- •516 Упражнений
- •По грамматике английского языка
- •Упражнения на повторение пройденного материала
- •2 516 Упражнений
- •3 516 Упражнений
- •Much water
- •4 516 Упражнений
- •6 516 Упражнений
- •Повторительно-обобщающие упражнения
- •7 516 Упражнений
- •I don't like to be interrupted. — я не люблю, чтобы меня прерывали.
- •I am sorry to be bothering you. — Мне очень ж аль, что я вас сейчас беспокою.
- •I rang him up in order to learn the news. — я по- звонил ему для того, чтобы узнать эту новость.
- •I want you to come here tomorrow. — я хочу, чтобы вы пришли сюда завтра.
- •I often hear him speak at meetings. — я часто слышу, как он говорит на собраниях.
- •Образование Past Participle (Participle II, III форма глагола)
- •10 516 Упражнений
- •Motorists who intend to take their cars with them to the Continent are advised to make early reservations.
- •If kept in a sufficiently cool place, the grain will not sprout. — Если зерно держать в достаточно прохладном месте, оно не будет прорастать.
- •If given the opportunity, this industry will rap- idly develop. — Если этой отрасли промышлен- ности предоставить возможность, она быстро разовьется.
- •It being very late, I went home. Так как было очень поздно, я пошел домой.
- •11 516 Упражнений
- •Сложноподчиненные предложения Согласование времен в придаточных предложениях
- •I knew he would come here. — я знал, что он придет сюда.
- •Обстоятельственные придаточные предложения Adverbial Clauses
- •I shall come early in order that I may speak to you. — я приду рано, чтобы поговорить с вами.
- •Обстоятельственные придаточные времени
- •If I stayed at home I should read a book. — Если бы я оставался дома, я читал бы книгу.
- •353 12 516 Упражнений
Условные
предложения
Реальное
условие.
If
I come here tomorrow I
shall bring you a book.
—
Если я приду завтра,
я принесу вам книгу.
Не
told
me
that
when
you're
really
angry,
you'll
stop
at
nothing.
—
Он мне говорил, что если ты
рассердишься
всерьез,
то ты способен на все.
Нереальное
условие.
Если
нереальное условие относится к
прошед-
шему времени, в придаточном
предложении ста-
вится Past
Perfect, а в главном —
сочетание
should
или
would
с
Infinitive
Perfect.
Упражнение
18.
Переведите на английский язык.
1.
Если бы он был здесь, он дал бы нам денег.
Если
бы я пришел вчера, я принес бы вам
книгу.
Если
бы она не была больна на прошлой
неделе,
она сдала бы экзамен.
4. Если бы он приехал вовре-
мя,
он бы навестил нас.
5.
Если бы у нас было боль-
ше денег, мы
купили бы этот шкаф. 6. Если бы
Джек
вернулся, она простила бы ему
все. 7. Если бы они
остались дома, они
посмотрели бы эту передачу.
8.
Если бы она ушла в отпуск, она не
выполнила бы
это поручение.
351
If I stayed at home I should read a book. — Если бы я оставался дома, я читал бы книгу.
Упражнение
19.
Переведите предложения на русский
язык.
1.
If you come I shall give you this book. 2. When
you see him,
tell him to come here. 3. He will speak to
you before you go out.
4. As soon as I come home,
I
shall begin to work. 5.
If the weather permits, the ship
will start tomorrow.
Опосредованное
утверждение
I
have always felt that the style of broadcasting
should be
conversational. —
Я всегда считал, что
стиль радиопередач
должен быть
разговорным.
Does
it mean that broadcasting will have a bad in-
fluence on our
literary style, and that in a few years
even the greatest of
stylists will merely write as
they talk? —
Значит ли это, что радиопередачи
будут
иметь плохое
влияние на наш литератур-
ный стиль
и через несколько
лет даже величай-
шие стилисты будут
писать так же,
как они
разговаривают?
352
предложениях. |
|
|
believe |
know |
suggest |
decide |
want to know |
tell you |
explain |
realize |
think |
find out |
remember |
understand |
guess |
remind you |
wonder |
hear |
say |
|
imagine |
see |
|
353 12 516 Упражнений
Косвенный
вопрос может стоять в начале пред-
ложения.
Если косвенный вопрос предполагает
ответ
Да-Нет, то он должен начинаться с
whether,
Whether
there's any point in going on, I very
much doubt.
How
you ever expect me to read this writing, I
can't imagine.
Упражнение
23. Составьте предложения, начинаю-
щиеся
с косвенного вопроса. Используйте
данные
предложения в качестве главных.
1.1
want to know.
2. We'll have
to ask. 3. We
shall
decide later. 4. You must find out. 5. I can't imagine.
6.
I'd like to know.
