Elephants
F
ossil
remains of elephants have been found in all continents except
Australia, but many of these have died out, and today the only
surviving species are the Asiatic (or Indian) and African elephants.
The Asiatic elephant – is found in forest areas of south-eastern Asia. The adult male weighs around 5 ½ tons*, on average, and is about 3 meters tall. Only the male develops tusks, and these are about 1 ½ meters long, although tusks up to 2 ½ meters long have been recorded. Asiatic elephants prefer cool, shady environments, and love bathing. They usually sleep lying down.
The African elephant – is found in many parts of Africa south of the Sahara. In contrast to the Asiatic elephant, the African elephant is generally larger. The largest elephant on record is an African one, killed in Angola in 1955. It weighed 12 tons and stood over 4 meters at the shoulder. The average weight, however, is six tons, and the average height is 2 ½ meters at the highest point. (The female is about ½ meter shorter). The African elephant has larger eyes that its Indian cousin. The main distinguishing feature, however, is the ears: the African elephant has much larger ears which are about one meter wide. Both sexes have tusks, and these are about 3 meters long on average. The African elephant is more tolerant of heat, and sleeps standing up.
*1 ton = 1016.046 kg
11 Work in pairs. Make up a dialogue according to the situation and roles.
You and your friend are taking part in the expedition in Africa. You found fossils of an elephant. Discuss what parts of the elephant you found, the age of fossils, the reason of its death and other details
12 Split the class into two parts. One part of the class watch the episode without sound. The second group listen to the sound without watching. Then both groups work together and reconstruct the episode.
WORDLIST
Acid rain
Air pollution
Avalanche
Beak
Biodiversity
Blizzard
Blubber
Bobcat
Calf
Cage
Captivity
Capture
Caravan
Carbon dioxide
Cattle farm
Cautiously
Chilly
Claw
Climate
Collision
Conservation
Consumption
Crab
Crop
Debris
Deforestation
Destruction
Disappearance
Domestic
Drizzling
Drought
Dune
Earthquake
Emission
Endangered
Epidemic
Existence
Extinction
Fallout
Famine
Fault
Feather
Fin
Flooding
Fog
Fold
Fossil
Freezing
Frost
Fur
Gale
Greenhouse effect
Habitat
Hail
Herbivorous
Herd
Hoof
Horn
Humid
Hunting
Hurricane
Influence
Insect
Irruption
Ivory
Jellyfish
Landslide
Lava
Lightning
Litter
Lobster
Mammals
Mammoth
Mane
Manta ray
Migration
Mild
Misery
Mist
Mollusk
Oasis
Ocelot
Octopus
Oil refinery
Ostrich
Paw
Poacher
Polar bear
Prawn
Predator
Protozoa
Rain forests
Recycling
Reduction
Reptile
Rescue
Rock pool
Rubbish
Safely
Sanctuary
Scallop
Sea gull
Seal
Sewage
Shallow
Shark
Shellfish
Shortage
Shower
Slaughter
Smog
Soil
Solution
Species
Star fish
Starling
Storm
Stride
Supply
Tail
Threat
Thunder
Tidal-wave
To adopt
To anchor
To breed
To collide
To conserve
To consume
To create
To expanse
To extinct
To graze on
To migrate
To overflow
To poach
To prevent
To prey upon
To submerse
To suffer
To surround
To threaten
To endanger
Tornado
Toxic
Traffic
Traffic jam
Trap
Trunk
Tsunami
Tundra
Turtle
Tusk
Typhoon
Vessel
Volcano
Water pollution
Wet
Wetland
Whale
Whisker
Whistle
Wild
Wildfire
Wing
Wood
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