- •Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное
- •Предисловие
- •Section 1. Topics & vocabulary Unit 1. English language
- •English Today
- •Vocabulary:
- •It’s interesting to know: The Future of English
- •Vocabulary:
- •Unit 2. Countries and cities
- •2.1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain
- •Great Britain
- •Vocabulary:
- •Vocabulary:
- •London Traffic
- •Vocabulary:
- •It’s interesting to know: National Emblems and Holidays of the United Kingdom
- •Vocabulary:
- •Places of Interest in Great Britain
- •Vocabulary:
- •2.2. The United States of America
- •1. Scan the text "The usa" to get the full idea of it. Find the paragraphs about:
- •The usa
- •Vocabulary:
- •Washington, dc
- •Vocabulary:
- •New York
- •Vocabulary:
- •It’s interesting to know: American Symbols
- •Vocabulary:
- •The other English-speaking countries (1) Canada
- •Vocabulary:
- •(2) Australia
- •Vocabulary:
- •Unit 3. Science and education
- •3.1. British Educational System
- •The British Educational System (1) State Education
- •(2) Private Education
- •Vocabulary:
- •3.2. The us Educational System
- •Education in the usa
- •Vocabulary:
- •It’s interesting to know: Oxford – the University Town
- •Cambridge
- •Vocabulary:
- •1. Practise the dialogue. Mind the proper intonation:
- •2. Make up your own dialogues, discussing the read texts in pairs. Use the following notes:
- •Unit 4. Sport and health
- •4.1. Sport in Great Britain
- •Sport in Great Britain
- •Vocabulary:
- •4.2. Sport in the usa
- •Sport in the usa
- •Vocabulary:
- •The Olympic Games
- •Vocabulary:
- •Unit 5. The mass media
- •5.1. The British Press
- •The British Press
- •Vocabulary:
- •5.2. The American Press
- •The American Press
- •Vocabulary:
- •The Mass Media
- •Vocabulary:
- •It’s interesting to know: From the history of printed books
- •Vocabuliary:
- •Unit 6. Customs and traditions
- •6.1. Holidays in Great Britain
- •Holidays in Great Britain
- •Vocabulary:
- •6.2. Holidays in the usa
- •Holidays in the usa
- •Vocabulary:
- •British Traditions
- •Vocabulary:
- •Supplementary reading: Great Personalities
- •William Shakespeare
- •Vocabulary:
- •Fedor Dostoevsky
- •Vocabulary:
- •Michelangelo Buonarroti
- •Vocabulary:
- •Isaac Levitan
- •Vocabulary:
- •Vocabulary:
- •Sergey Rachmaninov
- •Vocabulary:
- •Albert Einstein
- •Vocabulary:
- •Andrei Sakharov
- •Vocabulary:
- •Section 2. Grammar Practice
- •1. The Article
- •2. The Noun
- •2.1. Plurals of Countable and Uncountable Nouns
- •2.2. The Possessive Case
- •2.2.1. Put the phrases in the possessive case as in the example.
- •2.2.2. Choose the correct item.
- •2.2.3. Translate into English.
- •2.2.4. Fill in the blanks with a correct item.
- •2.2.5. Replace the nouns in the possessive case by the prepositional groups where it is possible.
- •2.2.6. Rewrite the sentences using the possessive case.
- •3. The Adjective / Adverb
- •4. The Pronoun
- •5. The Numeral
- •6. The Verb
- •6.1. Simple Tenses
- •6.2. Continuous Tenses
- •6.3. Perfect Tenses
- •6.4. Passive Voice
- •The Tower of London
- •6.5. Modal Verbs
- •7. Sequence of Tenses
- •8. Direct/Reported speech
- •Section 3. Grammar Reference
- •Present simple
- •Present continuous
- •Present perfect
- •Past simple
- •Past continuous
- •Future Going to
- •Will (shall)
- •The Passive
- •Personal and Impersonal Passive
- •Reported speech
- •Список литературы
- •Содержание
Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein is known all over the world as a brilliant theoretical physicist and the founder of the theory of relativity. He is perhaps the greatest scientist of the 20th century. Some of his ideas made possible the atomic bomb, as well as television and other inventions.
He was born in 1879 in a small German town. His family soon moved to Munich, where Albert went to school. Neither his parents, nor his school teachers thought much of his mental abilities. His uncle often joked: "Not everybody is born to become a professor".
In 1895 Albert failed the entrance examination to a technical college in Zurich. A year later, however, he managed to pass the exam and entered the college.
After graduating from the college, Einstein started to work at the Swiss Patent Office in Bern. In 1905 he wrote a short article in a science magazine. This was his "Special Theory of Relativity", which gave the world the most famous equation relating mass and energy, the basis of atomic energy.
Later, he became a professor in several European universities and in 1914 moved to Berlin as a member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences. After ten years of hard work he created his "General Theory of Relativity".
In 1921 Einstein received the Nobel Prize for Physics.
A Jew, and a pacifist, he was attacked by the Nazis, and when Hitler came to power in 1933 he decided to settle in the United States. In 1939 Albert Ein- stein wrote a letter to President Roosevelt, outlining the military potential of nuclear energy and its danger. After the war he spoke out against nuclear weapons and repression.
Einstein died in 1955. The artificial element einsteinium has been named in his honour.
Vocabulary:
article – зд.: статья
artificial element – искусственный элемент
basis – основа, основание
einsteinium [,ain`stainiəm] – эйнштейний
equation [i`kwei3n] – уравнение
invention – изобретение
Jew [d3u:] – еврей
mass – масса
mental abilities – умственные способности
military potential – военный потенциал
Nazi [`na:tsi] – сущ.: нацист
nuclear weapons – ядерное оружие
pacifist – пацифист
prominent – видный, выдающийся
repression – репрессия
science magazine – научный журнал
technical college – технический колледж
theoretical physicist [θiə`reticəl `fizisist] – физик-теоретик
theory of relativity – теория относительности
to be named in smb’s honour – быть названным в чью-л. честь
to relate – связывать, устанавливать отношение
to come to power – прийти к власти
to settle – поселиться
to manage – зд.: суметь, справиться
to pass an exam – сдать экзамен
to attack – атаковать, to be attacked by smb. – быть атакованным кем-л.
to fail an entrance exam – провалить вступительный экзамен
to outline – обрисовать, наметить в общих чертах
to influence – оказывать влияние
to speak out against smth. – выступать против чего-л.
Questions:
1. When and where was Einstein born?
2. Where did he work after graduating from the college?
3. When did he create his "Special Theory of Relativity"?
4. How long did it take him (сколько времени у него заняло) to form his "General Theory of Relativity"?
5. Why did Einstein leave Germany?