- •English For it Students
- •Предисловие
- •Vocabulary:
- •Central Processing Unit (cpu)
- •Vocabulary:
- •Unit 2. Programming
- •Creating Computer Programs
- •Vocabulary:
- •Structured and Object-Oriented Programming
- •Vocabulary:
- •Unit 3. Databases Text 7 Databases and Database Management Systems
- •Database Structures
- •Unit 4. Networks
- •Network Structures
- •Vocabulary:
- •A(an) __________ is a way to connect computers so that they can communicate, exchange information, and share resources in real time.
- •Network Topologies
- •Internet
- •Vocabulary:
- •Unit 5. Information Systems
- •Building Information Systems
- •Vocabulary:
- •Part II
- •Unit 1. Computers around Us
- •Importance of Computer Literacy
- •Shapes of Computers Today
- •Technical Documentation
- •Types of Documentation
- •Computing Issues That Affect Us All Computer Crime
- •Computer Viruses
- •Unit 2. Input, Output, Storage Devices
- •The Mouse
- •Variants of the Mouse
- •Alternative Methods of Input Devices for the Hand
- •Optical Input Devices
- •Audiovisual Input Devices
- •Monitors and Sound Systems Monitors
- •Pc Projectors
- •Sound Systems
- •Printers
- •Types of Storage Devices
- •Magnetic Storage Devices
- •Unit 3. Operating System
- •Types of Operating Systems
- •Windows xp
- •Brief History of Linux
- •Unit 4. Application Software
- •Word Processing Software
- •Desktop Publishing Software
- •Spreadsheet Software
- •Database Management System
- •Presentation Programs
- •Managing the Small or Home Office
- •Working With Images Computer Platforms Used for Graphics
- •Types of Graphics Files
- •Getting Images Into Your Computer
- •Graphics Software
- •Digital Photography
- •Photography the Old Way
- •Multimedia
- •Creating and Distributing New Media Content
- •Technologies That Support New Media
- •Distributing New Media Content
- •Virtual Reality
- •Uses for Virtual Reality
- •Vr Hardware and Software
- •Pc As an Entertainment Center
- •Utility Software
- •Unit 5. Processor and Memory cpUs Used in Personal Computers
- •Universal Serial Bus (usb)
- •Musical Computers
- •Flash Memory and Cache Memory Flash Memory
- •Cache Memory
- •Memory and Computing Power
- •Unit 6. Programming
- •Visual Programming
- •Fourth-generation Programming Languages
- •Artificial Intelligence
- •Some Examples of ai Techniques
- •Building an Artificial Brain
- •Unit 7. Networks and the Internet Networking at Home and Around the World Data Communications Over Standard Telephone Lines
- •Networks in the Home
- •Isdn, t1, and t3
- •Dsl Technologies
- •Avoiding a Tangled Mess
- •From the History of the Internet
- •Getting Online, Working Online Accessing the Internet
- •Connecting a pc to the Internet
- •Commerce on the World Wide Web
- •Getting Published on the Internet
- •Minding Your Manners Online
- •Graphics Piracy on the Internet
- •Ignorance Is No Excuse
- •Staying Out of Trouble
- •Freebies on the Web
- •Personal Web Pages
- •Unit 8. Information Security Protecting Your Online Privacy
- •Macro Viruses
- •Viruses That Do Not Require Attachments
- •Protecting Yourself
- •Vocabulary
- •Литература:
- •Содержание Part I Computer Basics
Vocabulary:
overview ['ouvq'vju:] – обзор
computer system [kqm'pju:tq 'sistqm] – компьютерная система
electronic [ilek'tronik] – электронный
device [di'vais] – устройство
to use [ju:z] – применять, использовать
user ['ju:zq] – пользователь
useful ['ju:sful] – полезный
to process [prqu'ses] = to manipulate [mq'nipjuleit] – обрабатывать
processing [prqu'sesiN] – обработка
word processing [wq:d prqu'sesiN] – текстовая обработка
data ['deitq] – данные
to convert [kqn'vWt] – преобразовывать
complete [kqm'pli:t] – полный, завершённый, законченный
to include [ink'lu:d] – включать в себя
hardware ['hRdwFq] – аппаратное обеспечение
software ['softwFq] – программное обеспечение
13. application [‚xpli'keiSn] – приложение
application software [‚xpli'keiSn 'softwFq] – прикладное программное обеспечение
to consist (of) [kqn'sist] – состоять (из)
part [pRt] – часть
to know (knew, known) [nqu] – знать
known (as) [nqun] – известный (как)
set [set] – набор
instruction [ins'trAkSn] – инструкция, команда
to control [kqn'trqul] – управлять, контролировать
number ['nAmbq] – число
sound [saund] – звук
image ['imiG] – изображение
inside ['in'said] – внутрь, внутри
machine [mq'Si:n] – машина, механизм
processor [prqu'sesq] – процессор = central processing unit (ЦП) ['sentrql prqu'sesiN 'ju:nit] – ЦП (центральный процессор)
memory ['memqri] – память
input device ['input di'vais] – устройство ввода
output device ['autput di'vais] – устройство вывода
storage ['storiG] – запоминающее устройство
function ['fANkSn] = task [tRsk] = purpose ['pq:pqs] – функция = задача = цель, назначение
to divide [di'vaid] – делить
brain [brein] – мозг
to hold [hquld] (held, held) – хранить (информацию)
common ['komn] – общий, обычный, универсальный
unit of measure ['ju:nit qv 'meZq] – единица измерения
to provide [prq'vaid] – обеспечивать
another [q'nADq] – другой
source [sLs] – источник
keyboard ['ki:bLd] – клавиатура
mouse [maus] – мышь
to present [pri'zent] – представлять
communication [kq‚mju:ni'keiSn] – обмен информацией
