- •Recovered Paper and Recycled Fibers
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •2006, Isbn 3-527-30997-7
- •Volume 1
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •4.1 Introduction 109
- •4.2.5.1 Introduction 185
- •4.3.1 Introduction 392
- •5.1 Introduction 511
- •6.1 Introduction 561
- •6.2.1 Introduction 563
- •6.4.1 Introduction 579
- •Volume 2
- •7.3.1 Introduction 628
- •7.4.1 Introduction 734
- •7.5.1 Introduction 777
- •7.6.1 Introduction 849
- •7.10.1 Introduction 887
- •8.1 Introduction 933
- •1 Introduction 1071
- •5 Processing of Mechanical Pulp and Reject Handling: Screening and
- •1 Introduction 1149
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •150.000 Annual Fiber Flow[kt]
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Void volume
- •Void volume fraction
- •Xylan and Fiber Morphology
- •Initial bulk residual
- •4.2.5.1 Introduction
- •In (Ai) Model concept Reference
- •Initial value
- •Validation and Application of the Kinetic Model
- •Inititial
- •Viscosity
- •Influence on Bleachability
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Impregnation
- •Introduction
- •International
- •Impregnation
- •Influence of Substituents on the Rate of Hydrolysis
- •140 116 Total so2
- •Xylonic
- •Viscosity Brightness
- •Xyl Man Glu Ara Furf hoAc XyLa
- •Initial NaOh charge [% of total charge]:
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •Introduction
- •Introduction
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •In 1950, about 50% of the global paper production was produced. This proportion
- •4.0% Worldwide; 4.2% for the cepi countries; and 4.8% for Germany.
- •1150 1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •1 Introduction
- •Virgin fibers
- •74.4 % Mixed grades
- •Indonesia
- •Virgin fibers
- •Inhomogeneous sample Homogeneous sample
- •Variance of sampling Variance of measurement
- •1.Quartile
- •3.Quartile
- •Insoluble
- •Insoluble
- •Insoluble
- •Integral
- •In Newtonion liquid
- •Velocity
- •Increasing dp
- •2Α filter
- •0 Reaction time
- •Increasing interaction of probe and cellulose
- •Increasing hydrodynamic size
- •Vessel cell of beech
- •Initial elastic range
- •Internal flow
- •Intact structure
- •Viscosity 457
- •Isbn: 3-527-30999-3
- •1292 Index
- •Visbatch® pulp 354
- •Index 1293
- •1294 Index
- •Impregnation 153
- •Viscosity–extinction 433
- •Index 1295
- •1296 Index
- •Index 1297
- •Inhibitor 789
- •1298 Index
- •Index 1299
- •Impregnation liquor 290–293
- •1300 Index
- •Industries
- •Index 1301
- •1302 Index
- •Index 1303
- •Xylose 463
- •1304 Index
- •Index 1305
- •1306 Index
- •Index 1307
- •1308 Index
- •In conventional kraft cooking 232
- •Visbatch® pulp 358
- •Index 1309
- •In prehydrolysis-kraft process 351
- •Visbatch® cook 349–350
- •1310 Index
- •Index 1311
- •1312 Index
- •Viscosity 456
- •Index 1313
- •Viscosity 459
- •Interactions 327
- •1314 Index
- •Index 1315
- •Viscosity 459
- •1316 Index
- •Index 1317
- •Xylose 461
- •Index 1319
- •Visbatch® pulp 355
- •Impregnation 151–158
- •1320 Index
- •Index 1321
- •1322 Index
- •Xylan water prehydrolysis 333
- •Index 1323
- •1324 Index
- •Viscosity 459
- •Index 1325
- •Xylose 940
- •1326 Index
- •Index 1327
- •In selected kinetics model 228–229
- •4OMeGlcA 940
- •1328 Index
- •Index 1329
- •Intermediate molecule 164–165
- •1330 Index
- •Viscosity 456
- •Index 1331
- •1332 Index
- •Impregnation liquor 290–293
- •Index 1333
- •1334 Index
- •Index 1335
- •1336 Index
- •Impregnation 153
- •Index 1337
- •1338 Index
- •Viscose process 7
- •Index 1339
- •Volumetric reject ratio 590
- •1340 Index
- •Index 1341
- •1342 Index
- •Index 1343
- •1344 Index
- •Index 1345
- •Initiator 788
- •Xylose 463
- •1346 Index
- •Index 1347
- •Vessel 385
- •Index 1349
- •1350 Index
- •Xylan 834
- •1352 Index
Indonesia
Germany
South Korea
Recovered paper utilization rate, %
____ ___ ___________ __ __ __ _ ___ __ __ __ __ ___
___ ______ _____ __ __ __ __ __ ______ ____
(___! __ __ ___! _______ _____ _ _____ H____ 6__!____ ?___ _= __
+_ __ _ _ _ ____ ____ ________ _ ___ _____ ___ _ __ _ __!_ ____ __ __ _
9E__ ________ __ 4___ __ __ __ %_____ ___ ___ .8_ 0___ __ _______ ____
__ ____ _ _ ____ ___ _ __ _______ __ ____ __ __ _ ___ _______ H____ ___
_ __ __ _)____ __ ____ _____ ___ ___ __ __!___ ________ __ ____ __ _____ __ ____"
