encourage understanding of the cultures and talents of all individuals.

12. Organizational cultures are becoming less open, as a climate of openness

and trust encourages worse performance and less loyalty from employees.

13. Companies are working to improve the health and safety of their

employees, motivated by genuine concern only.

14. Any action that cheats the investors out of their rightful profits is unethical.

15. Operations like a Ponzi scheme may be classified as misrepresenting

the investment.

16. Investors shouldn’t be especially careful of opportunities advertised over

the Internet because these days Internet is a reliable means of

communication.

17. Although insider trading is illegal, it is difficult to police.

18. Less than 10 percent of large companies have adopted a written code of

ethics.

19. Companies that are sincerely interested in operating ethically do work

hard to respond appropriately to whistle-blowing.

20. One way to encourage employees to speak up is to offer the whistle-

blower a bounty.

2. Match the terms on the left with the definitions on the right:

1. ethics 2. ethical dilemma 3. ethical lapse 4. stakeholders 5. consumerism 6. minorities 7. code of ethics 8. pollution 9. insider trading 10. discrimination 11. affirmative action 12. ecology

a. movement that pressures businesses to consider consumer needs and interests b. damage or destruction to the natural environment caused by human activities c. in a social and economic sense, categories of people that society at large singles out for discriminatory, selective, or unfavorable treatment d. written statement setting forth the principles that should guide an organization’s decisions e. employee’s or manager’s use of unpublicized information gained in the course of his or her job to benefit from fluctuations in the stock market f. situation in which both sides of an issue can be supported with valid arguments g. in a social and economic sense, denial of opportunities to individuals on the basis of some characteristic that has no bearing on their ability to perform in a job h. situation in which an individual makes an unethical decision i. study of standards of conduct and individual choices based on rules, values, and moral beliefs j. individuals or groups to whom business has a responsibility k. study of the relationships between living things in the water, air, and soil, their environments, and the nutrients that support them l. activities undertaken by businesses to recruit and promote women and minorities, based on an analysis of the work force and the available labor pool

3. Match the words on the left with their equivalents on the right:

1. influence 2. standard 3.senior management 4. comply 5. ignore 6. cheat 7. quit 8. executive 9. pollution 10. emerging economies 11. purify 12. be aware 13. prompt 14. opportunity 15. battle 16. promotion 17. integrity 18. sink 18. dupe 19. police 20. injure

a. fight b. know c. honesty d. control e. affect f. induce g. norm h. invest i. trick j. job advancement k. disregard l. top management m. yield n. shortchange o. contamination p. hurt q. clean r. manager s. developing countries t. chance u. give up one’s job

4. Vocabulary: honesty anddishonesty

a) The sets of words and phrases below are related either to honesty or

to dishonesty.Which word is different from the others in each set?

Use a good dictionary to help you.

1 trustworthy law-abiding crooked

2 a slush fund a sweetener compensation

3 insider trading industrial espionage disclosure

4 a whistle-blower a swindler a conman

5 a bribe a bonus a commission

6 fraud deceit integrity

b) Complete these sentences with words and phrases from the sets

above. Choose from the first set to complete sentence 1, from the

second set to complete sentence 2, and so on.

1. Our company does nothing illegal. We are very law-abiding.

2. We’ve got ………. which is used in countries where it is difficult to do

business without offering bribes.

3. Their car looked so much like our new model. We suspect ………. .

4. They fired him because he was ………. . He informed the press that the

company was using under-age workers in the factory.

5. He denied accepting ………. when he gave the contract to the most

expensive supplier.

6. I admire our chairman. He’s a man of his word and is greatly respected for

his ………. .

5. Find in the text English equivalents for the following:

Предмет спора; чувство правильного и неправильного; правила поведения; нравственная дилемма; веские аргументы; нравственный проступок; как словами, так и делами; если проблемы общества игнорируются; откликаться на нужды людей; защита окружающей среды; гражданские права; защита потребителей; загрязнение окружающей среды; глобальное потепление; парниковый эффект; вещества, известные сейчас как приносящие вред здоровью; ежедневное бездумное пользование водными ресурсами; считать себя защитниками окружающей среды; новейший подход; находить эффективные способы; путём использования альтернативных материалов; утилизировать отходы; билль о правах; право на безопасность; право на информацию; право на выбор; право быть услышанным; субъекты экономической дискриминации; только лишь на основании расовой принадлежности, пола, возраста, физических недостатков или религии; в социальном и экономическом смысле; увеличение занятости меньшинств; осознавать важность сохранения добрых человеческих отношений; атмосфера открытости и доверия; служебный рост как основной источник удовлетворения работой; доказывать честность и прямоту делами и словами; улучшать здоровье и безопасность служащих; доводить до минимума физическое напряжение работников; растущее число вкладчиков; считать чрезвычайно важным; обманным путём изымать законные доходы вкладчиков; жертвы финансовых махинаций; обещать 160 % годовых; « финансовая пирамида»; прибыль с вложенных денег; в наше время высоких технологий; одурачивать недальновидных вкладчиков; компании с сомнительной репутацией; прослеживать махинации по Интернету; мошенничать на счетах расходов; раздувать счета; ещё одна распространённая уловка; незаконные сделки с ценными бумагами и использованием конфиденциальной информации; быть озабоченными этическими проблемами; разрабатывать подходы; моральный кодекс; определять ценности и принципы; система, благодаря которой служащие могут получать помощь; сильная лидерская позиция; телефоны доверия для решения этических вопросов; сообщать о неэтичном поведении; испытывать на себе притеснение по службе, финансовое давление и эмоциональный стресс; сохранять анонимность.