Условные
предложения
If
you must fly, fly well.
If
people try to hide anything from their doc-
tor, he soon knows.
(Present)
The
doctor will soon find out of you try to hide
anything from him.
(Future)
The
doctor will soon know if you have hidden
anything from him.
(Future — главное
предло-
жение, Present Perfect — if-clause)
You
do not try to hide anything. But if you
tried to hide anything,
he would soon find out.
(нереальное условие в
настоящем)
(You
did not try, but) if you had tried to hide
anything, he would
have found out very soon,
(нереальное
условие в прошлом)
If
a lie could have choked
him, that would have
done. (Future in the Past —
if-clause, Past
Indefi-
nite — main)
354
Условные
предложения вводятся
unless, pro-
vided (that),
as (или so)
long as, supposing, in case.
В
условных предложениях может
использо-
ваться конструкция in
case +
глагол. Не
следует
путать ее с конструкцией in
case +
имя существи-
тельное.
Упражнение
24. Переведите на русский язык.
1.
Unless you try to hide anything, you will have
nothing to fear.
2. Provided (that) you keep very still,
nobody will notice you.
3. As long as war is
regarded as
wicked, it will always have its fascination. When it
is
looked upon as vulgar, it will cease to be popular. (Os-
car
Wilde). 4. Our meeting is on Friday, at 3.30 p.m.
Make a note in
your diary in case you forget.
Упражнение
25. Составьте сложноподчиненные
предложения
с придаточными условными на
основе
предлагаемых пар предложений.
1.
I mustn't eat too much. I
get violent indigestion.
2.
Call me up tomorrow. I will give you the answer
then.
3. Take the new road.
You will be in Rome in two
hours.
4. You are not taking the
new road. You will not
be there in two hours.
5. You did not take
the new road.
You did not arrive in time. 6. You did not
listen to me.
You lost your way.
7. We may need you at our
meeting,
in that case, I'll phone you. 8. I'll take an
umbrella
with me. It might rain. 9.
There may be an urgent tele-
phone call. Otherwise, don't disturb
me. 10. You may
borrow my typewriter, oh
one condition. You must
bring it back this evening. 11. Will you
meet me at
seven? You will probably have finished your work
by
then. 12. It is a pity you did not answer all
the ques-
355
*
типы условных предложений |
|
1. If I have time, I will go to a shop, (main — Future, if-clause — Present) |
Если у меня будет время, то я пойду в магазин. |
2. If I had time, I would go to a shop. (main — Future in the Past, if-clause — Past) |
Если бы у меня было время (сегодня), то я бы сходил в магазин. |
3. If I had had time, I would have gone to a shop. (main — Future Perfect in the Past, if-clause — Past Perfect) |
Если бы у меня было время (вчера ), то я сходил бы в магазин. |
Упражнение
26. Переведите на английский язык.
1.
Если он приедет вовремя, то он навестит
нас.
2. Если завтра будет хорошая
погода, мы поедем на
дачу. 3.
Если она будет чувствовать себя лучше,
она
придет на работу. 4. Если я хорошо
сдам экзамен,
мои родители будут рады.
5. Если мы не вернемся
домой до 12 часов,
мы не сможем позвонить Джо-
ну. 6. Если
я вовремя вернусь с работы, мы пойдем
в
кино. 7. Если бы он вернулся из
командировки вче-
ра, он тоже пришел
бы на день рождения племян-
356
ницы.
8. Если бы я сегодня не был занят весь
день, я
обязательно позвонил бы тебе.
9. Если бы они при-
везли материалы
сегодня утром, мы бы выполнили
заказ
в срок. 10. Если бы он узнал о
распродаже
несколько дней назад, он
наверняка купил бы эту
машину. 11. Если
бы утренний поезд прибыл на
станцию
вовремя, я пришел бы сегодня на
роботу
вовремя. 12. Если завтра не будет
дождя, нужно
будет полить цветы в
саду. 13. Если бы вчера вы
написали
контрольную работу лучше, сегодня
мож-
но было бы начать изучение новой
темы.
14. Если бы
вечером (сегодня) не пошел
дождь, они навестили
бы своих родителей.
15.
Если я закончу работу рань-
ше, я смогу
навестить тебя. 16.
Если бы у меня было
время, я был бы рад
помочь ему.
Упражнение
27. Укажите время придаточных пред-
ложений.
1.
If you tell the truth, people trust you. 2. If you
are telling
the truth, we have no time to lose. 3. If you
have studied all
these books, you must know a lot. 4.
If
you have been walking in this heat, you must be very
thirsty.
5. If we told father the truth, he never pun-
ished us. 6. If you
were walking all day yesterday, no
wonder you are tired today. 7.