_ __________ ____ ____
____ _ ___ _________! _ __C___ __ ____!_ 0_ _______ __ __ __ __ _ _= !__!
_ ___ __ __ __ __ __ _________ __ ____ ________ __ _)______ ___ __!_
&_!___ E - _____ __ _____ ___ _ _ ___ __ ____ _ _!__ _ ___ _________
__!____ __ __ _____ _____ __ _ ___ _______ ____ @._ __ __ !___ _ ________
_ ___ ______ (__ _ $______ __ %___ (_____ < ___ _________ __ ____ ____
__!____ __ ______ :_ __ ___ _______ ___ _ ___ _______! __ ________ _ ___ __"
___ ___ _ __ __ ___!___ 89_ __ (__ _ E._ __ $______ __ 7@_ __ %___ (_____
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
North America Europe Asia
Recovered paper utilization
Paper production
Recovered paper utilization and paper production, 106 tons
Recovered paper utilization rate
38.2 % 45.8 % 57.0 %
____ ___ ___________ __ __ __ _ ___ __ ____ !_ __
___ "_ __ __ ___ ______ ____
H____ ___ _ __ ___ ________ ________ ______ __ __ ____ ___ _____ ______
______ 6_____! __ _______ __ __ _________ ___!_ _ __ __ ________ _ "
___ _ _ ___ _________ __ __ _ __ ______ _ _!_____ __ _ _= !__! _ ____ __
__ ___ !_ ____ _ _____ __!____ _ _____ __ _____ __ _ ____ __ _____ __ ___ ___
__ _____ ___ _ __ ___ ____ ______ __!____ _ _ ______ __!_____ ____ _ &_! E 7
_____ ___ 4___ __
#_ _____ ____ _ _= !__! _ ____ __ __ __ _ _ __ __!___ ________ _ ___ __"
___ ___ _ _ 0_ 4___ __ ___ _ __ _ _ __ ____ :9__ __ _ _ ____ __!___ _ _
:__ ___ ____ _ _ -_ __ __ ?__ ____! __ ___ ________ ____ ___ __ _________
__ ____ ________ _____"_ ___ _ ____ __ __ __ _ ______ ______"____ _______!_
___ _) _____ _ _____! __ __ __ __)__ __ ______! __)__ __ ____ _ _______ _
__ _ ________ __ __ ________ _______
D_______! ______ __ __ __ _ __ ________ __ __ _____ ___ _ _ __ __!____
_ ____ ?__ _ __!_ _____ ______ __ ___ ___ __ _ ____! _____ __ __ _ ______"
___ __ ________ ______ __ __!____ _ ___ ________ __ 4___ __ __ __ __!___ _ _
E8_ __ __ !_ #__ __!___ __ E8_ ____=__ ____ ______ ____ .__ _____ __
9E_ _____ ___ _ _
____ _ _____ __________
_ __________ ____
37
43
116
22
74
97
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Recovered paper utilization rate, %
Packaging
paper/board
Sanitary
papers
Specialty
papers
Graphic
papers
Newsprint
Other
graphic
papers
Graphic papers
Total average: 65 %
____ ___ #__ _ ___ ___________ ___ __ ____ __ ___
_ ___ _ _____ __ $ ___% __ ____ ____
+____ __ _ ____ ___ _____ 79_ _____ ___ _ _ __ 4___ __ ___ _ __
_________ __ ____ __ __ _ __ ____ ____ ______ __ ______ ; __ !_ ___ __ _____ _"
_ _ ___ ____ _ __! ___ _ ____ _____ _ ____ __ _ _=___ _ ___ _ _ ____ ___
________ ______ #___ _ ____ _ !_ ___ __ __ __ !_ _____ ___ _ _ __ ___ ____"
__ !____
&__ ____ __ ____ __ _____ ___ ___ !_ ____ _ ____ _ _ _____ ___ _ E7_ __ 4__"
