- •Latin and Fundamentals of Medical Terminology
- •Гродно 2005
- •Учебное пособие предназначено для иностранных студентов лечебного, педиатрического и медико-психологического факультетов медицинских вузов, изучающих дисциплину «Латинский язык и основы медицинской терминологии» на английском языке.
- •I. ROMAN ALPHABET
- •Letter
- •II. Pronunciation of vowels and diphthongs
- •III. Pronunciation of consonants and digraphs
- •IV. Pronunciation of letter combinations
- •V. EXERCIsES
- •I. Division of words into syllables
- •II. The main rules for the position of an accent in Latin.
- •Rules
- •English
- •Nominative
- •Latin
- •Learn components of medicinal plants
- •Learn names of medicinal plants
- •Learn drug names:
- •before meals
- •as needed
- •every 3 hours
- •Learn names of drugs:
- •Learn names of medicinal plants:
- •Other words:
- •Learn names of drugs:
- •Learn names of medicinal plants:
- •Other words:
- •Learn names of acids:
- •Learn names of drugs:
- •Other words:
- •Learn names of drugs:
- •Learn names of medicinal plants:
- •Other words:
- •III. Graphically signed stress
- •IV. ACCENT IN WORDS OF GREEK ORIGIN
- •V. Exercises
- •I. ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY
- •II. STRUCTURE OF ANATOMICAL TERMS
- •III. GRAMMATICAL CATEGORIES OF A NOUN
- •GENDER
- •NUMBER
- •CASE
- •IV. DICTIONARY FORM OF A NOUN
- •V. DECLENSION
- •First declension
- •Third declension
- •Fourth declension
- •Fifth declension
- •VI. STEM OF NOUNS
- •VII. Exercises
- •VIII. VOCABULARY
- •I. INTRODUCTION
- •IV. The 2nd group adjectives of one form for all genders
- •VI. Exercises
- •VII. VOCABULARY
- •I. INTRODUCTION: DEGREES OF COMPARISON
- •II. The comparative degree
- •III. The superlative degree
- •VI. Exercises
- •VII. VOCABULARY
- •I. PARTICULARITIES OF THE THIRD DECLENSION
- •II. STEM OF LATIN THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS
- •III. ENDINGS OF LATIN THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS
- •IV. Exceptions to the rule of the masculine third declension nouns ENDINGS
- •V. LATIN MUSCLE NAMES
- •VI. Exercises
- •VII. VOCABULARY
- •I. ENDINGS OF FEMININE THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS
- •II. Exceptions to the rule of the FEMININE third declension nouns ENDINGS
- •III. Exercises
- •I. ENDINGS OF NEUTER THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS
- •II. Exceptions to the rule of the NEUTER third declension nouns ENDINGS
- •III. Exercises
- •I. Nouns and adjectives endings in Nominative plural
- •IV. Exercises
- •V. VOCABULARY
- •I. Nouns and adjectives endings in GENITIVE plural
- •II. Particularities of the Genitive plural formation in the 3rd declension.
- •IV. VOCABULARY
- •I. ROLE OF PREFIXION IN THE FORMATION OF ANATOMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL TERMS
- •II. LATIN AND GREEK PREFIXES USED IN THE ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY
- •IV. VOCABULARY
- •II. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •I. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •I. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •I. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •LESSON 5
- •I. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •I. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •Tetracyclīnum, i n
- •Writing good prescriptions
- •VI. Greek & Latin-English Clinical Dictionary
- •V. Latin-English Pharmaceutical Dictionary
- •VI. English-Latin Pharmaceutical Dictionary
- •VIII. Sample of the Examination Card
- •Latin and Fundamentals of Medical Terminology
59
LESSON 7
LATIN THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS. FEMININE GENDER
In this lesson you will:
•Learn the endings of the feminine third declension nouns.
•Learn exceptions to the rule of the feminine third declension nouns endings.
This lesson is divided into the following sections:
I.Endings of feminine third declension nouns.
II.Exceptions to the rule of the feminine third declension nouns endings.
III.Exercises.