If you had met John be-
fore, why didn't you speak to him last
night? 8. If you
had been swimming before breakfast yesterday,
no
wonder you ate such a lot. 9. If you tell the truth, you
will
be quite safe. 10. If you play tennis tomorrow, we
won't be able
to have our usual walk. 11.
If you have
read this report by next Friday, you will be able to
dis-
cuss it at our meeting on Friday afternoon. 12. Didn't I
say
that if you told the truth
you would be quite safe?
357
Упражнение
28. Переведите предложения из уп-
ражнение
27
на русский язык.
Упражнение
29. Переведите на русский язык.
1.
Не would buy this car, if
he had more money.
2.
Mr. Brown would have spent more money on Christ-
mas present, if
he had been able to afford it. 3. If you
didn't smoke so much,
you would feel better. 4. Jack
wouldn't be so tired every
evening, if he had a short
rest after dinner. 5. If it didn't
rain, we should go for a
walk.
6. She would be more
attractive, if she paid more
attention to her clothes. 7. Nothing
would have hap-
pened if he had not lost the way. 8. They would
see ev-
erything quite well now, if they had better seats.
9. If I
had not been far from your house, I should have come
to
see you. 10. Jack would have finished his work last
week if it
hadn't been so difficult. 11.
Henry would be
here now if he knew we needed help. 12.
Mary would
stay at home, if she didn't feel well. 13. Mary
would
have understood everything, if you had spoken more
clearly.
14. These boys would study better, if they
liked their teacher.
Упражнение
30. Раскройте скобки, используя
соот-
ветствующее время глаголов.
1.
If it (to rain) we'll stay at home. 2. I'd go to the
dentist if I
(to be) you. 3. If he (to be) come, tell him
that we were in a
hurry. 4. If we (to know) that before
we would not have come. 5.1
would go at once if he (to
say) that. 6. If you (to read) the
book you would know
the answer. 7. If (to know) I would tell you.
8.1 think
you would have
got permission if you (to ask) me.
358
Упражнение
31. Переведите на английский язык.
1.
Если бы я был (будь я) на вашем месте, я
бы
занимался больше. 2. Если вы так
думаете, то вы
правы. 3.
Если бы я поехала в Санкт-Петербург,
я
пошла бы в Эрмитаж.
4. Если бы я был (будь я) на
вашем месте,
я бы сказал ему об этом. 5.
Даже если я
увижу его, я не скажу ему
об этом. 6. Если стано-
вится темно, мы
зажигаем свет. 7. Если становилось
темно,
мы зажигали свет. 8. Если станет темно,
мы
зажжем свет. 9. Если он скажет мне
вернуться, я
вернусь. 10. Ребенок упал
бы с дерева, если бы вы
закричали,
когда он был там. 11. Если вы прочтете
его
новую статью, вы сможете приготовить
хороший
доклад. 12. Если бы вы остановили
меня на улице,
когда вы увидели меня,
я пошел бы с вами. 13. Если
бы вы объяснили
мне мои ошибки (но вы не
объяснили), я
бы не повторил их.
Упражнение
32. Переведите на английский язык.
1.
Если завтра будет хорошая погода, мы
поедем
за город. 2. Он не окончит свою
работу вовремя, если
он не будет
усердно работать. 3.
Если вы его увидете,
попросите его
позвонить мне. 4. Если он здесь, то
он,
вероятно, работает в библиотеке.
5. Если он заходил
к ним вчера, то они
дали ему ваше письмо. 6. Если
бы Джейти
знала их адрес, она бы написала им.
7.
Если бы у моего брата было сейчас
время, он бы
помог им.
8.
Если бы я увидел его завтра, я спросил
бы
его об этом. 9. Если бы он был здесь, он
бы нам
рассказал все об этом. 10. Если
бы я увидел его
вчера, я спросил бы
его об этом. 11. Они не поехали
бы за
город вчера, если бы пошел дождь. 12. Я
был
бы разочарован,
если бы они не пришли.
13. Если вы
побудете здесь немного
дольше, вы увидете его.
359
14.
Если в воскресенье будет дождь, я
останусь
дома. 15. Мы будем очень
сожалеть, если они не
придут вовремя.
16. Я бы не простудился, если бы
одевал
пальто. 17.
Если бы он не потерял свои очки,
он
мог бы закончить работу на прошлой
неделе. 18.
Я бы навестил тебя вчера,
если бы был в городе. 19.
Я бы пришла и
проводила
тебя, если бы я не жила
так далеко. 20.
Человека убило бы, если бы поезд
не
остановился так быстро.
Упражнение
33. Переведите на английский язык.
1.
Если бы я поговорил с ней вчера, я бы
все
узнал. 2. Если бы ты был более
внимателен, ты бы
учился лучше. 3.