_ __ ?__ _ __ ____ _______ __ __ ________ _ ___ !_ ____ _________ __
______ __ ___ ___ ______ __!___ ___ ___ ________ _ _ __ ____ ____ __
__._ #__ _____ ___ _ _ __ __ ____ !_ ____ _ ____ __ !__ --_ 0_______
___! ____ ____ !_ ____ _ ____ __ ____"___ ____! __ ____"____ _ ____ _
__ __ __ __ ____ __ +___ ___ ____ ________ _____ _______ ____ _ ________!
____ _ ___ #__ _ __ _________ __ __ ___ __ ________ ______ __ ________! ___
______ ________ _+__ __ 1/_ _ ____ +___ __ ____ _ ____ ___ __ __ __ ____
__ __ ____ __ ________ ______ %__________ ____ 4___ _ ____ ____ _ __"
_ ____ _____ 1/_ _ ___ ___ ____ ____ ?0<
#__ __________ __ __ _ ___ _________ __!____ __ ____ ______ _ _______
__ ___ ______ __ ________ _ ___ _ ________ _ ___ _____ ___ _ _ _____ (
__!___ _____ ___ _ _ __ __ _ __ ______ _____!_ __ ________! ____ __ __
_______ ________! ____ ____ __________
_ < ___ _________
_ < ___ _______! __ ______!
_ __________ __ _ ___ _______
_ _________ __ ____ _ ___ _______
____
_ _____ __________
_ +____! __ ________ _ ___
_ <________! __ ________ _ ___
___
__ _____ ____
(_ _ _ _ _ ___ _ ________! ______ __ __________ _ ________ __ __ _ ___
_______ _ __ __ ________ ________ __ ____ ____ _ _ _ ____ _____ ______
_ ___ _ ________ _ ___ _____ ___ _ __ &_!___ E E _____ __ _________ __
_______ _ __ _________ _ ___ ___ _ ___ _ ________!_ _____ _::_ ___ __ _$<0
________ __ 4___ ___ _ ____ _ ____ $_____ _ ________ ________! ____ _ _
- _______ ___ __ ____ _ ___ _______ _ __ __ _ ?__ _ __________ ________! __
____ _ _________ __ _$<0 __ !_ ____ ____ E__ _ 8._ __ -__-_ ____________!
_ _ _ _____ __ ________ _ ___ __ E. _______ ___ __ _ __ _ ?____! __
_ __ _______ __ _______ _ _ __ G _ _ _____ ___ ____ 8__ _ .8_ #__ _ _ ___
__ H+( _ _ 79_ __ _::__ __ __ ____ E@_ __ -__- 0 _______ ___ _ _ __ __
__!____ __ _______ __ ____ _ ___ _______ _ _ __!_____ ___ __________I __ $__"
___ _ ____ _ __ G _ _ __ ___ _8_"______ __ __ __ H+( __ ___"_____ *__"
____ _ ___ __ ______ __ _ _ ______ _ _____ __ __ _______ __ ___ __
____ _______ ____ ________ __ __!___ __ _ ___ ___
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Italy
UK
France
Spain
Total CEPI
Netherlands
Germany
Recovered paper collection rate, %
____ ___ &______ __ __ __ _ ___ _________ __
__ _____ '!() _____ __ __**_+_____ ___ _,__
$_____ ________ _________ _ __ _ __ ______ __ _ _!_____ __ ________
+___ _ _ __!_ _______ _ __ _____ _____ _ _ _____ _ _ ?__ _ ______"
_______ ______"____ _________ __ ______ &___ ___ 4___ ___ __ %_____ ____
____
_ _ ________ ____
%___ __ +_____ __ +______ __ _ _ _________ __ ______! __ _ _______!
