- •«Финансовый университет
- •Предисловие
- •Часть 1:
- •Часть 2:
- •Into the Modern Era (1950s – Present)
- •Vocabulary list
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Violence in Schools
- •Ian says:
- •Unit II
- •Vocabulary list
- •Text b What are Microeconomics and Macroeconomics?
- •Vocabulary List
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Part 2 Text a The system of higher education in the United States
- •Text b Education in the United States
- •Community Colleges
- •The Ivy League
- •Glossary
- •Unit III
- •Opportunity Costs
- •Vocabulary list
- •Planned Economies
- •Market Economies
- •Vocabulary list
- •Mixed Economy
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •How to Choose a University Course
- •Unit IV Part 1 Competition
- •Vocabulary List
- •Vocabulary List
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Part 2 TextA
- •Strengths and Weaknesses of a Student
- •How to be motivated to start studying
- •Instructions:
- •Tips & warnings
- •How to be a good student
- •Instructions:
- •Unit V Part 1 Money: History and Functions
- •History of the word “money”
- •Functions of money
- •Money as a medium of exchange
- •Money as a store of value
- •Money as a unit of account
- •Vocabulary list
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Money and the Meaning of Life
- •Respect & recognition
- •Personal satisfaction
- •Unit VI Part 1 Forms of Money
- •Commodity money
- •Metallic money
- •Metallic coins
- •History Paper money
- •Obligations
- •Gold Standard
- •Gold Exchange Standard
- •Vocabulary List
- •Intrinsic value, bill of exchange, scarcity, durability, fiat money, nominal value, gold standard, legal tender
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •It’s All Who You Know
- •The Effect of Part-Time Jobs on Students
- •Unit VII
- •Movements in individual prices and in the general price level
- •Measurement issues
- •Consumer Price Index
- •Measurement problems
- •Nominal and real variables
- •Vocabulary list
- •Hyperinflation
- •Vocabulary list
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Part 2 From College to Career
- •Navigate Change: 3 Tips to Manage the Transition from College to Career
- •1. Small Steps
- •2. Small Dreams
- •3. Big Belief
- •1. Do you prefer to study…
- •2. Do you study best…
- •3. Do you prefer to work…
- •Goldsmith to Banker
- •Vocabulary list
- •Text b The Bank of England
- •Vocabulary list
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Career: Economist
- •Unit IX Part 1 Globalization
- •The Pros and Cons of Globalization
- •Vocabularylist
- •Interaction, globalization, cross-border, controversial, vulnerability, interdependence, integration
- •Text b Russia and Globalization
- •Vocabulary list
- •Writing
- •Part 2 Why learn languages?
- •10 Good reasons why you should be learning a foreign language
- •Text a British educational and foreign language policy
- •I. Single European Market
- •II. European Monetary Institute
- •III. Ecb and the euro
- •Vocabulary List
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Part 2 Defining a 21st Century Education: At a Glance
- •Appendix I Communication Skills
- •Greetings and Introductions
- •Introductions – Social Language
- •Informal Greetings: Arriving
- •Informal Greetings: Departing
- •Travel Greetings - Social Language
- •Social Contacts: Starting a Conversation
- •Five Basic Facts
- •Hobbies / Free Time
- •Social Contacts: Speaking to Strangers; Special Days
- •Interrupting
- •Special Days
- •Social Contacts: Small Talk
- •Social Contacts: First Name, Last Name Or Title?
- •Expressing opinion
- •Making Suggestions
- •Construction
- •Stating a Preference
- •Construction
- •Disagreeing
- •Giving Advice
- •Construction
- •Contrasting Ideas
- •Construction
- •Asking for Information and Explanations
- •Construction
- •Task: Make up short dialogues using the above constructions. Demanding Explanations
- •Construction
- •Telephoning (I) Telephone English - Important Phrases
- •Telephone English - Leaving Messages
- •Telephoning (II) Business Telephone Conversation Patterns
- •Interrupting
- •Negotiations
- •Glossary
- •Negotiations Stages. The language
- •1 Opening the Negotiations
- •2 Clarifying Proposals
- •3 Exploring the Zone of Bargaining and Options
- •4 Bargaining
- •5 Entering the Critical Phase
- •Identifying obstacles:
- •6 Closing
- •The Negotiation Process
- •Language to use to show understanding/agreement on a point:
- •Language to use for objection on a point or offer:
- •Markus Opens the Negotiations
- •Appendix II
- •Summary Writing
- •If you must use the words of the author, cite them.