Если бы он сейчас был здесь, он бы
рассказал
нам много интересного. 4. Мы бы уехали
на
прошлой неделе, если бы я закончил свою
работу.
5. Если бы у меня было время, я
бы навещал тебя
часто. 6. Если бы мы
взяли с собой тетради, мы бы
записали
слова. 7. Я бы не беспокоился об этом,
если
бы был на вашем месте. 8.
Если бы у меня было боль-
ше времени,
я бы изучал французский язык. 9. Ес-
ли
бы у нее было время, она бы делала эту
работу.
10. Если бы он был здесь, я бы
завтра присутствовал
на нашем собрании.
11.
Если бы он был в городе, он
присутствовал
бы на нашем собрании. 12. Если бы
завтра
было воскресенье, мы бы поехали в
деревню.
13. Если бы я вчера вечером
там был,
я бы
поговорил с ним. 14. Если бы у меня
было вчера
время, я бы сделал эту
работу. 15. Они бы
продолжали путь, если
бы ночь не была такой
темной. 16. Если
бы у меня было время, я мог бы
пойти
туда сейчас. 17.
Если бы у меня вчера было
время,
я мог бы пойти туда. 18. Если бы он был
готов
сейчас,
он мог бы пойти с нами.
360
Упражнение
34. Переведите на английский язык.
1.
Если бы река не была такой глубокой,
мы
перешли бы через нее. 2.
Ты бы отвечал лучше, если
бы был более
внимательным. 3.
Ты бы был более
счастлив теперь, если
бы последовал моему совету.
4.
Если бы я поговорил с ним вчера, я бы
знал, что
теперь делать. 5. Если бы вы
повторили правила, вы
бы знали их
сейчас лучше. 6.
Если бы у меня было
время, я смог бы
туда поехать. 7. Если бы он был
готов
завтра, для него было бы возможно пойти
с
нами. 8. Если бы у меня было время
вчера, я мог бы
туда поехать. 9. Если
бы он был готов, для него было
бы
возможно пойти с нами вчера. 10. Если бы
я мог
перевести эту статью без словаря,
я бы сделал свою
работу быстрее. 11.
Если бы для меня было возмож-
но прийти
в 6 часов, это подошло бы мне значи-
тельно
больше. 12. Если бы я смог перевести
эту
статью без словаря (но я не смог),
я сделал бы эту
работу быстрее. 13. Если
бы для меня было воз-
можно прийти в
6 часов вчера, мне бы это подошло
значительно
больше.
if
—
конструкция может использоваться
как
для отражения реального, так и
нереального
условия.
wish
—
конструкция может использоваться
только
для выражения нереального условия.
361
1. I'm working today |
I wish I didn't |
2.1 don't feel well |
I wish I had seen it |
3.1 feel tired |
I wish you were telling the truth |
4. That's not true |
I wish I felt better |
5.1 did not see that book |
I wish you would |
6. I'll send it to you |
I A^ish I wasn't |
Упражнение
36. Составьте предложения,
используя
конструкцию с
wish.
1.
I'm enjoying myself. I hope you are. 2.1
feel bet-
ter now. I
hope you do. 3. That's my story. I hope you
are telling the
truth. 4.1 enjoyed that
book. 5. I'll send
it back tomorrow. I hope you will. |
Реальное условие hope и if |
Нереальное условие wish и if |
Present Indefinite |
I hope he tells the truth If he tells the truth |
I wish he told If he told (Past Indefinite) |
Present Continuous |
I hope he is telling the truth If he is telling the truth |
I wish he were telling If he were telling (Past Continuous) |
Present Perfect |
I hope he has told If he has told |
I wish he had told If he had told (Past Perfect) |
362
Present Perfect Continuous |
I hope he has been telling If he has been telling |
I wish he had been telling If he had been telling (Past Perfect Con- tinuous) |
Past Indefi- nite |
I hope he told If he told |
I wish he had told If he had told (Past Perfect) |
Past Con- tinuous |
I hope he was telling If he was telling |
I wish he had been telling If he had been telling (Past Perfect Con- tinuous) |
Past Perfect |
I hope he had told If he had told |
I wish he had told If he had told (Past Perfect) |
Past Perfect j Continuous |
I hope he has been telling If he had been telling |
I wish he had been telling If he had been telling (Past Perfect Con- tinuous) |
Present Indefinite (в значении будущего) |
I hope he tells If he tells |
|
Future Indefinite |
I hope he will tell |
I wish he would tell (Future in the Past) If he told (Past Indefinite) |
Future Continuous |
I hope he will be telling |
If he were telling (Past Continuous) |
363
Future Continuous (в значении будущего) |
I hope he is telling If he is telling |
|
Future Perfect |
I hope he will have told |
If he had told (Past Perfect) |
Future Perfect |
If he has told (после if не употребляются будущие времена) |
|
Future in the Past |
I hoped he would tell |
|
Future in the Past |
(he said that) if he told (используется при согласовании времен) |
(He said that) if he had told (Past Perfect Continu- ous) |
Упражнение
37. Укажите время придаточных пред-
ложений.
