- •Recovered Paper and Recycled Fibers
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •2006, Isbn 3-527-30997-7
- •Volume 1
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •4.1 Introduction 109
- •4.2.5.1 Introduction 185
- •4.3.1 Introduction 392
- •5.1 Introduction 511
- •6.1 Introduction 561
- •6.2.1 Introduction 563
- •6.4.1 Introduction 579
- •Volume 2
- •7.3.1 Introduction 628
- •7.4.1 Introduction 734
- •7.5.1 Introduction 777
- •7.6.1 Introduction 849
- •7.10.1 Introduction 887
- •8.1 Introduction 933
- •1 Introduction 1071
- •5 Processing of Mechanical Pulp and Reject Handling: Screening and
- •1 Introduction 1149
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •150.000 Annual Fiber Flow[kt]
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Void volume
- •Void volume fraction
- •Xylan and Fiber Morphology
- •Initial bulk residual
- •4.2.5.1 Introduction
- •In (Ai) Model concept Reference
- •Initial value
- •Validation and Application of the Kinetic Model
- •Inititial
- •Viscosity
- •Influence on Bleachability
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Introduction
- •International
- •Impregnation
- •Influence of Substituents on the Rate of Hydrolysis
- •140 116 Total so2
- •Xylonic
- •Viscosity Brightness
- •Xyl Man Glu Ara Furf hoAc XyLa
- •Initial NaOh charge [% of total charge]:
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •In 1950, about 50% of the global paper production was produced. This proportion
- •4.0% Worldwide; 4.2% for the cepi countries; and 4.8% for Germany.
- •1150 1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •Virgin fibers
- •74.4 % Mixed grades
- •Indonesia
- •Virgin fibers
- •Inhomogeneous sample Homogeneous sample
- •Variance of sampling Variance of measurement
- •1.Quartile
- •3.Quartile
- •Insoluble
- •Insoluble
- •Insoluble
- •Integral
- •In Newtonion liquid
- •Velocity
- •Increasing dp
- •2Α filter
- •0 Reaction time
- •Increasing interaction of probe and cellulose
- •Increasing hydrodynamic size
- •Vessel cell of beech
- •Initial elastic range
- •Internal flow
- •Intact structure
- •Viscosity 457
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •1292 Index
- •Visbatch® pulp 354
- •Index 1293
- •1294 Index
- •Impregnation 153
- •Viscosity–extinction 433
- •Index 1295
- •1296 Index
- •Index 1297
- •Inhibitor 789
- •1298 Index
- •Index 1299
- •Impregnation liquor 290–293
- •1300 Index
- •Industries
- •Index 1301
- •1302 Index
- •Index 1303
- •Xylose 463
- •1304 Index
- •Index 1305
- •1306 Index
- •Index 1307
- •1308 Index
- •In conventional kraft cooking 232
- •Visbatch® pulp 358
- •Index 1309
- •In prehydrolysis-kraft process 351
- •Visbatch® cook 349–350
- •1310 Index
- •Index 1311
- •1312 Index
- •Viscosity 456
- •Index 1313
- •Viscosity 459
- •Interactions 327
- •1314 Index
- •Index 1315
- •Viscosity 459
- •1316 Index
- •Index 1317
- •Xylose 461
- •Index 1319
- •Visbatch® pulp 355
- •Impregnation 151–158
- •1320 Index
- •Index 1321
- •1322 Index
- •Xylan water prehydrolysis 333
- •Index 1323
- •1324 Index
- •Viscosity 459
- •Index 1325
- •Xylose 940
- •1326 Index
- •Index 1327
- •In selected kinetics model 228–229
- •4OMeGlcA 940
- •1328 Index
- •Index 1329
- •Intermediate molecule 164–165
- •1330 Index
- •Viscosity 456
- •Index 1331
- •1332 Index
- •Impregnation liquor 290–293
- •Index 1333
- •1334 Index
- •Index 1335
- •1336 Index
- •Impregnation 153
- •Index 1337
- •1338 Index
- •Viscose process 7
- •Index 1339
- •Volumetric reject ratio 590
- •1340 Index
- •Index 1341
- •1342 Index
- •Index 1343
- •1344 Index
- •Index 1345
- •Initiator 788
- •Xylose 463
- •1346 Index
- •Index 1347
- •Vessel 385
- •Index 1349
- •1350 Index
- •Xylan 834
- •1352 Index
1296 Index
bleaching 25
– activators 880
– additives 818–822
– alkaline peroxide bleaching 877
– alternative bleaching methods 885–887
– atmospheric downflow reactors 624–625
– atmospheric peroxide bleaching 866–867
– atmospheric steam mixers 622–623
– atmospheric upflow reactors 623–624
– Basidiomycetes 886
– bis-creosol 746
– brightening stages 613
– brightness see brightness
– 4-carbomethoxymethyl-4-methylbutenolide
746
– carbonyl groups 1234
– catalyzed peroxide bleaching 877
– caustic soda charge 1128
– CEHDED 313
– chelation 1126
– chemical 868–880
– chlorine dioxide see chlorine dioxide
bleaching
– chlorite formation 738
– cobalt (II) salts 709
– consistency 1128
– delignification selectivity 809
– diarylmethane 747
