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пособие ENGLISH ON ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT.doc
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Writing

16. Answer the following questions:

    1. What is the discipline dealing with managing processes in R&D and innovation?

    2. What kind of innovations does innovation management help to develop?

    3. What kind of tools does innovation management include?

    4. What is the basic focus of innovation management?

    5. What is the use of organization creative efforts?

    6. What is a pushed process based on?

    7. What solutions does an organization try to find under a pulled process?

    8. What problems is it necessary to understand to succeed with pushed or pulled process?

    9. What teams are able to solve both market and technical problems?

    10. Why is the time to market reduced?

    11. Why is the development time decreased?

    12. Could the quality be sacrificed?

    13. What are the common tools of innovation management?

17. Complete the sentences.

1. Innovation management can be used to develop both product … . 2. Managers and engineers within the organization have to cooperate with a common … . 3. To allow the organization to response to external or internal opportunity is … . 4. Innovation processes can either be … . 5. A pushed process tries to … to use existing technology. 6. A pulled process focuses development efforts to find solutions to … needs, which are not met. 7. An understanding of both the market and the technical problems is needed in order to succeed with … . 8. Product lifecycle management is a common tool of … .

18. Compose sentences using the following word combinations:

to be the discipline, can be used, without proper processes, common understanding, to response to, creative efforts, to be based on, to have access to, to focus efforts, to succeed with, to reduce the time, without sacrificing.

  1. Put questions to the sentences. Try not to repeat the questions from ex. 16.

1. The processes of management in R&D and innovation are called innovation management. 2. Innovation management is applied to product and organizational innovation. 3. Without innovation management R&D can`t be efficient. 4. Managers and engineers within an organization cooperate with the help of management innovation tools. 5. Innovation management allows the organization to response to any business opportunity.

20. Write a summary of the text. Speaking

21. Work with your partner and compose a dialogue. Use the following flow chart to make a talk.

22. Look through the short passage given below and make up a dialogue trying to develop the idea.

There are several sources of innovation. In the linear model of innovation the traditionally recognized source is manufacturer innovation. This is where an agent (person or business) innovates in order to sell the innovation. Another source of innovation, only now becoming widely recognized, is end-user innovation. This is where an agent (person or company) develops an innovation for their own (personal or in-house) use because existing products do not meet their needs. Eric von Hippel has identified end-user innovation as, by far, the most important and critical in his classic book on the subject, Sources of Innovation.