1.
If you told the truth, people would trust you
more. 2. If you
were telling the truth, you would be
looking me straight in the
eye. 3. If you had told the
truth, you wouldn't have blushed like
that. 4. If you
had told the truth, you would not have been
punished.
5. If you had met him before, I am sure he would
have
recognized you. 6. If we went out, we should only
get
soaking wet. 7. If we were playing tennis, we shouldn't
be
able to finish our work.
Упражнение
38. Переведите на русский язык пред-
ложения
из упражнения 32.
364
Упражнение
39. Раскройте скобки, употребляя гла-
голы
в требуемых временах.
Motorist
A: Am I
on the road for Epsom?
Policeman:
Yes, sir. If you (go) straight on, you (be)
there
in twenty minutes. But wait. If you (go) to Ep-
som, will you
take my mother-in-law too?
Motorist
B: Am I on the right road
for Epsom?
Policeman:
No, sir. If you (follow) the road you are
on
now, you (be) going in the opposite direction.
Friend,
at Epsom, to Motorist A: You got here
without any difficulty, I
see. If you (ask) the police-
man
at Sutton to direct you, you (be) very wise.
Friend,
at Epsom, to Motorist B:
You were on the
wrong road. If you (take) that road, you were
going
right out of your way; and if you (go) on in that
direc-
tion, you (never, get) here.
Motorist
В to Motorist A: Why
didn't you wait
for me? If you (wait) I (not take) the wrong
road. How
did you find the way so
easily?
Motorist
A to Motorist B: Well, for
one thing, I
follow the sign posts. If I (do) that, I seldom get
lost.
Then If I (be) in doubt, I ask a policeman. If I (be) you,
I
(follow) the red buses on your way back.
If
all the good people (be) clever, the world (be
nicer than ever
(E. Wordsworth). 8. If I
(be) present at
the creation, I (give) some useful hints for the
better
arrangement of the Universe (Alfonse the Wise).
Упражнение
40. Сократите, где возможно, сложные
предложения
до предложений с одним личным
глаголом.
1.1
hope I shall see you on
Friday. 2.1 hope Jim
and
Dave will be there too.
3. I now regret I spoke to
the
boy so sharply. 4. We believe that Robert is thoroughly
365
honest.
5. I don't pretend that I am as clever as you
are. 6.
The detective noticed that a shoe was sticking
out from under the
curtain. 7. I'm afraid I might have
an accident. 8. We are sorry
we are so late. 9. The chil-
dren decided they would go home to
bed.
10.
Have you
any idea how one can make this machine work?
11.
Please tell us whether we should wait for you or
not. 12. Some
people never know when they should
stop talking. 13.
Remind me that I have to go for my
medical examination tomorrow.
14. Be careful you
don't drop that bottle. 15.
The thought that she might
lose all her money haunted the old
lady day and night.
16. None of the prisoners can complain that
they have
been badly treated.
17.
But they insist that they are in-
nocent. 18. I cannot understand
why you behaved so
foolishly. 19. He promised he would buy me a
bunch of
red roses. 20. Do you suggest that we should start
this
again?
Упражнение
41. Сократите, где возможно,
сложные
предложения до предложений
с одним личным
глаголом.
1.
When I began this talk, I
did not intend that I
should speak for more than half an hour. 2.
Anyone
who wishes to take a photograph of the view may do so
when
we come to the next stop. 3.
Goods that have been
in any way damaged in transit must be
returned to the
factory at once. 4.
The meeting that was arranged for
next Tuesday will now be held
the Tuesday after.
5. The Hotel cannot accept responsibility for
any valu-
ables which are left in the bedrooms and which are
then
lost. 6. Can you find something that will stop that
door banging?
7. I have never been to India, so I can't
answer that question.
8. You seem to have changed
your mind about Joe since you met his
mother-in-law.
366
9.
One can make rapid progress with a new language if
one listens to
recordings of it regularly. 10. Passen-
gers must go through the
Customs before they embark.
11.
When I receive your application, I will deal with
your case at
once. 12. All sailing's
have been canceled
because there is thick fog in the Channel. 13.
There
will be time to discuss that after you have been
elected.
14. There is no
difference between these two photo-
graphs that anyone can
notice. 15. If I may speak
frankly, I didn't like the way you
described my paint-
ings at all. 16. Smuts
was a lawyer by training, but
when he was forced to be a soldier
he was a very good
soldier. 17.