– diffusion control 800
– dithionite 1124–1126
– ECF see ECF bleaching
– effluent volume 892
– electrochemical delignification 887
– elemental chlorine-free 1000
– final stage 756, 1038
– generic stage set-up 616–617
– hardwoods 1126
– high consistency ozone 617, 806, 827
– high-shear mixers 620
– hydrogen peroxide see hydrogen peroxide
bleaching
– hydroxyl radical 777
– iron (III) salts 709
– Keggin-type metal clusters 887
– laccase mediator-system 886
– lignin-conserving 1126
– lignin-degrading fungi 886
– low-consistency ozone 806–807, 809
– magnesium hydroxide 1130
– mechanical pulp 1123–1136
– medium consistency (MC) 616
– metal clusters 887
– modified 761–771
– offgas 867
– operations 613–628
– operations and equipment 613–628
– OXE 271, 612–613, 847
– oxidative bleaching 1041
– oxygen delignification 628–734
– oxygen-alkali 633
– ozone see ozone bleaching
– peroxide 1132, 1134
– phenolic hydroxyl groups 848
– Picea 1126
– Pinus 1126
– polyoses 1123
– polyoxometalates 887
– Populus 1126
– pressurized peroxide 866–867
– pressurized reactors 625–627
– pulp 609–894
– P-Y 1132
– QPQP bleaching 267–271
– reactors 866–867
– reductive 1134
– retention time 802
– sodium borohydride 1125
– sodium peroxide 849
– sodium silicate stabilization 1129
– softwoods 882, 1126
– specific volume 1131
– static ozone bleaching 800
– TCF see TCF bleaching
– two-stage processes 878
– vanillin 747
– washing 628, 866–867
– white rot fungi 886
– yield 863–865, 878
– Y-P bleaching 1131
– see also pulp bleaching
bleaching chemicals
– classification 610–613
– most important 264
– oxygen-based 777
– reactivity 611
bleaching equipment, agitators 627–628,
1134
– blowtank 627
– medium consistency mixers 619–623
– medium consistency pumps 617–619
– medium consistency reactors 623–627
bleaching methods, alternative 885–887
bleaching plant, two-stage 1136
bleaching reactions 1227
– selectivity 838
bleaching sequence, CCE 948–949
Index 1297
bleaching stages
– operation 890–893
– ozone placement 843–849
BLG see black liquor gasification
blowtank
– bleaching equipment 627
– medium-consistency ozone delignification
system 826
– pressurized peroxide bleaching system
867
BLPS see black liquor dissolved
polysaccharides
Blue gum, chemical composition of wood 23
board, recovered, european list of standard
grades 1203–1210
board production, fiber material
consumption 1153
BOD see biochemical oxygen demand, see also
biological oxygen demand
boiler bank, kraft recovery boiler 981
boiling point
– hydrogen peroxide 851
– rise 970–971
bongossi, stem section 58
boom-type stacker reclaimer, chip storage
103
bordered pits 47
– cell components 46
– softwood fibers 123
borol charge 823
Bouchard, concept 798
bound water 1268
BPR see boiling point rise
Bragg’s law 1223
brightening, chlorine dioxide bleaching 757
brightening stages, pulp bleaching 613
brightness 1033
– as function of residual effective alkali 272
– commercial paper-grade pulp 1013
– dependence on delignification 870
– dissolving pulp characterization 1062
– effect of adding chlorine dioxide 763
– effect of dissolved organic material 817
– efficiency of chlorine dioxide 769
– in ITC-type and ASAM pulp 273
– ISO Standard method 610
– ITC-type pulp 273
– post-treatment with peracetic acid 883
– pulp bleaching 1127–1130
– QPQP bleaching 271
– second chlorine dioxide stage 758
– spruce sulfite pulp 879
– stability 876
– stabilization with hydrogen peroxide
873–876
– TCF-bleached dissolving pulp 1049
brightness decrease, carry-over effect 816
brightness development 876
– chlorine amount 766
– hydrogen peroxide application 871
– in QPQP bleaching as function of
consumed OXE 271
brightness gain 758
– in relation to consumed OXE 273
– selectivity comparison 838
brightness increase 879
– hydrogen peroxide application 867
– peroxide amounts 1127
– spruce sulfite pulp 879
brightness level, pulp 1123
brightness losses, aging 876
brightness measurement, ISO Standard
method 610
brightness reversion 875
bromination, lignin 316
brownish cooks 406
brownstock washing 1004
BS see bisulfite processes
BS-AS see bisulfite-acid sulfite process
BS-NS see bisulfite-neutral sulfite process
bucket elevator, log handling 98
bulk phase, kraft pulping reactions overview
184
bulk water 1052
bull screen 1115
bump rotor, cross section 564
buoyancy force, on settling particle 581
Bureau International de la Recuperation
1157
Burgess, Hugh 5
t-butyl alcohol, ozone decomposition,