7. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту.

1. What is the difference in older people’s and children’s memories?

2. What is a bad side to cognitive memory?

3. What is the only way to succeed in changing the unwanted behavior?

4. What is enough to remember not to touch a hot stove>

5. What cannot the highly evolved brain capacity guarantee, according to Pr. Rose?

6. What must scientists call upon?

7. What may be the cause of Alzheimer’s disease?

8. Составьте аннотацию к тексту.

9. Составьте реферат текста (10-15 предложений).

10. Составьте план текста и устно перескажите текст.

Вариант 6

1. Переведите тексты на русский язык:

Birth of the Book to End All Books

This could be the last book you will ever buy. Scientists have developed an electronic tome that is capable of carrying thousands of titles in a single volume.

The revolutionary design uses “electronic ink” – “e-ink” – located within the pages, which can be programmed to print any text downloaded into the book.

The volume, which is the size and shape of a normal book, has up to 200 pages of “digital paper” and is on sale already.

“My interest is to preserve all the great aspects of a book but to add additional features that will take books into the 21^st century,” said Professor Joseph Jacobson, of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, who has invented the book.

“It could be the Bible one day and the story of Peter Pan the next. People will be able to have whole libraries that consist of just one book.”

Titles are downloaded from libraries or the Internet into a computer in the book’s spine, which then sends out messages to particles that coat each page. The particles are black on one side and white on the other, depending on the electric charge beneath them – making patterns that resemble traditional type. The patterns remain in place until the book is reprogrammed, while a display on the spine allows readers to choose the title they want.

Experts believe it will do more than simply make reading cheaper and more convenient. It could convert skeptics to the attractions of information technology – the bookworms who have so far rejected computers, preferring instead to curl up with a blockbuster in bed.

Jacobson argues that the invention will also reap environmental rewards. “Just think how many trees it will save,” he said.

Some book lovers, however, are not persuaded. Alan Clark, the politician and diarist who has an extensive library, said the invention would not interest him.

“A book is a very personal thing and this would mean losing that,” he said. “Getting into a book is more than just simply absorbing a text, and there is a particular pleasure to be found in a book-lined room.”

Sherlock Holmes Museum

Appropriately enough, given that Holmes and his sidekick Dr Watson are fictional characters, the exhibits here don’t always make it clear what is real and what isn’t. The Victorian policeman or maid at the door will check your ticket before you pass up the narrow staircase and into an imaginative evocation of the detective’s apartment.

The more you know about Holmes, the more you can get out of the detailed exhibits, which, right down to the book titles, are relevant to the stories. Though they may not belong to a ”real” Sherlock Holmes, they are all genuine Victorian antiques and refreshingly free of glass cases and “do not touch” signs.

In the bedroom, atmospherically candle-lit, is a make-up case for Holmes’s elaborate disguises and, in a corner, the famous violin. On the wall are photographs of notorious real Victorian criminals, such as Dr. Crippen, who murdered his wife, and Lizzie Borden, who killed her parents with an axe.

A “maid” is on hand in the study to answer questions. She is also willing to take pictures of anyone who wants to sit in the chair with the trademark deerstalker hat and calabash pipe (neither of which feature in the original stories). Also in the study is a chemical kit, a Victorian device for carbonating water and syringes for Holmes’s cocaine habit.

The other two floors are full of manikins representing scenes from various stories, one of which moves. The arch villain, Moriarty, also used to turn his head, but was too lifelike, causing piercing screams to echo down the stairwell. Some exhibits explain the stories and artifacts in more detail, but there is no information on Holmes’s creator, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (1868-1952) – a fascinating Scot whose fascination with crime helped him solve real-life mysteries as well as fictional ones. He also wrote well-regarded historical romances and science fiction, and believed in spiritualism and fairies.

As for the building itself, records show that it was a lodging house from 1860 until 1934, that some maids who worked there related to a Mr. Holmes, and that an artificial teeth maker called Dr Watson lived next door in the 1890’s.

Dickens House Museum

This house, where Charles Dickens and his family lived between 1837 and 1839, was opened in 1925 as a small museum dedicated to the author’s life and work.

The exhibits are a collection of letters, furniture and possessions from various stages in Dickens’s life, including some from his father’s stretch in Marshalsea prison. The walls are adorned with numerous portraits of the author and his eccentric whiskers, as well as many delightful illustrations of his stories. The basement houses a huge collection of Dickens’s books, and visitors can watch a video describing both his professional successes and his troubled personal life, including his strained relations with his wife and children.

The displays on the upper floors illustrate his other great passion, the theatre, where he demonstrated considerable flair as producer, director and actor. The posters, pictures and other memorabilia here give an insight into his life outside his novels and fill out the character of the man, an admired celebrity during his lifetime.

The surrounding streets are lined with fine town houses that evoke the affluence of a smart quarter of Victorian London. However, there’s not much to amuse children in this quiet place, where the displays are definitely not to be touched. The museum is located in something of a tourist desert between Bloomsbury and Clerkenwell and will appeal mainly to enthusiasts.

2. Переведите следующие словосочетания на русский язык:

1. a chemical kit; 6. candle-lit;

2. to reap environmental rewards; 7. particular pleasure;

3. book lover; 8. elaborate disguises;

4. to be on sale; 9. relevant to the stories;

5. the book’s spine; 10. free of glass cases

3. Найдите в тексте эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний:

1. электронные чернила; 6. знаменитая скрипка;

2. расположенный внутри страниц; 7. размер и форма

настоящей книги;

3. большая личная библиотека; 8. поглощение текста;

4. табличка «руками не трогать»; 9. отражаться эхом;

5. слишком похожий на настоящий; 10. пронзительные крики

4. Найдите в тексте однокоренные слова, определите, к какой части речи они относятся, и переведите их на русский язык:

1. programmed; 6. refresh;

2. attract; 7. fascinate;

3. invent; 8. atmosphere;

4. digit; 9. spiritual;

5. imagine; 10. create

5. Задайте к предложению все типы вопросов: общий, альтернативный, специальный (а) к подлежащему, б) к второстепенному члену предложения), разделительный:

Titles are downloaded from libraries or the Internet into a computer in the book’s spine

6. Найдите и выпишите из данных предложений случаи следующих грамматических явлений: группа времен Indefinite в действительном и страдательном залогах, модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты, степени сравнения прилагательных, притяжательный падеж и множественное число имени существительного.

1. The volume has up to 200 pages of “digital paper”.

2. People will be able to have whole libraries that consist of just one book.

3. Titles are downloaded from libraries.

4. Experts believe it will do more than simply make reading cheaper and more convenient.

5. The more you know about Holmes, the more you can get out of the detailed exhibits, which are all relevant to the stories.

7. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту.

1. What innovation have scientists developed recently?

2. How many pages does the “e-book” have?

3. What are the advantages of the new invention of Pr. Joseph Jacobson?

4. Who checks your ticket at the door of Sherlock Holmes Museum?

5. Who solved real-life mysteries?

6. Where can one see manikins representing scenes from various stories about Holmes?

7. Where is Dickens House Museum placed?

8. Составьте аннотацию к тексту.

9. Составьте реферат текста (10-15 предложений).

10. Составьте план текста и устно перескажите текст.