I don't wish to criticize, but I must draw
attention to the fact
that some of your remarks are in-
accurate.
18. Jackson was asked if he could explain
why he was absent on
Monday, but he could give no an-
swer that was satisfactory. 19.
Do not forget you must
deposit your key at the reception desk
when you leave
the Hotel. 20. If you work through this book
system-
atically, you can learn how you can use the English
verb
more efficiently.
Упражнение
42. Составьте сложносочиненные
пред-
ложения с придаточными
определительными на
основе предлагаемых
пар предложений, изменяя
второе
предложение на придаточное.
1.
The pipeline has been severed. It carries the
town's water
supplies. 2. The exhibition was not very
interesting. My friend
took me to see it. 3. One of the
chief things is to save money,
manpower, and time. A
computer
can do this thing. 4. Trade Union legislation
is one major
problem. The Government has yet to
tackle this problem. 5.
Immigration is an issue. This
issue raises strong emotions. 6.
There is still a great
deal of work. This work has to be done
before the build
367
ing
is ready for occupation. 7. Paintings by Renoir re-
alized record
prices in the sale. The sale took place at
Sotheby's in London
yesterday. 8. There is evidence
that
many men were in fact willing to accept the
Company's revised pay
offer. These men went on
strike. 9. The pools winner used a
system. This system,
he said, had won him several small amounts
over the
years. 10. The gales caused widespread damage.
They
swept across southern England last night. 11.
British
shipyards are now quoting prices. These prices com-
pare
favorably with foreign competitors. 12. Is the of-
fer still
open? You made the offer last week. 13.
Num-
ber of people will place a heavy strain on airport
facili-
ties. These people will be traveling by air in the
1990's.
14.
Only by exporting enough can we pay for the
goods. We buy these
goods from abroad. 15. Members
of the local sub-aqua club came
across a wreck. It had
lain on the sea-bed for over 200 yeas. 16.
The problem
today is to build houses at a price. Young couples
can
afford to pay this price.
17.1
know the very person.
He
will do the job quickly. 18. The problem in New Towns
is
that it has taken three generations to create the
closely-knit
community life. This community life gives
older towns their
homeliness and character. 19. There
is no doubt, however, that
the New Towns have trans-
formed the lives of many people. These
people might
otherwise still be living in overcrowded towns. 20.
In
some areas of Britain, unemployment is a fact of life.
People
have
grown
accustomed
to
facing
this
fact.
Упражнение
43. Составьте сложноподчиненные
предложения
с придаточными определительными,
относящимися
к словам, выделенным курсивом.
Пример:
The Council has decided to ask every tenant
to move to a smaller
house or a flat.
368
The
Council has decided to ask every tenant
who has a house bigger
than he needs to move
to a smaller house or a flat.
1.
Any man should be sent to prison. 2.
The suit is
identical to one my brother bought. 3.
In London every
Englishman carries a rolled umbrella and wears
a
bowler hat. 4. Laws
should be repealed. 5. The
yacht
arrived first. 6. The house has been demolished. 7. The
car
was driven by the world champion. 8. Would you
like to see the
photographs? 9. He's the most intelli-
gent man. 10. He will do
anything. 11. The man was
her uncle. 12.
That's the third telephone call. 13.
Noth-
ing is ever a success. 14.
He enjoys talking to
anyone.
15.1
always feel
confidence in
someone.
Упражнение
44. Составьте сложноподчиненные
предложения
с придаточными определительными,
относящимися
к словам, выделенным курсивом.
1.
Students generally like a
teacher. 2. Teachers
generally like students. 3. He lends money
only to
people. 4. Is that all the work? 5. The sort of food is
not
the same as Continental food. 6.
Children like aunts
and uncles. 7. Men dislike women. 8. Women
dislike
men. 9. The excuse was unacceptable. 10. The stretch
of
water is called the English Channel. 11.
I will pay
for the damage. 12.1
am sure there isn't anyone among
the audience here tonight.
13. My father is a man. 14.1
detest
people. 15. Switzerland is
a country.
Упражнение
45. Составьте сложносочиненные
предложения
с придаточными определительными
на
основе предлагаемых пар предложений,
используя
which
или
who.
1.
This industrial dispute has now been settled. It
disrupted
production at six Midlands factories while it
369
lasted.
2. The Prime Minister's reshuffle means that
the Cabinet will be
reduced to twenty. It now has
twenty-two
members. 3. Some London policemen were
sent to America on a
goodwill visit. They are well
known for their politeness and
helpfulness. 4. Three
acres of land go with this estate. The
estate is situated
in one of the most beautiful parts of rural
England.
5. The Chancellor of the Exchequer later issued
a
statement
to the press.
