- •Latin and Fundamentals of Medical Terminology
- •Гродно 2005
- •Учебное пособие предназначено для иностранных студентов лечебного, педиатрического и медико-психологического факультетов медицинских вузов, изучающих дисциплину «Латинский язык и основы медицинской терминологии» на английском языке.
- •I. ROMAN ALPHABET
- •Letter
- •II. Pronunciation of vowels and diphthongs
- •III. Pronunciation of consonants and digraphs
- •IV. Pronunciation of letter combinations
- •V. EXERCIsES
- •I. Division of words into syllables
- •II. The main rules for the position of an accent in Latin.
- •Rules
- •English
- •Nominative
- •Latin
- •Learn components of medicinal plants
- •Learn names of medicinal plants
- •Learn drug names:
- •before meals
- •as needed
- •every 3 hours
- •Learn names of drugs:
- •Learn names of medicinal plants:
- •Other words:
- •Learn names of drugs:
- •Learn names of medicinal plants:
- •Other words:
- •Learn names of acids:
- •Learn names of drugs:
- •Other words:
- •Learn names of drugs:
- •Learn names of medicinal plants:
- •Other words:
- •III. Graphically signed stress
- •IV. ACCENT IN WORDS OF GREEK ORIGIN
- •V. Exercises
- •I. ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY
- •II. STRUCTURE OF ANATOMICAL TERMS
- •III. GRAMMATICAL CATEGORIES OF A NOUN
- •GENDER
- •NUMBER
- •CASE
- •IV. DICTIONARY FORM OF A NOUN
- •V. DECLENSION
- •First declension
- •Third declension
- •Fourth declension
- •Fifth declension
- •VI. STEM OF NOUNS
- •VII. Exercises
- •VIII. VOCABULARY
- •I. INTRODUCTION
- •IV. The 2nd group adjectives of one form for all genders
- •VI. Exercises
- •VII. VOCABULARY
- •I. INTRODUCTION: DEGREES OF COMPARISON
- •II. The comparative degree
- •III. The superlative degree
- •VI. Exercises
- •VII. VOCABULARY
- •I. PARTICULARITIES OF THE THIRD DECLENSION
- •II. STEM OF LATIN THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS
- •III. ENDINGS OF LATIN THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS
- •IV. Exceptions to the rule of the masculine third declension nouns ENDINGS
- •V. LATIN MUSCLE NAMES
- •VI. Exercises
- •VII. VOCABULARY
- •I. ENDINGS OF FEMININE THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS
- •II. Exceptions to the rule of the FEMININE third declension nouns ENDINGS
- •III. Exercises
- •I. ENDINGS OF NEUTER THIRD DECLENSION NOUNS
- •II. Exceptions to the rule of the NEUTER third declension nouns ENDINGS
- •III. Exercises
- •I. Nouns and adjectives endings in Nominative plural
- •IV. Exercises
- •V. VOCABULARY
- •I. Nouns and adjectives endings in GENITIVE plural
- •II. Particularities of the Genitive plural formation in the 3rd declension.
- •IV. VOCABULARY
- •I. ROLE OF PREFIXION IN THE FORMATION OF ANATOMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL TERMS
- •II. LATIN AND GREEK PREFIXES USED IN THE ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY
- •IV. VOCABULARY
- •II. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •I. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •I. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •I. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •LESSON 5
- •I. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •I. Roots and suffixes used in the Greek and Latin medical terms
- •ROOTS
- •Tetracyclīnum, i n
- •Writing good prescriptions
- •VI. Greek & Latin-English Clinical Dictionary
- •V. Latin-English Pharmaceutical Dictionary
- •VI. English-Latin Pharmaceutical Dictionary
- •VIII. Sample of the Examination Card
- •Latin and Fundamentals of Medical Terminology
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Writing good prescriptions
• careful use of decimal points to avoid ambiguity:
oavoid unneccessary decimal points: 5 mL instead of 5.0 mL to avoid possible misinterpretation of 5.0=50
oalway zero prefix decimals: e.g. 0.5 instead of .5 to avoid misinterpretation with .5=5
onever have trailing zeros on decimals: e.g. use 0.5 instead of .50 to avoid misinterpretation with .50=50
oavoid decimals altogether by changing the units: 0.5 g =500 mg
III.LIQUID PHARMACEUTICAL FORMS IN PRESCRIPTIONS
Solutions – Solutiōnes
•The Genitive form after “Recipe” – Solutiōnis.