network interface card ['netwq:k 'intqfeis kRd] – сетевая интерфейсная плата
to perform [pq'fLm] = to accomplish [q'kompliS] – выполнять
both … and … [bquT xnd] – как … так и …
allow [q'lau] – позволять
to share [SFq] – разделять, совместно (коллективно) использовать
currently ['kArqntli] – в настоящее время
floppy disk ['flopi disk] – гибкий диск
Digital Video Disk (DVD) ['diGitql 'vidiqu disk] – цифровой видеодиск
certain ['sq:tn] – определённый
particular [pq'tikju:lq] – особый, особенный, специфический
to run [rAn] (ran, run) = to execute ['eksikju:t] – выполнять (программу, команду), исполнять
operating system ['opqreitiN 'sistqm] – операционная система
to interact ['intqrxkt] – взаимодействовать
to attach [q'txC] – прикреплять, присоединять
to require [ri'kwaiq] – требовать
important [im'pLtqnt] – важный
kind [kaind] – вид, тип
spreadsheet ['spredSi:t] – электронная таблица
database management ['deitqbeis 'mxnqGmqnt] – управление данными
entertainment [‚entq'teinmqnt] – развлечение
education [‚edju:'keiSn] – образование
design tools [di'zain tu:lz] – средства проектирования
utility [ju:'tiliti] – обслуживающая программа, служебная программа
network ['netwq:k] – сеть
networking ['netwq:kiN] – организация сети, создание сети, объединение в сеть
II. Answer the following questions:
What is a computer?
What components does a computer system include?
What is hardware? software? data?
What does the hardware consist of?
What components of a computer system perform data processing?
What is the function of memory?
What are the most common units of measure for memory?
What task do input devices perform?
What is the purpose of output devices?
What devices perform input and output functions?
What function do storage devices perform?
What is a program?
What is the task of an operating system?
What are the examples of application software?
III. Tell whether the following statements are true or false:
A computer is an electronic device used to process data.
To perform processing, the computer uses two components: the processor and memory.
The most common unit of measurement for computer memory is the bit.
Printers and monitors are the most common types of output devices.
A network interface card can perform both input and output functions.
The purpose of storage devices is to hold data.
Storage and memory are the same thing.
DVD stands for “Digital Video Device”.
Software is a set of electronic instructions, which allows a computer to perform a certain task.
When a computer is using a program, it is said to be controlling that program.
The operating system is an example of application software.
Application software help people accomplish specific tasks.
IV. Fill in the blanks:
A computer is an __________ device used for processing data.
A computer system consists of __________, __________, people and data.
Software, or _________, includes __________ for controlling the computer.
Data is __________, ___________, ___________ and __________.
The hardware of a computer consists of _________, ________, _________ and _________.
The units of measure for memory are _______, _______, ______, _______ and ________.
Input devices _________ data from the user or another source.
Communications devices allow computers ________ information.
Programs are electronic _________ that tell the computer how to accomplish certain tasks.
Some important kinds of application software are _______, ________, ________, ________, ________, _________.
V. Choose the right answer:
The term (термин) “hardware” refers to (относится к)
The physical parts of the computer
Interconnected (взаимосвязанные) electronic devices
Any part of the computer you can touch (трогать)
All the above
2. The term “software” refers to
Electronic instructions that allow the computer perform tasks
Disks
Anything that is not hardware
None of the above
Data consists of
Electronic instructions c. Only text
Raw (сырые) facts the computer stores and reads d. Files
Which of the following is not a category of computer hardware?
Processor c. Input and output devices
Data d. Storage
5. Which of the following is an example of an input device?
a. Printer c. Keyboard
b. Floppy disk d. All the above
In a computer, what type of device accepts (принимает) data and instructions from the user?
Output devices c. Input devices
Storage devices d. Memory
The most common storage is
Network Interface Card c. Floppy disk
Memory d. None of the above
Because early (первые) diskettes were thin (тонкие), they came to be known as
Compact disks c. Magnetic disks
Floppy disks d. All the above
VI. Match each item to the correct statement below:
Input device c. Storage device
b. Output device d. Communications device
Modem. 3. Keyboard. 5. Digital Video Disk.
2. Network interface card. 4. Printer. 6. Monitor.
a. Input c. Processing e. Operating system
b. Output d. Memory
7. Devices such as a keyboard and a mouse fall into this category.
8. Transforming raw data into useful information.
9. UNIX.
10. A printer is an example of this type of device.
11. Stores data and programs.
VII. Speak on the contents of the text using the following chart:
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