_______ _ __ ___ .8_ _____! __ _ _ __ __ 0_ '__!____ &_ ____ 0 ___ <___"
! __ __ __ H____ 6__!____ ____________! _________ ___ __ ______ _____"
__! __ _______ _ __ _____ 8__ (_ _____ __ ___ _ !_ ____ !____ __ _ ___
_________ _____! ___ ______ ________ __ _____ ___! ______ __ ________ _ ___
____ ________ ___ __!___ _______ _ __ #___ _ ______ __ _______ ___ __ ___
________ _ ___ __ _ __ ____ __ _____ ___ _ _ __!_ ____
&_!___ E 8 _____ __ _________ _ __ ________! __ __ _____ ___ _ __ __ ____"
____ _ ___ __ __ _$<0 ________ #__ ______ ____ __ ____ ___ _ __ ___ !_ __
________ _ ___ ____ __ _ __ ______ 0 _______ ___ _ _ __ __!___ _________
_ __ __ $_____ __ __ _______ __ 4___ __ __ &___ __ _9-___ ________ __ +__"
____ __ _9____ +_____ _.:___ %___ _ _.@___ __ %_____ ___ _.8___ __ (____
_.___ #__ _____ ____ ________ ______ E._ __ __ _ _ $_____ _ _____ __
________ _ ___ __ E. _______ ___ __ -__- #__ __!___ _____ ___ _ __ __
__ ____ __ 0___ ___ ?___ _=_ +_ ___ 4______ H____ 6__!___ __ __ %____"
_ ____ __ __ __ _ _!_ ____ 9__ _ __:_ 0_ ____ ________ __ _________
__ __ __ _ _= !__! _ _____ __ __ __ ________ __ __ _ _!_ __ 8._ _ _____ __
___ _ __ !_ __ .__ > __!_____ ___ ___ __ _$<0 __ !_ __ 8-_ ?__ _ __
_ _ _ __!_ ___ __ ________ _ ___ __ ___ ____ _ __ _ _ _ !_ __ _ _= !__!
!_ ___ __ _________ _ _______ ___ _ _ ____ ________ __ __ __!_ _____ ___
_ __ #__ _ _!__ ___ !__ __ ________ _ ___ __ ____ __ 4___ ___ &_ ____ 0 ___
H____ 6__!___ __ +_ __ #____ ___ ________ _______ 9E_ __ __ _ _ ____"
____ _ ___ ___ __ __ __ _$<0 ________ __ E7 _______ ___ ?__ _ __ _ _ _
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
Finland
Norway Austria
Portugal
Belgium
Slovak
Republic
Czech
Republic
France
United Kingdom
Germany
Switzerland
Netherlands
Spain
Greece Ireland
Denmark
Sweden
Italy
Hungary
(Bubble area is equivalent
to the national used
recovered paper volume)
Recovered paper utilization rate, %
Recovered paper collection rate, %
____ ___ '________ __ ___ ___________ __ __ __ '!() _____ __ ______ _____
____
_ _____ __________
_ ___ __________ __ +_ ___ H____ 6__!____ 0 ___ &_ ___ __ '__!___ _ _
___________ __!_ ____ ________ 7 E _______ ____ _ )____ _- E _______ _____
__ __ _______ _ __ _ _ _ _ _____ ____ _ __ ______ _________ _ _______
___ _ _ __!_____ _ ______ _ ________ _ ___ _____ __ __ $_____ _ _ __ !____"
__ __ ____ ________
#__ _ )____ _ ___ _______ _ _ __ _ _______ _____ ______ ___ ____"__"
______ ____ _______ __ ___ @__ J_9K #__ _______ _ ____ __ __ _______ _ _
__ __ ____ _____ ____)__ ___ -__ __ __ ____ _ ___ _______ __ __ _______"
____ ___ ___ ___ __ ___ ___ ___ ___!"____! _______ __ __ ________ __ _____"
_ _ __ ______! #___ ________ __!____ _ ____ _____ __ _ ___ ________ ___!"____
_ ___ ________ _ ____ ____ __ _______ _ _____ _____ __ _ ____ ____ ___ ____
________ __ ___ _ _____ ____ _ ____ __ ______ _ ___ _ __________! __ __"
_____ _ _______ _ _ __ @___ __ _______ _ _ __ 98_ ______ ___ __ __ -__- __
4___ __ __ ____ ___ _ _ ___ _________ __________ __ ___ :E_ ________!