IV. Vocabulary
I. ENDINGS OF FEMININE THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS
Most nouns ending by -io, -as, -is, -s, -x (imparisyllaba), -is (parisyllaba) are feminine, cf.:
|
Endings |
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Examples |
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Nominative |
Genitive (with |
a |
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|||
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part of the stem) |
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1. |
- as |
- ātis |
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cavĭtas, cavitātis f - cavity |
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2. |
- is |
- ĭdis |
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pyrămis, pyramĭdis f - pyramid |
|
(imparisyllaba) |
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3. |
- is |
- is |
|
auris, auris f – ear |
(parisyllaba) |
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4. |
- s |
- tis |
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pars, partis f - part |
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5. |
- x |
- cis |
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radix, radīcis f – root |
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- gis |
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meninx, meningis f - meninx |
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||
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6. |
- o |
- ĭnis |
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cartilāgo, cartilagĭnis f – cartilage |
- io |
- ōnis |
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articulatĭo, articulatiōnis f – joint |
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60
II. EXCEPTIONS TO THE RULE OF THE FEMININE THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS ENDINGS
The following nouns having feminine endings are masculine (according to 6 endings in the foregoing table):
1 |
atlas, ntis m |
atlas |
2 |
pulvis, ěris m |
powder |
|
sanguis, ĭnis m |
blood |
3 |
axis, is m |
axis |
|
canālis, is m |
canal |
|
unguis, is m |
nail |
4 |
dens, dentis m |
tooth |
5 |
fornix, ĭcis m |
arch |
|
larynx, ngis m |
larynx |
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pharynx, ngis m |
pharynx |
|
coccyx, ýgis m |
tailbone |
|
thorax, ācis m |
chest |
6 |
tendo, ĭnis m |
sinew |
|
margo, ĭnis m |
edge |
The following nouns having feminine endings are neuter:
1.pancrĕas, ătis n - pancreas
2.vas, vasis n - vessel
III. EXERCISES
1.Translate into English:
cavĭtas medullāris, basis cranii externa, cartilāgo thyroiděa, cartilāgo alāris major, margo inferior pulmōnis sinistri, auris externa, bifurcatio trachēae, basis pyramĭdis renālis, margo utěri dexter, axis bulbi externus, pancreas accessorium,
61
pars liběra gingīvae, cartilāgo septi nasi, cavĭtas oris propria, labyrinthus ossěus auris internae, terminatio nervi cutis, vas lymphatĭcum superficiāle, canālis palatīnus major, caput pancreătis, regio thorācis posterior, sanguis venōsus et arteriōsus.
2.Make up grammatical agreement of adjectives with the given nouns :
1) cavĭtas (pleurālis, e; articulāris, e; medullāris, e) 2) margo (anterior, ius; frontālis, e ; dexter, tra, trum)
3) auris (internus, a, um ; externus, a, um ; medius, a, um)
4) cartilāgo (costālis, e; alāris, e; articulāris, e; major, jus)
5) pars (ossěus, a, um; laterālis, e; anterior, ius; dexter, tra, trum) 6) vas (lymphatĭcus, a, um; sanguiněus, a, um; capillāris, e)
3.Translate into Latin:
dura mater of brain, pyloric canal, fornix of stomach, canal of great stony nerve, angle of stomach, fornix of pharynx, ring-shaped part of fibrous vagina, sholder joint, capsule of pancreas, tympanic cavity of middle ear, greater palatine canal, cartilage of nasal septum, inferior constrictor of pharynx.
V. VOCABULARY |
|
|
1. |
alāris, e |
alar |
2. |
anulāris, e |
ring-shaped |
3. |
abor, ōris f |
abor |
4. |
arteriōsus, a, um |
arterial |
5. |
articulatĭo, ōnis f |
joint |
6. |
auris, is f |
ear |
7. |
bifurcatĭo, ōnis f |
bifurcation |
8. |
capillāris, e |
capillary |
9. |
carotĭcus, a, um |
carotid |
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62 |
10.cartilāgo, ĭnis f |
cartilage |
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11.cavĭtas, ātis f |
cavity |
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12.coccyx, ýgis m |
coccyx, coccygeal bone |
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13.composĭtus, a, um |
complex |
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14.costālis, e |
costal |
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15.cutis, is f |
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skin |
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16.dens, dentis m |
tooth |
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• |
dens canīnus |
canine, cuspid tooth |
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• |
dens incisīvus |
incisor tooth |
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• |
dens molāris |
molar tooth |
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• |
dens premolāris |
premolar tooth |
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• |
dens decidŭus |
milk tooth |
|
• |
dens |
sapientĭae |
(dens wisdom tooth |
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serotĭnus) |
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17.fornix, ĭcis m |
fornix, arc |
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18.iliăcus, a, um |
iliac |
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19.incisīvus, a, um |
incisive, cutting, sharp |
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20.labyrinthus, i m |
labyrinth |
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21.mandibulāris, e |
mandibular |
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22.masseterĭcus, a, um |
masticatory, chewing |
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23.molāris, e |
molar |
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24.optĭcus, a, um |
optic, visual |
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25.pancrěas, ătis n |
pancreas |
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26.pelvis, is f |
pelvis |
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27.pleurālis, e |
pleural |
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28.pylorĭcus, a, um |
pyloric |
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29.regĭo, ōnis f |
region |
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30.sanguiněus, a, um |
blood, sanguiferous |
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31.sanguis, ĭnis m |
blood |
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63 |
32.simplex, ĭcis |
simple |
33.sternālis, e |
sternal |
34.tuberosĭtas, ātis f |
tuberosity |
35.vas, vasis n |
vessel |
36.vita, ae f |
life |