МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ

РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

ГОУ ВПО «НОВОСИБИРСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ

ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ»

Е.А. Костина, Э.В. Усенкова, Л.С. Драгунова

ВТОРАЯ СПЕЦИАЛЬНОСТЬ – АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

(для студентов III курса)

Допущено Учебно-методическим объединением

по направлениям педагогического образования

Министерства образования и науки РФ

в качестве учебно-методического пособия

для студентов высших учебных заведений,

обучающихся по направлению 540300 (050300)

Филологическое образование

Новосибирск 2009

УДК – 811.111 (075.8)

ББК – 81.432.1 – 923

Рецензенты:

канд. филол. наук, доц., директор переводческого агентства «АУМ»

Аврасина Т.Ю.

канд. пед. наук, доц., зав. каф. иностранного языка ГОУ ВПО НГПУ

Волкова А.А.

А – 647 Костина Е.А., Усенкова Э.В., Драгунова Л.С.

Вторая специальность – английский язык (для студентов III курса): учебно-методическое пособие. – Новосибирск, 2009. – 152 с.

Пособие предназначено для студентов, изучающих английский язык второй год как дополнительную специальность, а также для широкого круга лиц, желающих совершенствовать свои знания английского языка.

Цель пособия – привить навыки устной и письменной речи по предложенным разговорным темам и поднять уровень владения грамматикой.

УДК – 811.111 (075.8)

ББК – 81.432.1 – 923

© ГОУ ВПО НГПУ

© Костина Екатерина Алексеевна,

Усенкова Элеонора Валерьевна,

Драгунова Лариса Сергеевна

Contents

Введение………………………………………………………….5

1. Topics…………………………………………………………...6

Holidays in Russia………………………………………………6

Books and Reading……………………………………………...11

At the Theatre…………………………………………………...30

Cinema………………………………………………………… 39

At the Post-Office……………………………………………… 48

Meals at Home and Dining Out…………………………………72

2. Grammar………………………………………………………..97

The Use of Articles with the Names of Seasons……………… 97

The Use of Articles with the Names of Meals…………………98

The Use of Articles with the Noun “Town”………………….. 100

The Use of Articles with Material and Abstract Nouns………. 100

The Past Perfect Tense (Active Voice)………………………. 104

The Future Perfect Tense (Active Voice)……………………. 106

The Passive Voice of the Indefinite Tenses………………….. 108

The Passive Voice of the Perfect Tenses………………………112

The Passive Voice of the Continuous Tenses………………… 114

The Present Perfect Continuous Tense……………………….. 116

The Past Perfect Continuous Tense…………………………… 125

The Future Perfect Continuous Tense………………………… 131

The Sequence of Tenses………………………………………. 133

Indirect (Reported) Speech…………………………………….135

Modal Verbs…………………………………………………...141

References………………………………………………………...152

Введение

Настоящее пособие предназначено для студентов III курса языкового факультета, продолжающих изучать английский как второй язык, и представляет собой набор лексических и грамматических тем, ранее студентами не изучавшихся.

Основная цель данного пособия – дать студентам новые и более глубокие знания по лексике и грамматике английского языка на основе уже полученных во время первого года обучения элементарных знаний по данным аспектам языка; нашей основной задачей является привить студентам более прочные навыки и умения в практическом применении знаний, полученных при изучении лексического и грамматического материала.

Пособие состоит из двух частей. Первая часть включает такие устные темы, как Кино и театр, Книги, Праздники, Работа почты, а также тему, связанную с Приемом пищи дома и вне его. Во вторую часть вошел грамматический материал, объясняющий правила образования и употребления перфектных времен в активном и пассивном залоге, правила согласования времен, косвенную речь, модальные глаголы и правила использования артиклей с определенными группами имен существительных. Обе части снабжены большим количеством практических упражнений.

Авторы

TOPICS

HOLIDAYS IN RUSSIA

Vocabulary

to celebrate — праздновать

celebration — празднование

independence — независимость

to see something in — встречать (праздник)

to greet something with something — приветствовать

Christmas — Рождество

religious — религиозный

ally — союзник

to defeat — разгромить

anniversary — годовщина

magnificent — величественный

to commemorate — увековечить

wreath — венок

tomb — плита, могила

to broadcast — транслировать

to participate — участвовать

to elect — выбирать

defender — защитник

Easter — Пасха

knowledge — знание

Father Frost — Дед Мороз

to demonstrate — демонстрировать

demonstration: to go on a demonstration — ходить на демонстрацию

to be in good mood (in high spirits) — быть в хорошем настроении

to decorate something with something — украшать

slogan — лозунг

coloured balloon — цветной воздушный шар

academic year — учебный год

ornaments and lights — украшения и лампочки

guest — гость

eve — канун

to glitter — сверкать, сиять

Holidays in Russia

There are many national holidays in Russia, when people all over the country do not work and have special celebrations. The major holidays are: New Year’s Day, Women’s Day, May Day, Victory Day and Independence Day.

The first holiday of the year is New Year’s Day. People see the New Year in at midnight on the 31st of December. They greet the New Year with champagne and listen to the Kremlin chimes beating 12 o’clock.