______ _ ____ _ ___ __ ____ ___ __ ________ ___ __ _____
4___ __ __ __ _ _!__ _)_____ __ ________ _ ___ __ $______ ___ 7 E _______
___ __ -__-_ __ _____ ___ 98_ !___ _ _____ ____ _____ $_____ +___ -__
__ __ _)___ _____ __ ________ _ ___ !___ _ 0_______ _ # __ _ __ ____
'__ ___ __ __ _ _!_ ___ __ ___ _____ _ ___ _ __ (__ _ $_____ _____ _ ____ __"
_ __ ____ ____ _ ________ _ ___ _____ __ #__ H+( ___ ___ __ _)_____!
___ __ _______ ___ __ -__-_ ____ ____ _ (__ _ _ _ _ _;_)____ __ __ < _____ ___
&__ -__8_ __ !___ _ ____ __ ________ _ ___ __ _)_____ _ _____ __ &_! E ._ ___
_____ _ _)____ ____ %___ (_____ _ (__ _ _____ _ $_____ _______ ____ ____"
________!____ ____ __ __ _)____ __ ________ _ ___ ____! _)_____ _ (__ J_@K
+11 +2
Expected global recovered paper trade 2005: 13 • 106 tons
-2
2
2
7
-8
1
-3
1
____ ___ !-____ ___.__ __ _ ___ _ __ ___/ __0__
<________ ________ ____ _ ___ _______! ____ _ __ _____! __ __ __ _____"
__ __ ______! _______ __ __ ____ _ ___ _______ ____ _ _= !__! __ ______
__________ ____ _ ______ _=___ __ _ ___ ________ __ ________ __ _______ "
_____ ________ ( __!_ _________ _ _ ___ ______ _ ___ _ ______ _______ _
____________! _________ ______ __ __ ___ __ _________ _______ ___ ____"
____
_ _ _________ ____
____ ___="__ __ ____"___ ______ +___ _____ _ _)___ _ _____ __ __ ____ __
_ ___ _________ __ _______ ___ __ _________ __ __!___"!_ __ ________ _ ___
#____ _____ __ _ _!___ ____"____ _ ___ !_ ___ _ __ __ ___ ___ _ _____ ___!
_____ __ __ _ ___ _______
___
__ _ ____ ____
#__ ________! _ _ _ _ _________ __ _$<0 ___ __ ____ ___ __ _________ __ ___ "
___ __ ________ _ ___ _____ ___ _ _ ___ __ __ __ __________ ___ __ _ __
__________ __ _ ___ __ __ ___ __ __!___ _____ __ __ _____ _ _ ___ _ ____"
____! __ ________ _ ___ __ ______ __ __!___ %__________ ________! _ __
_____ _ ____ _____ __ _ _____ _ _!_ ____ __ ________ _ ___ __ ________
__ __!_ _____ __ ________ _ ___ __ __ __ __ _)_____ (_______! _ ______
____ __ __ _$<0_ ___ _:_ __ __ _ _ _ ___ __ __ __ _______ __ __ __"
___ ___ _______ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ __ __ ___!"____! _______ __ __
________ ___ _________ __ ______ _ __ ______! #_ __ __ _ __ _ )____
________! _ _ ____ __ __ @__ __ ______ _____ &_!___ E 9 _____ ____ _____
__ __ ________ _ ___ _____ ____ _________ __ ________! _ __ _____ __ _$<0
________ __ -__7
0
25
50
75
100
A B CH CZ D DK E F FIN GB GR H I IRL N NL P S SK
Utilization rate
Collection rate
Recycling rate
Utilization, collection and recycling rate, %
Recycling rate
Collection rate
Utilization rate
Averages
____ ___ #__ _ ___ ___________ _________ ___ _%_____
___ __ __ '!() _____ __ ____1_ __*__
#__ __ !_ _________ _ _ __ __ _$<0 ________ __ __ __!___ ____ ____ ___
_ ____ ________ ____! __!_____ _ ________ _ ___ __ ___ ____ # _ E __ #___
______! __ _ ___ __ __ ___ __"_)____! ________ __ ________ _ ___ _________
______ __ ___ $_____ _ ________ 0_ ___ _________ ______ _ __________
____
_ _____ __________
__ ______ __ _ _______ __ ___ ___ __ __ _ ___ _______ ___ ____ _ _ _ ___ _
0_ (__ _ __ _____ ___ __ ________! _ __ __ __!___ _ _ __ __ _$<0 ________I