- •Gist Writing
- •Getting the gist
- •Appendix III
- •I. Preparation and Planning
- •I.1 Essential Preparation and Planning Checklist
- •I.2 Other questions concerning physical aspects.
- •II. Structure of an Oral Presentation
- •II.1.D Give title and introduce subject
- •II.1.E Give your objectives (purpose, aim, goals)
- •II.1.F Announce your outline.
- •II.3 The end or conclusion
- •II.3.A Content
- •II.3.B Dealing with difficult questions
- •Summary of Part II
- •III. Visuals
- •Vocabulary of graphs/chart
- •IV. A Relationship with the Audience
- •V. Body Language
- •VI. Voice and Pronunciation
- •Заключение
- •List of Literature
- •Internet sources:
- •Благодарности
- •Contents
Appendix III
Oral Presentation Skills
Definition: Presentation is the practice of showing and explaining the content of a topic to an audience or learner.
Here are the essential elements and some tips on preparing and organizing a successful oral presentation in English or any other language to be presented to fellow students, colleagues or other interested groups.. The same structure can also be used to some extent in the context of a written text, i.e. dividing the text into three parts - introduction, development and conclusion. Other useful elements for the written text include expressions to indicate lists, narrative, links and examples.
It is also important to remember that there are perhaps several formulae for an oral presentation, this being just one. Are you explaining a procedure, trying to convince or persuade, give information or outline possible courses of action? What you are trying to do in your presentation should have a bearing on how you present. There are also cultural aspects to take into consideration in that different communities will react differently to the same presentation.
Each one will expect and react in various ways according to the linguistic, scientific, academic or business culture it is familiar with. Different people speak in different ways in different languages and different conventions depending on to whom, where, when and why they are speaking. All of these questions are, of course, vital to take into consideration during the preparation.
Remember: anyone can give a good presentation. Don’t worry if you are not naturally extrovert. Preparation and practice can be the keys to success!
I. Preparation and Planning
I.1 Essential Preparation and Planning Checklist
This is a checklist of the essential elements to consider in preparing and planning an oral presentation. Use it yourself by filling in the boxes on the right under “My Ideas”.
questions to ask yourself |
examples |
my ideas
|
1. What is the aim? |
get an idea about an economic notion to adopt my recommendations to join the club to give me a job |
|
2. What is my title? |
role of money in the society How to reduce production costs The INT Chess Club |
|
3. Who am I speaking to? |
What are the benefits to the audience of my product/report/speech? Are these people the decision makers? What do they know of the subject? What sort of questions will they ask me? What are the answers? What aspects will they be interested in? |
|
4. What are the main points I want to make? |
1, 2, 3; first, second, third; point a, point b, point c |
|
5. What do I want the audience to do after listening to my presentation?
|
We must invite them: to start a discussion to accept my findings to join the club to give me a job |
|
I.2 Other questions concerning physical aspects.
Who is the audience?
How many people will there be in the audience?
Check beforehand, if you can, the place where you are going to make your presentation and some technical aspects, such as equipment you may need, the necessity of handout materials etc.
When?
What time of day is it? What day is it? Will the audience be more or less receptive when listening?
How long?
In relation to what the audience knows or time constraints, what can I eliminate if necessary?
Other
Am I dressed appropriately? Shoes polished? Are my hands and fingernails clean?
Experienced presenters are able to improvise and adapt to changing circumstances
but you may have only one chance to present your information, so be prepared.