He had earlier refused to speak
to reporters. 6. Covent Garden's
latest production of
Don Giovanni looks like being a huge
success. It
opened at the Royal Opera House last night.
7.
The new
official guide to London contains a wealth of
informa-
tion for visitors. It
will
appear
in
the
bookshops
next
week.
Упражнение
46. Замените личные придаточные
предложения
безличными, используя инфинитив.
Не
изменяйте пунктуацию.
Пример:
This is a
point which we should bear
in mind.
This
is a point to bear in mind.
1.
Measures
that will restrain home demand
have
already been considered by the Chancellor. 2. There
are
more than fifty proposals
that will be discussed at
the conference.
3. The changeover to the
metric system
has given manufacturers plenty
that they must think
about.
4. The Government has been considering means
that
would bring about a redistribution of wealth.
5.
There are many difficulties
that must be sur-
mounted
before any agreement can be reached.
6. Brit-
ain has little
that she can be proud of in the
latest set of
trade figures. 7. Our company builds houses
that suit
many different types of purchasers. 8.
Before our cars
leave the factory, there is an exhaustive series
of tests
370
that
must be passed.
9. There is still a long way
that we
must go
before we reach our sales targets. 10. Before a
person
can get legal aid, there are certain procedures
that
must be followed.
11.
British trains have commu-
nication cords
which may be
operated only in an emer-
gency.
12. The chemist gave her the tablets
which were
to be taken three times
daily. 13. The Consumer's As-
sociation has set up a new body
which will check on
price rises in household goods.
14. The Government
hopes that these new driving regulations,
which will
come into operation from the first of the next
month,
will result in improved road safety. 15. Many people
have
written to The Times about the new inland post-
age rates
which will be introduced shortly.
16. A sig-
nificant point
that has emerged from the Govern-
ment's survey
is that large numbers of people living in
Council houses would
like the opportunity to become
house owners.
Упражнение
47. Дополните предложения определи-
тельными
придаточными.
1.
The hose ... has at last
been sold. 2. We spent our
holiday in the town ...
. 3.
The housing problem, ...,
is
now almost solved. 4. He recalled the time when ....
5.1
wanted to buy a car ... .
6. Do you remember the
name of the place ...?
7. What did he do with the
money ...?
8. He is the sort of man ....
9. This letter is
from my brother, ....
10. English scenery has a beauty
...
. 11. He did his medical
training at a hospital ....
12.
I am prepared to agree to anything ...
. 13. Some-
thing ...
quite startled me. 14. I
remembered the rea-
son ...
. 15. Perhaps you could
tell me the name of the
shop ... .
16. That's the first time ... 17. These rare
books,...,
were sold for a record price. 18. Perhaps you
didn't know that it
was my son. 19. I can't really be-
371
lieve
his story, ...
.
20. We returned by the same train
... .
21. I am sure there is no one here but ... .
Beethoven
is one of the greatest composers ...
.
His
father, ..., said he
intended to retire shortly.
We
were advised to buy the larger dictionary,
In
1953, a British expedition succeeded in climbing
Everest, ....
Упражнение
48. Дополните предложения используя
союзы
which,
who,
whom,
when,
или
where.
1.
That evening we went to the cinema, ...
. 2. He
had intended to
buy the goods before seeing them, ... .
3.
I had almost given up expecting him, ... .
4. The
Queen was, after all, unable to attend the charity
con-
cert, ... .
5. The father left his business to his son, ....
6.
The campers moved on without extinguishing their
fire, ...
. 7. The man dived fully
clothed into the river
to save the boy,
... .
8. We were beginning to
think that
our view from the mountain-side would be obscured
by
cloud,....
9. Last year we spent our holiday in Austria,
... .
10. I have the message to Peter, ... .
11. In some
cinemas, smoking is prohibited, ... .
12. Last night we
went to the opera at Covent Garden, ...
. 13. The letter
received
was in fact intended for John, to ...
. 14.
The
contractors have now sent a satisfactory estimate
for
building the school, on the basis of ...
. 15.
He missed a
lot of work
through his absence from school, to make
au for...
.
Упражнение
49. Составьте сложносочиненные
пред-
ложения с придаточными
определительными на ос-
нове предлагаемых
пар предложений, используя
whose.
Пример:
The headmaster spoke to the boys. Their
work was below standard.
372
The
headmaster spoke to the boys whose
work was below standard.
1.
London looks forward to the visit of Sviatoslav
Richter. His
virtuosity is now a byword among con-
cert-goers. 2.
The Prime Minister may be forced to re-
sign. His support in the
party has seriously declined.
3. Bertrand Russell died in 1970.
His philosophical
writing made a profound impact on
philosophers all
over the would. 4. The Government's new
Pensions
Bill will be debated in Parliament next week. Its
provi-
sions are a matter of considerable controversy. 5.