•Solutions can be alcoholic, oil and glyceric, respectively the Latin Genitive forms after “Recipe” are Solutiōnis spirituōsae, Solutiōnis oleōsae, Solutiōnis glycerinōsae (solutio – feminine!), the adjective to be placed at the end of the prescription line before the dosage.
•The solution concentration is indicated in the following way: Recipe:
Solutiōnis Camphŏrae oleōsae 10% - 100 ml.
Mucilages – Mucilagĭnes
•The Genitive form after “Recipe”– Mucilagĭnis.
•The most frequently used mucilage is the starch mucilage: Recipe:
Mucilagĭnis Amўli
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Suspensions – Suspensiōnes
•The Genitive form after “Recipe”– Suspensiōnis.
•E.g.: Recipe: Suspensiōnis Hydrocortisōni
Emulsions – Emulsa
•The Genitive form after “Recipe” – Emulsi.
•E.g.: Recipe: Emulsi olěi Ricĭni.
Infusions and decoctions – Infūsa et Decocta
•The Genitive form after “Recipe” – Infūsi, Decocti.
•After the pharmaceutical form parts of medicinal plants are indicated:
Cortex - cortex (Genitive – cortĭcis)
Root - radix (Genitive – radīcis)
Rhizome – rhizōma (Genitive – rhizomătis)
Leaf – folĭum (Genitive singular – folĭi, Genitive plural - foliōrum)
Herb – herba (Genitive – herbae)
Flower– flos (Genitive singular – flores, Genitive plural - florum)
•E.g.: Recipe: Decocti cortĭcis Quercus
Tinctures – Tinctūrae
•The Genitive form after “Recipe” – Tinctūrae.
•E.g.: Recipe: Tinctūrae Valeriānae.
Extracts – Extracta
• The Genitive form after “Recipe” – Extracti.
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•Three general types of extracts are distinguished: fluid extracts (Extractum fluĭdum – extracti fluĭdi), thick extracts (Extractum spissum – extracti spissi) and dry extracts (Extractum siccum – extracti sicci).
•E.g.: Recipe: Extracti Frangŭlae fluĭdi
Liniments – Linimenta
•The Genitive form after “Recipe” – Linimenti.
•E.g.: Recipe: Linimenti Synthomycīni.
IV. SEMISOLID PHARMACEUTICAL FORMS IN PRESCRIPTIONS
Ointments – Unguenta
•The Genitive form after “Recipe” – Unguenti.
•Eye ointment – Unguentum ophthalmĭcum (Unguenti opthalmĭci).
•E.g.: Recipe: Unguenti Zinci.
Pastes – Pastae
•The Genitive form after “Recipe” – Pastae.
•E.g.: Recipe: Pastae Zinci.
Plasters – Emplastra
•The Genitive form after “Recipe” – Emplastri.
•Simple plaster – Emplastrum simplex (Emplastri simplĭcis).
•E.g.: Recipe: Emplastri Plumbi simplĭcis.
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V. THE MOST-USED PRESCRIPTION PHRASES I
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ad 10,0 |
up to 10 gr. |
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ad usum externum |
for external use |
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ad usum internum |
for internal use |
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ana |
of each |
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bis (tres) repetātur |
Let it be repeated twice (three times) |
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cito! |
urgent! |
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contra tussim |
against cough |
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in ampullis |
in ampoules |
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in capsŭlis |
in capsules |
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in vitro nigro |
in a dark phial |
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non repetātur |
do not repeat |
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numěro |
number |
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pro auctōre |
for himself – if a doctor prescribes a |
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drug for himself |
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pro infantĭbus |
for children |
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pro injectionĭbus |
for injections |
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pro me |
for me |
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pro narcōsi |
for narcosis |
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pro suspensionĭbus |
for suspensions |
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quantum satis |
in sufficient amount |
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statim! |
immediately! |
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