- •Vocabulary
- •1. Read the text. For each statement 1 to 8 below choose a) right, b) wrong or c) doesn’t say. Correct the false statements.
- •2. Match the historical systems of law (1 to 8) to their distinctive characteristics (a to h).
- •3. Make the Comparative and the Superlative forms of the adjectives.
- •5. Complete the sentences with was/wasn’t, were/weren’t and translate them.
- •6. Put the sentences in the Past Simple Tense. Make necessary changes.
- •7. Complete the sentences with the verbs in the Past Simple Tense.
- •8. Transform the following sentences into a) negative sentence, b) yes/no-question, c) or-question, d) tag-question, e) wh-questions and f) subject-question.
- •Vocabulary
- •10. Read text 2 and choose (a), (b) or (c) to answer the questions or complete the statements.
- •11. Match the sentence halves to make appropriate sentences.
- •12. Find the Passive verb forms (Present Simple or Past Simple) and translate the sentences into Russian.
- •13. Choose the proper verb form (Active or Passive).
- •14. Rewrite the sentences, changing the active to the passive and adding by where necessary. Make any other necessary changes.
- •15. Complete the sentences with appropriate forms of the verbs in brackets (present or past simple active or passive, participle I or II).
- •16. Use the comparative or superlative form of the adjective in brackets. Supply the where necessary.
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •17. Match the legal terms with their definitions.
- •18. Match the verbs 1 to 10 to the nouns that they go with. Make up 5 sentences with any of the collocations.
- •19. Give synonyms. Make up 7 sentences with any of them.
- •20. Replace the underlined parts of the sentences with appropriate words and phrases from the vocabulary lists on pp. 24 and 29.
- •22. Translate the chains of words into Russian. Complete the sentences with appropriate words from each chain.
- •23. Choose the best word to fill each gap from the alternatives given in the box below. There are some words that you don’t need.
- •24. Complete this text with the correct alternatives. Translate the text into Russian in written form.
- •25. Look again at Texts 1 and 2 and answer the questions.
- •26. Translate into English.
- •27. Speak on one of the following topics. Use the words and phrases provided below each topic.
- •1 Early systems of law.
- •2 Roman law and its influence.
- •28. Discuss in groups.
10. Read text 2 and choose (a), (b) or (c) to answer the questions or complete the statements.
-
1
What was the basis for justice in early Anglo-Saxon courts?
a) common law b) customary law c) equity
-
2
Common law is based on
a) the royal authority b) statutes c) judicial precedent
-
3
The system of equity developed
a) because few people had money to pay damages.
b) to compensate for the deficiencies1 of common law.
c) because the courts of chancery replaced the royal courts.
-
4
What did the English settlers bring across the Atlantic to America?
a) their traditions of common law
b) a new constitution
c) a new way of thinking
-
5
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
a) Before the institutional stability brought to England by William the Conqueror in 1066, English people were governed by unwritten local customs that varied from community to community.
b) In 1154, Henry II eliminated common law in England.
c) The Law Merchant was originally a body of rules and principles laid down by merchants themselves to regulate their business.
11. Match the sentence halves to make appropriate sentences.
-
Customary law
The opinions2 of courts, taken together,
The Law Merchant developed
Henry II developed
The term “common law”
In civil law countries, legislation
a)
a strong system of royal courts.
b)
because of the need for certain standards to regulate international trade.
c)
is the primary source of law.
d)
protects individual rights through non-violent means.
e)
comprise the common law.
f)
means law common to all country.
Grammar Review