There are lots of New Year traditions in Russia. In every home there is a New Year tree glittering with coloured lights and decorations. Children always wait for Father Frost to come and give them presents. Many people consider New Year’s Day to be a family holiday. But the young prefer to have New Year parties of their own.

A renewed holiday in our country is Christmas. It is celebrated on the 7th of January. It’s a religious holiday and a lot of people go to church services on that day.

On the 8th of March we celebrate Women’s Day when men are supposed to do everything about the house and cook all the meals.

The greatest national holiday in our country is Victory Day. On the 9th of May 1945, the Soviet Army and its allies completely defeated the German fascists and the Second World War and the Great Patriotic War ended. Every year we celebrate the anniversary of this great event. Many veterans take part in the military parade and lay wreaths on the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. All stand in silence for a minute. Radio and television broadcast popular war songs all day long. A lot of guests from different countries of the world come to Moscow to participate in the celebration.

Independence Day is a new holiday in our country. On the 12th of June, 1992, the first President of Russia was elected.

We also celebrate Day of the Defender of Motherland on the 23rd of February, Easter, Day of Knowledge and lots of professional holidays which are not public holidays and banks, offices and schools do not close.

I. Answer the following questions, using the vocabulary of the Lesson.

1. Which of our holidays do you like best of all? 2. When do we celebrate Women’s Day? 3. Do you usually invite guests to your holidays? 4. What do you usually wish people on New Year’s Eve? 5. When do people usually laugh, joke, dance and sing? 6. Who do you usually see New Year in with? 7. Do you take part in holiday demonstrations? 8. What holidays do people go on demonstrations on?

II. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.

1. On the 1st of September about 60 million pupils and students start the academic year. 2. Knowledge is power: the more man knows the greater power he has. 3. You get knowledge at school and also from books, from magazines and from radio and TV programmes. 4. Knowledge of history helps to understand the past, the present and the future. 5. Christmas is the day when Christians celebrate the birth of Jesus Christ. 6. We prepare for New Year’s Day weeks before. We buy gifts for our family and friends. We choose a tree and decorate it with ornaments and lights. And we cook special food.

III. Make up dialogues basing on the text “Holidays in Russia”. Choose any situation you like. For example:

a) you and your friend talk about holidays in Russia;

b) you tell a foreigner about Russian holidays.

IV. Read the dialogues and act them out with proper intonation.

On New Year’s Eve

Mary: Hallo, Ann! Glad to meet you. I haven’t seen you for ages. Where’ve you been all this time?

Ann: I’ve just come back from St. Petersburg.

Mary: Oh, I see. Where are you going to see the New Year in?

Ann: I haven’t thought of it yet. And what about you?

Mary: I’ve invited a few friends to my place. You’ll join us, won’t you?

Ann: With great pleasure, thank you.

At Table

Mary: Help yourself to some more cake.

Ann: No, thank you. I’ve had quite enough. I’d like another cup of tea.

Mary: Shall I fetch you a cup of tea too, Peter?

Peter: No, thank you. I don’t want any more tea. Let’s have a dance.

V. Give three forms of the verbs.

To be, to have, to see, to beat, to come, to give, to go, to do, to build, to take, to lay, to stand, to broadcast.

VI. Translate the sentences from Russian into English.

1. Кто еще хочет принять участие в демонстрации? 2. Когда он вошел в комнату, гости все еще танцевали. 3. Какой праздник вам очень нравится? 4. Я еще не представил вам всех своих гостей. 5. Кого еще вы собираетесть пригласить на свой день рождения? 6. Где вы будете первого мая? — Я собираюсь поехать в Санкт-Петербург. Я никогда не был там и очень хочу посмотреть этот город, особенно в праздничные дни. 7. Где вы будете встречать Новый год? — Я думаю встречать Новый год у Ковровых. 8. Где вы будете праздновать Женский День?

VII. Read some more information about the Russian holidays. Use this information, find some additional material and have a round-table talk “Holidays in Russia”: tell about different Russian holidays in detail.

Day of the Defender of Motherland

(February, 23)

The history of this holiday dates back to the Soviet times. The Soviet Army was organized in 1918 to defend the Soviet Republic.

On the 23rd of February, 1918, the German invaders were stopped near Narva and Pskov on the way to Petrograd. The day of the first victory won by the young Red Army became its birthday.

Since 1918 the Red Army has always defended our Motherland and fought for world peace. During the Great Patriotic War of 1941 – 1945 the Red Army defeated the enemies in the West and in the East and liberated the peoples of many countries.

May Day – Holiday of Peace, Spring and Labour

(May, 1)

May Day was born in the USA almost 100 years ago and it became the world workers’ holiday in 1889. First in America, then in Europe, the workers began to meet on May Day to fight for an eight-hour working day. In 1890 the first May Day meeting was held in Hyde Park, London. So many people came, one newspaper man thought, “the whole London” was there.

Since that time May Day has become an international workers’ day to demonstrate working-class unity.