The
U.S. President is unlikely to seek a second term of of-
fice.
His administration has been under constant fire
during the last
eighteen months. 6.
The car driver was
sent to prison for six months. The entire
blame for the
accident rested on his shoulders. 7. Lord Nelson
was
famous for his naval exploits. A column was erected in
his
memory in Trafalgar Square in London. 8.
I have
pleasure in introducing to you the man. Without
his
generosity your society would cease to exist. 9. The
fire
started on the first floor of the hospital.
Many of
its patients are elderly and infirm.
Упражнение
50. Замените конструкции, выделенные
курсивом,
на конструкции с
when, why, where или
as.
1.
The days
in
which you could travel without
a
passport are a thing
of the past. 2. In 1824, Charles
Dickens went to America,
in which country he advo-
cated
international copyright and the abolition of sla-
very. 3. There
are times
at which everyone needs to
be
alone. 4. Have you ever been in a situation
in which
you know the other
person in right yet you can't agree
with him? 5. He remembered
several occasions in the
past
on which he had experienced a
similar feeling.
373
6.
Shakespeare arrived in London about 1586,
and
there,
some time later, he became a member of the Lord
Chamberlain's
company of players. 7.1
can't think of
any reason
for which you should
take all the blame for
what happened. 8. The car showed its true
qualities on
Continental roads,
on which it was
possible to drive up
to 500 miles a day without undue strain. 9.
This Com-
pany has now
introduced a policy
under which
premi-
ums are related to the age of the driver. 10. The
whole
family wants to emigrate to a country
in which there
is
more scope for individual enterprise.
Придаточное
с
what часто переводится на
рус-
ский язык придаточным изъяснительным
пред-
ложением.
Не
got
what
he
wanted.
—
Он получил все, что
хотел.
Упражнение
51. Замените конструкции, выделенные
курсивом,
на конструкции с
what.
1.
The thing that the speaker said
next was lost in
the general uproar. 2.
Why don't you explain
the idea
that you have in
mind? 3. The teacher tested the stu-
dents to see if they
remembered
the things which they
had
learned. 4.
The thing that you're asking me
to do is
out of the question. 5. He's
something that's
known as
a "bellyacher"
— he's always complaining
about some-
thing. 6. What a nuisance! That's just
the thing which
I didn't want
to happen. 7.
The thing that amazes me
is
where he gets all his energy from. 8. Would this be
the
thing that you're looking
for? 9. Mind
the things that
you say to
him; he's very sensitive! 10. The leader of
374
the
expedition marked out
something that
seemed to be
the best route.
Упражнение
52. Укажите номера предложений, ко-
торые
являются неправильными.
1.
If more money would be available, the school
would be able to buy
a new piano. 2. He would
tell us if
he would know. 3.
He would go to England if you would
lend him your car. 4.
If she would find the right man,
she would get married. 5.
If she should find the right
man, she would get married. 6. If
they would have the
time, they would go to Paris in the spring.
7.1 would
pass the
decision on to the Director if you would let me
know as soon as
possible. 8. If you would go by car to
Utrecht tonight in the
fog, you would risk having an
accident. 9. If he should get the
job, he would be de-
lighted.
10. If you would let me have your car for a
weekend,
I would be able to go to Limburg.
11. We
might come to an agreement if there would be
more
discussion of the problem. 12. If people would park
their
cars in the right places, there would not be so
many accidents.
13. Should the government resign
there would have to be an
election. 14. If there would
be life on other planets, I would be
very surprised.
15. If you would like to come to the party, you
would
have to let us know tonight. 16. If he would give
up
smoking, his health would improve. 17.
If there should
be a strike at Harwich, we won't get to London in
time
for the concert.
18. If you would post this
letter for me
on your way to school, I would be very grateful.
19. If
the roof would be
damaged by the storm, I would be
very surprised if the bill for
repairs were less than fl
20.000.
20. If the roof should be damaged by the
storm, I would be
surprised if the bill for repairs were
less than fl 20.000.
375
Учебное
издание
Кравченко
Ольга Фёдоровна
Ермолюк Александр
Владимирович
516
упражнений по грамматике
английского
языка
Редактор
Г. К. Середина
Верстка
А. А. Егоренков
ЛР
№ 064763 от 24.09.96 г.
Подписано
в печать 15.11.99 г.
Формат 84 х108
'/32.
Бумага
офсетная. Печать офсетная. Усл. печ. л.
20,16.
Тираж
5 ООО экз. Заказ № 3840.
Отпечатано
с готового оригинал-макета
в типографии
ГИПП «Вятка»
610044,
г. Киров, ул. Московская, 122