4.6. Изложение краткого содержания текста (резюме / реферат текста)

Реферат (резюме) — это конспектное изложение содержания ста­тьи или книги, передающее ее основной смысл. Реферат содержит в общем виде все основные положения оригинала.

Объем определяется степенью важности реферируемого материа­ла, хотя практически в среднем не превышает 2 000 печатных знаков.

Рефераты должны составляться по определенной схеме:

— автор, название работы (на иностранном языке), перевод названия;

— выходные данные (см. схему составления аннотации);

— краткое содержание работы;

— выводы или резюме составителя реферата.

Making a summary of a text.

The following clichés will help you to speak about the contents of any text you’ve read.

I.

This The

text book article

is about deals with touches upon

(the)… the problem of… the question(s) of…

II.

This			is of presents	much some great no	interest importance use	for those who	study are in­ter­ested in etc.
The	problem question subject fact	considered discussed in question under con­sideration

III.

The author

points out states makes it clear draws our attention to the fact

that…

IV.

It is

necessary interesting important useful

to

bear in mind emphasize mention say

(in this connection)

that…

V.

There are The author gives

some two (three) many

good and interesting useful

examples illustrating the…

Or

The examples given

in the text by the author

illustrate well enough the…

VI.

It should be

realized made clear pointed out borne in mind mentioned

that…

VII.

The author arrives at the following conclusions…

Or

To sum up In conclusion

I’d like to say IV / VI / III

that…

4.7. Составление отчета What is a report?

 A report is a document that presents information about an issue or in­vestigation concisely and impersonally, in a clearly structured format.

 Reports are usually written in an objective, formal style. This means you should avoid using more informal language, such as slang or colloqui­alism, or constructions. You should structure your language carefully, us­ing complete sentences and paragraphs. However, sometimes a more per­sonal and less formal style may be acceptable.

 As a rule a report has four parts: title, introduction, main section (or summary) and conclusion.

 The title contains such information as “to”, “from” and subject.

 The introduction should tell the reader the purpose of the report and what the report should cover.

 The main section is the largest section and contains most of your in­formation. In it, you will present your research findings to the reader. You need to organize the information into smaller subsections, and give these sections a heading. Make sure the information flows logically from one section to the next.

 As for conclusion, you must not introduce any new information here. You should pull together the main points of the report in a brief summary, and emphasize the most significant points. You should link your conclu­sion back to the purpose of the report and give your recommendations. Your recommendations must flow logically from your conclusions. Rec­ommendations can be listed and numbered.

Task 1. Read the following report. Name the good points and the weak points of this report and discuss.

Report

To: visitors of our area.

From: (candidate’s name).

Subject: shopping facilities and nice shops.

Purpose of report: I’m writing to you in order to give you information about the shopping facilities in our town. I would also like to give you my recommendations about good shops.

Shops.

It is true that in our town there are many shops. Referring to people who do not want many things, they could go to shops in the centre of our town. There we provide a) clothing, b) things that you want to use for your house, c) personal objects, d) souvenirs and it is true that all of them are in reasonable prices. There are also some bargains on casual clothes.

Department Stores.

On the other hand people who want more than common things, can go to our central department store where there is provided a) sports equip­ment, b) expensive souvenirs, c) clothes of good quality, d) special gifts (presents) and everything you would like. However you must afford the cost.

Conclusion.

I believe that the stores which are for all tasters including expensive and cheap things are: our central department store (has everything) and the sports centre which has clothes and everything which has to do with sport. For souvenirs you can go to Mr Johnson’s store as it has cheap objects and nice postcards.

Task 2. The local tourist office has asked you to write a report on inter­esting things for visitors to see and to do on a one day sightseeing tour of your area. In your report include suggestions about where visitor should go and what they should do in order to spend an interesting day in your area.

You may use the following phrases:

 for introduction: “The purpose / aim of this report is to…”; “The re­port consists of the results of…”; “As requested…”;

 for main section: “However...”; “Nevertheless…”; “On the other hand…”; “At the same time…”; “In contrast…”; “Despite the fact…”; “While…”; “It may seem…”; “Apparently…” etc.;

 for conclusion: “In conclusion…”; “It is recommended that…”; “On the whole…”; “It is advisable that…”; “To sum up…” etc.

Учебное издание

АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

Практическое пособие для студентов I—II курсов

Составители

Сечкина Мунира Каратаевна, Трегубенко Виктория Валерьевна

Корректор Е. В. Дворнякова

Оригинал-макет подготовлен О. М. Хрусталевой

Подписано в печать 10.04.2012 г.

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