Now in Russia this holiday is called Holiday of Peace, Spring and Labour.

Victory Day

(May, 9)

The Great Patriotic War ended in May, 1945. That spring day of May, 9 went down into the history of our country as Victory Day. It is celebrated by meetings and marches. People bring flowers to the monuments where war heroes are buried. War veterans tell young people how they fought during the war to defend the country.

Victory was won at a high price. The people of our country had to fight against the fascists from the White Sea in the north to the Black Sea in the south. They defended Moscow and Stalingrad and thousands of other towns and villages. They helped the peoples of many other countries to become free from fascism. The heroic Soviet people not only defended their own country, they saved the world.

But Victory Day is not only the day to remember those who did not come back from the war. It is the day to be proud of all progressive people who took an active part in winning the victory over the fascists and helped the Soviet Army.

At the same time, on Victory Day we not only remember the past. We must think about the future and defend peace.

Day of Knowledge

(September, 1)

The 1st of September is a national holiday in our country. It is the Day of Knowledge. On that day students start their academic year.

Knowledge is power; the more one knows the greater power one has. You get knowledge at school, and also from books, from magazines, and from radio and TV programmes. Good knowledge of school subjects will help you later to learn more difficult things.

Knowledge of history, for example, helps to understand the past, the present and the future. If you know other school subjects well, they will certainly help you in your life. You will be able to use your knowledge when you need it in your studies or in your work. Our industry will develop further on, so workers and engineers will still need more and more knowledge.

Knowledge of other languages is very useful, especially if you have to work for your country abroad or if you must read foreign literature in the original. If you know the language of a foreign country, you can talk to its people and understand what they say. Knowledge of foreign languages also helps young people of different countries to develop friendship and understanding.

The Day of Knowledge is celebrated by schoolchildren and their teachers. Veteran workers, engineers and scientists come to meet them in classrooms. They tell the young people about the role of knowledge in their lives.

We need knowledge to be active, useful citizens of our country.

BOOKS AND READING

1. Classes of books: light/heavy reading; fiction/non-fiction; science fiction; biography; poetry; books about political, social, economic subjects; travel books, romances; thrillers; adventure/love stories; detective stories; fairy-tales and fantasies; ghost stories and mysteries; animal stories and family stories.

2. The physical appearance of books: to keep books clean and shiny; to bend a book in half; a book with loose/dog-eared pages; a beautifully printed book; a cheap paperback (edition); an elegantly bound/pocket edition; soft/hard cover.

3. Reading habits: to form a reading habit early in life; to motivate and encourage reading; an avid/voluntary/infrequent reader; to read silently to oneself; to read incessantly; to read quickly but accurately; to read slowly and laboriously; to read effortlessly; to read curled up in a chair; to read deep into the night; to read oneself to sleep; to read for pleasure/for an examination; to be glued to a book for hours; to be/get lost in a book; to choose books according to subject/the author’s name; to browse through newspapers and periodicals; to scan/skim a magazine/article; to dip into/glance over/pore over/thumb through a book.

4. Library membership: to borrow books and gramophone records; to return/renew/request books; a borrower; a library ticket; a request card; to get/send reminder notices; to keep books which are overdue; to be suspended from the library; books on open reserve; books (not) available from a local library; a subject catalogue; a catalogue of authors and titles; magazine/reference/science sections in a library; to keep abreast of the developments in (electronics); subscriber; renewal.

5. Appreciation of books and authors: to favour modern/classical authors; a book that is certain to delight; to have a good/bad/high/low opinion of...; a trend to read relatively more non-fiction; a widespread indifference to (poetry); to get the fullest possible value from a book; to get the whole pleasure from...; to applaud or condemn (with an open mind); to pass judgement; to praise unreservedly; to leave a lasting impression.

Positive attributes: amusing, exciting, humorous, informative, entertaining, gripping, absorbing, lively, witty.

Negative characteristics: mediocre, lacking in originality, hackneyed, pompous, sentimental, repetitive, dull, boring, clumsy, rambling, heavy-handed, superficial, pretentious, wordy, dense, insipid.

Fiction (Художественная литература)

science fiction – научная фантастика

travel books – книги о путешествиях

adventure story – приключенческая повесть

detective story/whodunit [hu│dΛnIt] (shortened from Who’s done it?) – детективная повесть

humorous/funny story – юмористический/смешной рассказ

historical novel – исторический роман

psychological novel – психологический роман

exciting plot – интересный/волнующий сюжет

boring/dull book – скучная книга

educational subject – воспитательная тема

chapter – глава

contents – содержание

title/name – название (книги)

author – автор

principal character – главный персонаж (герой)

favourite hero/heroine – любимый герой/героиня

poetry, verses – поэзия, стихи

a well-read man – начитанный человек

keen reader/lover of books – любитель читать/книголюб

to read in the original – читать в оригинале

to read in translation – читать в переводе

leisure reading – чтение для отдыха

light (tiring) reading – легкое (утомительное) чтение

Phrases to Remember

What kind of reading do you prefer?

Что вы любите (предпочитаете) читать?