- •Latin and Fundamentals of Medical Terminology
- •Гродно 2005
- •Учебное пособие предназначено для иностранных студентов лечебного, педиатрического и медико-психологического факультетов медицинских вузов, изучающих дисциплину «Латинский язык и основы медицинской терминологии» на английском языке.
- •I. ROMAN ALPHABET
- •Letter
- •II. Pronunciation of vowels and diphthongs
- •III. Pronunciation of consonants and digraphs
- •IV. Pronunciation of letter combinations
- •V. EXERCIsES
- •I. Division of words into syllables
- •II. The main rules for the position of an accent in Latin.
- •Rules
- •English
- •Nominative
- •Latin
- •Learn components of medicinal plants
- •Learn names of medicinal plants
- •Learn drug names:
- •before meals
- •as needed
- •every 3 hours
- •Learn names of drugs:
- •Learn names of medicinal plants:
- •Other words:
- •Learn names of drugs:
- •Learn names of medicinal plants:
- •Other words:
- •Learn names of acids:
- •Learn names of drugs:
- •Other words:
- •Learn names of drugs:
- •Learn names of medicinal plants:
- •Other words:
- •III. Graphically signed stress
- •IV. ACCENT IN WORDS OF GREEK ORIGIN
- •V. Exercises
- •I. ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY
- •II. STRUCTURE OF ANATOMICAL TERMS
- •III. GRAMMATICAL CATEGORIES OF A NOUN
- •GENDER
- •NUMBER
- •CASE
- •IV. DICTIONARY FORM OF A NOUN
- •V. DECLENSION
- •First declension
- •Third declension
- •Fourth declension
- •Fifth declension
- •VI. STEM OF NOUNS
- •VII. Exercises
- •VIII. VOCABULARY
- •I. INTRODUCTION
- •IV. The 2nd group adjectives of one form for all genders
- •VI. Exercises
- •VII. VOCABULARY
- •I. INTRODUCTION: DEGREES OF COMPARISON
- •II. The comparative degree
- •III. The superlative degree
- •VI. Exercises
- •VII. VOCABULARY
- •I. PARTICULARITIES OF THE THIRD DECLENSION
- •II. STEM OF LATIN THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS
- •III. ENDINGS OF LATIN THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS
- •IV. Exceptions to the rule of the masculine third declension nouns ENDINGS
- •V. LATIN MUSCLE NAMES
- •VI. Exercises
- •VII. VOCABULARY
- •I. ENDINGS OF FEMININE THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS
- •II. Exceptions to the rule of the FEMININE third declension nouns ENDINGS
- •III. Exercises
- •I. ENDINGS OF NEUTER THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS
- •II. Exceptions to the rule of the NEUTER third declension nouns ENDINGS
- •III. Exercises
- •I. Nouns and adjectives endings in Nominative plural
- •IV. Exercises
- •V. VOCABULARY
- •I. Nouns and adjectives endings in GENITIVE plural
- •II. Particularities of the Genitive plural formation in the 3rd declension.
- •IV. VOCABULARY
- •I. ROLE OF PREFIXION IN THE FORMATION OF ANATOMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL TERMS
- •II. LATIN AND GREEK PREFIXES USED IN THE ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY
- •IV. VOCABULARY
- •II. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •I. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •I. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •I. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •LESSON 5
- •I. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •I. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •Tetracyclīnum, i n
- •Writing good prescriptions
- •VI. Greek & Latin-English Clinical Dictionary
- •V. Latin-English Pharmaceutical Dictionary
- •VI. English-Latin Pharmaceutical Dictionary
- •VIII. Sample of the Examination Card
- •Latin and Fundamentals of Medical Terminology
20
II. THE MAIN RULES FOR THE POSITION OF AN ACCENT IN LATIN.
1.The final syllable of a word is not stressed.
2.In disyllabic words (consisting of two syllables) the second syllable (from the end) is always stressed.
3.In polysyllabic words (consisting of more than two syllables) the second or the third syllable from the end of the word is stressed.
To stress correctly a Latin word you should:
1.divide a word into its syllables,
2.find the next to last syllable,
3.determine whether the next to last syllable is stressed or not. If the next to last syllable is not stressed, the accent is shifted to the third syllable from the end of the word.
The basic rules when the next to last syllable is stressed/not stressed:
|
Rules |
Examples |
|
|
|
Next to last |
1. if it contains a diphthong such as |
pe – ri – to – naé - um |
syllable is |
ae, oe: |
pe – ro – naé - us |
stressed |
2. if a vowel of this syllable is |
liga- mén-tum |
|
followed by two or more |
reflé- xus |
|
consonants or letters «x»; «z»: |
gly – cy – rrhý – za |
|
3. if it contains such suffixes as: |
medi- á- lis |
|
-al-, -ar-, -at-, -in-, -ur-, -os-, |
di-gi- tá- tus |
|
-iv- . |
fib- ró- sus |
Next to last |
1. if its vowel is followed by |
arté- ri- a |
syllable is not |
another vowel |
supé- ri- or |
stressed |
|
|
(accent is |
2. if its vowel is followed by such |
vérte- bra |
shifted to the |
letter combinations as: |
quádru- plex |
third syllable |
br, pl, tr, |
tríque- trus |
from the end) |
|
|