___ __ _ ___ __ __ _ _ _ __ (__ __ _________ __ _ _= !__! _ ____ ____
E8_ __ ____ __!___ _ _ __ $_____ _E____ __ __ ___ __ ________ _ ___ _____"
__ ___ __ ___ _ ___ !_ ___ __ _____ _ 0_ %___ (_____ _ __ ________ _ ___
_ __ __ __ _____ ____ ____ ___ _ $_____ __ (__
__ _ ___ ___________ _________ ___ _%_____ ___ __ ____
__ '!() _____ __ "_ __ __ ___ ___ __ 2_ __ ______ ____
____ !___
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H____ ___ 88 E9 7@ E@
_________ E8 8. E: E9
________! 8. 87 E_ E@
___
.___/_- '0_1 %_1_ _____
#__ ____ ____=__! _____ _____ ____ __ _______! _ __ ___ ___ _________ _ _
___ ____ _____! __ _ _ _:8__ __ __ H+( #__ ____ $_____ _ ____ ___ _ ___
_________ ?___ _ ___ ____ __ _:8:_ __ _ _ _ _ ___ __ __ ___ ___ _ _
___ __ _________ __ __!____ _ ____ &_!___ E @ _____ __ ___ ___ _ _ _____ ___
________ ________ 0_ _:98_ __ !___ _ _ _ ___ _ _ _ - _______ ____ _____ __
_ _ __ ____ 7: - _______ ___ __ -__E '_____ _:98 __ -__-_ __ ___ _ !____
__ __ ___ ___ ____=__! _ _ ___ _________ _ _ _7 7_ > ____"____ __!___ _ _ __
___ _ _____ __ __ _ ___ _________ _7 7_ _ _ 0_ $______ _____ _ _________
__= __ ___ _______! __ ____"____ __!___ ___ _ _____ __ __ __ ___ ___ ____="
__! _ _ ___ ____ ___ _ _ ___ _________ __7 E_ _ _____ E __ _ _ 0_ -__-_
__ !___ _ ___ ___ ____=__! _ _ ___ _ ___ 78 - _______ ____ ____________! _
--_ __ !___ _ ________ _ ___ ___
#__ _ _!__ __ __ _E8__ __ __ !___ _ ____=__! _ _ _____ __ __ $______ _____
(__ _ _ ______ ______ __ __ 7__ __ %___ (_____ _ _ __ __ __ -__
#__ ____=__! _ _ _____ __ 1 __ (_____ _ (____ _ __ D__ __ __ _____ E_
4___ ___ __ __ $______ __ ___ __ ?0< __ ________ _____ __ _.E___ ________
__ _ ! _____ ______! __ _____! !_ ___ ___>_7__ __ __!____ _ ____ ___>
_-__ 0_______ _____ __ __ ___! __ ____ !_ ___ __ ____ _______ __ _ ___
!_ ___ _____ __ ____ __ __ __ _7_ ____ _ _ ! ____ _ _____ ____"_____ ____"
__ __ ___ _ _____ _ ___ _____ __ ______ _______ ____ _ _!! _ ____ 0_ __
_ __ ______ ___ __ __ __ __ ?0< __ ____"___ ____! ______! _ ____ ____ _
_________ +_ __ 1/_ _ ____ _ _ ____ _____ ____ __ _ _ _ __ _)_____ _
___ _________ ____ _______ __ __ _____
____
_ _ ______ ___________ __ ___ ___ __ ________ !____
0
10
20
30
40
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Deinking capacity, 106 tons
Europe
North
America
Others
Asia
4 %
30 %
21 %
45 %
____ ___ &______ __ __ ___.__ _________ _______ __________
___
_0_0__ ._____1+___ _2 _*_ __ _2 __ _____- '_1__
#__ !___ _ ________ _ ___ _____ ___ _ _ ____ ____ E@_ __ -__- ' ___ __ __
_ _ _ __C___ __ ____!__ __ !____ __ __ ________ _ ___ _________!_ ___ ___"
________ _ _____ __ __ __ ________ ______ ____ ___ _ ___ __ __ __ _ ___ ___"
__! #_________ __ __ !_ ________ _____ _____ _________! _____ ___ _____ _
E_ @_ ____! _ __ !_ _____ __ ________ _ ___ _________! __ @8_ (_______! _
&_! E :_ __ ___ __ _____ __ __ ____ __ _______ __ __!____ _ __ !___ ___
____ __ ___ ______ __ __!__ ______ __________ __ E@ -_
Minerals 11 % Secondary
fibers
41 %