I.18 a) Translate the following into Russian, mind the prefixes.

1. Oxygen combines directly with nearly all elements. 3. Polythene cables have their advantages and disadvantages. 4. Semiconductors conduct electricity less efficiently than metals. 5. What resistance materials are in common use today? 6. Plastic proved to be underestimated as insulating materials at last. 7. What is the difference between conductor, non-conductor, semiconductor and superconductor? 8. The importance of semiconductors for modern science cannot be underestimated. 9. The method proved to be inefficient. 10. have you failed your first exam? Than you should ask the permission to re-sit it.

b) Make up your own sentences using the words from the tables.

6. Prefixes of numbers

Prefix fill in the blanks:

Meaning (русское соответствие)

Examples (root), exceptions translate:

mono- homo- one- uni- [ju:nɪ] single-

1 (моно-, одно-, гомо-, уни-)

monochromatic monotonous monopolize monochrome monophonic monopolize monolingual / монорельс (rail) one-handed one-armed one-sided one-way one-colour homogeneity homonym homophone uniformity unilateral unilingual uniform single-stage

bi- [baɪ] [bɪ] du- / di- / doubl(e) twin / two-

2 (би-, ду-, ди-, дву(х), дво-)

binary billion bi-weekly bisection bi-yearly bilingualism / двучленный (nominal), dual duality duplicate disyllabic doubloon double-dealer double-sided twin-set twinaxial1 two-wheeled twin-engined two-coloured fortnightly

tri- [traɪ] ter- three-

3 (три-, тре(х)-)

triangle tricycle triad triennial trilateral trillion triangular tercentenary three-cornered three-wheeled three-dimensional

four- quad(r)-quadri- quater- tetra-

4 (ква(д)р-, четыре(х)-)

four-part four-year fourfold fourscore foursome quadruped quadruple quadrilateral quadratic quadrangle quatercentenary tetrahedron tetrameter

five- pent(a)- quin(t)-

5 (пяти-, пента-, квинт-)

five-pointed pentagon pentagonal pentacle pentathlete Pentium quintuple quintuplet quintet(te) quintal quincentenary

six- hexa-

6 (шести-, гекза-, гекса-)

six-year hexadecimal hexagon hexahedron

seven-sept(em)-hepta-

7(семи-)

seven-year septennial septuple septennial heptagon

eight- oct-

8 (восьми-, окт-)

eight-year octahedron octad octal octagon October octogenarian octopus

nine-

9 (девяти-)

nine-year ninthly

ten- deca/i-

10 (десяти-, деци-, дека-)

ten-year ten-rouble decagon decennial decimal decibel deciton decigram(me) decathlete decade

hecto-

100 (гект(о)-)

hectolitre hectare

mille-

thousand (милле-)

millenary millennium millepede

kilo-

thousand (кило-)

kilobyte kilovolt kilowatt kilobaud kiloword

mega-

million (мега-)

megabyte megahertz megaflop megaprogramming

giga-[gaɪgə] / [gɪgə]/ [ʤɪgə] /[ʤaɪgə]

billion (гига-)

gigabyte gigabit gigacycle gigacycle per second gigaflops gigahertz

tera-

trillion, 240 (тера, триллион)

terabyte teracycle terahertz

centi-

1/100th (санти-)

centimetre centigrade centilitre

milli-

0,001 one thousandth (милли-)

milligram(me) millimetre milliard mill

pico-

one trillionth (пико-)

picosecond picofarad

nano-

one billionth (нано-)

nanometer nanosecond

femto

one quadrillionth (фемто-)

femtosecond

multi- [mʌltɪ]

many (мульти-, много-)

multiplexor multiform multilingual

hetero- [het(ə)rə(ʊ)]

many, not, different (гетеро-, не-, разно-)

heterodyne heterogeneous heterogeneity heterogeneous-element processor

NB (please, note): twinaxial - A type of cable similar to coax, but with two inner conductors instead of one. It is used in IBM midrange (AS/400, System/3x) communications environments. Trillion - (10¹⁸) квинтильон; (US, 10¹²) триллион. Centimeter - A unit of measurement that is 1/100th of a meter or approximately 4/10ths of an inch (0.39 inch). million - One thousand times one thousand or 10 to the 6^th power.

kilo - Thousand. Abbreviated "K." It often refers to the precise value 1,024 since computer specifications are usually binary numbers. For example, 64K means 65,536 bytes when referring to memory or storage (64x1024), but a 64K salary means $64,000. The IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) uses "K" for 1,024, and "k" for 1,000. Kilobyte - One thousand bytes. Also KB, Kbyte and K-byte.

mega - (1) Million. Abreviated "M." It often refers to the precise value 1,048,576 since computer specifications are usually binary numbers; MHz – MegaHertZ, megahertz - one million cycles per second. It is used to measure the transmission speed of electronic devices, including channels, buses and the computer's internal clock. Megahertz is generally equivalent to one million bits per second or to one million times some number of bits per second.

giga - Billion. Abbreviated “G”. It often refers to the precise value 1,073,741,824 since computer specifications are usually binary numbers; gigabit - One billion bits. Also Gb, Gbit and G-bit; gigabyte - One billion bytes. Also GB, Gbyte and G-byte computer specifications are usually binary numbers.

Pico - One trillionth or 10 to the -12th power. Picosecond - One trillionth of a second.

nano - One billionth or 10 to the -9th power. Nanosecond - One billionth of a second. Used to measure the speed of logic and memory chips, a nanosecond can be visualized by converting it to distance. In one nanosecond, electricity travels about six inches in a wire. Even at 186,000 miles per second, electricity is never fast enough for the hardware designer who worries over a few inches of circuit path. The slightest delay is multiplied millions of times, since millions of pulses are sent through a wire in a single second. Nanotechnology - A future science that builds devices at the atomic and molecular level. For example, a bit might be represented by only one atom some time in the future. Nanotechnology could be used to build anything, not just computers and communications devices. Femto - One quadrillionth or 10 to the -15th power. Femtosecond - One quadrillionth of a second.