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Contents

MODULE 9 THE NATURAL WORLD, WEATHER
LEVEL: Pre-Intermediate - Intermediate	6
UNIT 1 aNIMALS OR PETS? Grammar : Passive Voice	7
UNIT 2 WHAT’S UP WITH THE WEATHER? Grammar : Gerund	27
UNIT 3 WHAT ON EARTH IS GOING ON? Grammar : Perfect Gerund	48
UNIT 4 GREEN IS THE COLOR. Grammar : Revision	63
Video class “ELEPHANT EXHIBITION”	81
Word list	84
Bibliography	86
MODULE 10 CULTURE, CUSTOMS & TRADITIONS ALL OVER THE WORLD
LEVEL: Pre-Intermediate - Intermediate	88
UNIT 1 WHEN IN ROME, DO AS THE ROMANS DO Grammar : Future Continuous Tense and Future Perfect Tense	89
UNIT 2 GOOD LUCK, BAD LUCK Grammar : Past Perfect and Past Perfect Continuous Tenses	105
UNIT 3 SOMETHING OLD, SOMETHING NEW Grammar : Tag questions	121
UNIT 4 CELEBRATIONS ALL OVER THE WORLd Grammar : Revision	137
Video class 　“I DO”	152
Word list	158
Bibliography	160

Module 9 the natural world, weather

PRE-INTERMEDIATE – INTERMEDIATE

UNIT 1

ANIMALS OR PETS?

LEAD-IN

1 Choose one point and discuss it with a partner.

• Animals and people should live in harmony.

• Wild animals belong to nature: all zoos should be closed.

• It’s barbarous to kill animals for food and skins.

2 Look at the pictures and match each animal to the name from the list.

dolphin lion parrot tiger pig whale giraffe gorilla cow zebra penguin turtle chimpanzee shark alligator rhinoceros giant panda orangutan goat seal ostrich

READING

3 You are going to read a text about dolphins. Before reading answer the questions below.

• What do you know about dolphins? Are they fish or mammals?

• Can dolphins be compared with a man?

• Have you ever watched dolphins performance?

• Have you ever swum with dolphins in the open sea? Would you try? Why/ Why not?

4 Match the words 1- 5 from the text to their definitions A-E.

1. mammal A short distance from the bottom to the surface

2. internal B to protect something

3. conserve C a class of animals

4. unique D inside something

5. shallow E being the only one

5 Read the text and say if all points A-F are mentioned in the text.

A how long dolphins live D what dolphins are B how dolphins communicate E where dolphins live C how deep dolphins dive F how they stay warm

DOLPHINS AND MAN………..EQUAL?

Dolphins, like you and me, are mammals. They have babies and feed them on milk. They are warm- blooded. They have teeth, the four-chambered heart. Dolphins also have hair, but not very much. A dolphin's skin is very delicate and easily injured by rough surfaces--very similar to human skin. Dolphins are not fish, but they live in water. They can swim very well. They do not have legs but a tail. Also they have got fins to swim well. They weigh from seventy to five hundred kilos. Dolphins live in warm seas in many different parts of the world. They eat fish. Their life- period is about fifty years.

Bottlenose dolphins are shallow divers and typically don't go deeper than 150 feet. Even though their internal temperature is about 98 degrees, they need to conserve their body heat in colder water. Like most whales, the dolphin's body is surrounded by a thick layer of fat (called blubber) just under the skin that helps keep the dolphin warm. In 1965 Anthropologist Gregory Bateson made the discovery that dolphins live in social groups dominated by a leader. This tie is so strong that dolphins kept in total isolation will suffer ill health and possibly death.

Just like dogs, cats, and other mammals dolphins communicate by using sound, vision, touch, and taste. Dolphins don't have the ability to smell, however. Scientists do not think that dolphins have a language like humans. Each dolphin can make a unique signature whistle that may help individual dolphins recognize each other, but it may just help a dolphin know that some other dolphin is nearby. We don't know how intelligent they are because no one has given them an intelligence test! Most scientists believe that dolphins are on a level with chimpanzees and dogs. Dolphins can learn to perform certain actions. They learn best when actions are broken into small steps and they are given food or other rewards.