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III. Study the given bellow lexical units and provide their Ukrainian variant:

subject

the period being studied

recent events

participant

to resemble

to rely on

flaw

generally accepted

evidence

unquestionable

judgment

account book

to entertain as well as to inform

IV. Define the key sentences of the text.

V. Complete the following statements to develop the idea:

  • The historical method comprises …

  • Higher criticism combines such issues as …

  • Internal criticism includes …

  • A few basic steps in the work of historian are …

  • Primary sources are …

  • Secondary sources consist of …

  • For studying recent events historians use …

  • Basic historical facts are …

  • Some historians rely on …

  • Methods and tools, that historians use in their research, are …

VI. Give synonyms to the underlined words:

  • issue;

  • to interpret the information obtained;

  • useful data;

  • error;

  • account of events

VII. Explain the expressions in other words:

  • primary sources;

  • secondary sources;

  • motion pictures;

  • confidential reports;

  • meaning and significance;

  • to reveal most accurately

VIII. Find English equivalents for the following:

  • включати/охоплювати техніки та провідні принципи;

  • свідчення;

  • щоденник;

  • урядові документи/записи;

  • доповнювати;

  • нестача/брак інформації;

  • лише фрагменти;

  • безсторонній, неупереджений;

  • переконання та упередження;

  • надійне свідчення;

  • перепис населення

IX. Answer the questions on the text:

  1. What are the basic steps for historians to study some historical issue or person?

  2. Why are primary sources more preferable to historians than secondary ones?

  3. What kind of historical sources have you dealt with during your study at the faculty?

  4. Why is the work of historians described in the article as that of detectives?

  5. What are the ways to determine the reliability of the sources?

  6. Why do historians often disagree about the meaning of some historical events?

  7. Can you give the examples of using information from other social sciences to form interpretation of some historical events?

X. Make up a plan of the text in the form of statements.

XI. Give the summary of the text.

XII. Render the text close to its original variant.

XIII*. Use the sources available to find some additional information on the issue. Present your reports in class.

Unit V

I. Look through the words and expressions and learn them:

  • to purport – означати/мати за мету/претендувати;

  • to draw upon – залучати/використовувати;

  • insights – розуміння/усвідомлення;

  • to review newly discovered sources – переглядати нові знайдені джерела;

  • recent scholarship – нещодавні відкриття;

  • to call upon – бути вимушеним/відчувати потребу;

  • to furnish with a lineage – надавати докази про походження роду;

  • incompatible with – несумісний з;

  • to be based on presumed neutral analysis – засновуватися на імовірно безсторонньому аналізі;

  • notoriously biased toward smth. – сумно звісно упереджений щодо;

  • at the expense of – за рахунок;

  • freelance consultants – нештатний консультант;

  • buff – любитель/аматор