- •Затверджено Методичною радою нтуу “кпі”
- •Module 1 text a
- •1. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •9. Put the questions to the underlined words.
- •10. Communicative situations:
- •11. Summarize and retell the text. Text b welding: introduction
- •1. Learn the new words and word combinations:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Answer the following questions:
- •4. Are the following statements about the text true or false? Why?
- •5. Complete the following sentences:
- •6. Find in the text the English equivalents of the following word combinations.
- •7. Chose the correct definition to the word:
- •8. Fill in the gaps with proper prepositions.
- •9. Put the questions to the underline words or word combinations.
- •10. Communicative situations:
- •11. Make up a summary of the text and use it to retell the text. Text c bending, projection, shearing, staking
- •Exercises
- •1. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Answer the following questions:
- •4. Translate from Ukrainian into English.
- •5. Combine the following words to get proper terms:
- •6. Make the nouns from the verbs:
- •7. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form.
- •8. Fill in the gaps with the proper prepositions.
- •9. Complete the following sentences:
- •Self-assessment module 1
- •4. Give the English equivalents of the words:
- •6. Choose the topic and prepare your mini-presentation:
- •Module 2 text a systems of automatic control of arc welding
- •Exercises
- •1. Learn the following words and word-combinations:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Answer the following questions:
- •4. Are the following statements about the text true or false? Why?
- •5. Complete the following sentences choosing the right word in brackets.
- •6. Put the following words in the correct order.
- •7. Put questions to the following answers:
- •8. Find the English equivalents of the following words:
- •9. Find in the text the sentences with Passive Voice.
- •10. Retell the text. Text b electro-slag welding
- •Exercises
- •1. Learn the new words and word combinations:
- •Text c ultrasonic welding
- •Exercises
- •6. Put all possible questions to the following sentences:
- •Self-assessment module 2
- •2.Give the Ukrainian equivalents of the following words and word-combinations:
- •3. Are the following statements true or false?
- •4. Give the definitions to the following words:
- •5. Make up your own sentences using the following words and word combinations:
- •6. Choose the topic and prepare your mini-presentation:
- •Module 3 text a friction stir welding (fsw) of aluminium alloys
- •Exercises
- •1. Learn new words and word combinations:
- •10. Complete the questions on the text.
- •11. Communicative situations:
- •12. Retell the text. Text b plasma
- •Exercises
- •5. Continue the following sentences:
- •6. Fill in the gaps using the following words and word-combinations:
- •7. Find in the text the sentences with Passive Voice.
- •8. Make 10 questions to the text.
- •9. Choose the correct verb form in the following sentences:
- •10. Retell the text. Text c laser welding
- •Exercises
- •1. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Answer the following questions:
- •4. Decide, whether the statements below are true or false. Why?
- •5. Put all possible questions to the sentences.
- •6. Choose the correct definition to the word:
- •7. Fill in the gaps with a proper article.
- •Self-assessment module 3
- •2. Make the verbs from the nouns:
- •3. Give the definitions to the following words:
- •4. Are the following statements true or false?
- •5. Give the Ukrainian equivalents of the words:
- •6. Choose the topic and prepare your mini-presentation:
- •Module 4 text a some aspects of corrosion of high-alloy steel
- •Exercises
- •1. Learn the following words and word-combinations:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Answer the following questions:
- •4. Are the following statements about the text true of false? Why?
- •5. Fill in the gaps using the following words and word-combinations:
- •6. Put all possible questions to the following sentences:
- •7. Complete the following sentences from the text:
- •8. Put the following verbs in the correct form.
- •9. Find in the text the sentences with the modal verbs. Explain them.
- •10. Put ten questions to the text.
- •11. Retell the text. Text b electric welding of soft tissues in surgery
- •Exercises
- •1. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Answer the following questions:
- •4. Combine the following words to receive proper terms:
- •5. Insert the following preposition (in-5,with-2, on-1, by-2, of-4, for-2).
- •6. Give three forms of comparison of the following adjectives:
- •7. Translate from Ukrainian into English.
- •8. Put the verbs in brackets in a proper form.
- •9. Complete the questions on the text.
- •10. Communicative situations:
- •11. Retell the text. Text c thermit welding
- •Exercises
- •1. Learn the following words and word-combinations:
- •2. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Answer the following questions:
- •4. Are the following statements about the text true or false? Why?
- •5. Fill in the gaps using the following words and word-combinations:
- •6. Translate into Ukrainian paying attention to the Participles.
- •Self-assessment module 4
- •2. Give the English equivalents of the following words and word-combinations:
- •3. Are the following statements true or false?
- •4. Read the text. Comment on the advantages and disadvantages of the floating welded mega-structures.
- •5. Choose the topic and prepare your mini-presentation:
- •Appendix
- •2. English proverbs and sayings.
- •Content
10. Communicative situations:
Make up a dialogue between the professor and the student on the topic “History of Welding”.
Make a report on the topic “ The newest processes in modern welding.”
11. Summarize and retell the text. Text b welding: introduction
Welding, in engineering, is any process in which two or more pieces of metal are joined together by the application of heat, pressure, or a combination of both. Most of the processes may be grouped into two main categories: pressure welding, in which the weld is achieved by pressure; and heat welding, in which the weld is achieved by heat. Heat welding is the most common welding process used today. Brazing and soldering are other means of joining metals.
With the development of new techniques during the first half of the 20th century, welding replaced bolting and riveting in the construction of many types of structures, including bridges, buildings, and ships. It is also a basic process in the automotive and aircraft industries and in the manufacture of machinery. Along with soldering and brazing, it is essential in the production of virtually every manufactured product involving metals.
The welding process best suited to joining two pieces of metal depends on the physical properties of the metals, the specific use to which they are applied, and the production facilities available.
Welding processes are generally classified according to the sources of heat and pressure used.
The original pressure process was forge welding. Forge welding was practiced for centuries by blacksmiths and other artisans. The metals are brought to a suitable temperature in a furnace, and the weld is achieved by hammering or other mechanical pressure. Forge welding is used rarely in modern manufacturing.
The welding processes most commonly employed today include gas welding, arc welding, and resistance welding. Other joining processes include thermit welding, laser welding, and electron-beam welding.
Gas welding is a non-pressure process using heat from a gas flame. The flame is applied directly to the metal edges to be joined and simultaneously to a filler metal in wire or rod form, called the welding rod, which is melted to the joint. Gas welding has the advantage of involving equipment that is portable and does not require an electric power source. The surfaces to be welded and the welding rod are coated with flux, a fusible material that shields the material from air, which would result in a defective weld.
Arc-welding processes, which have become the most important welding processes, particularly for joining steels, require a continuous supply of either direct or alternating electrical current. This current is used to create an electric arc, which generates enough heat to melt metal and create a weld.
Arc welding has several advantages over other welding methods. Arc welding is faster because of its high heat concentration, which also tends to reduce distortion in the weld. Also, in certain methods of arc welding, fluxes are not necessary. The most widely used arc-welding processes are shielded metal arc, gas-tungsten arc, gas-metal arc, and submerged arc.
In shielded metal-arc welding, a metallic electrode, which conducts electricity, is coated with flux and connected to a source of electric current. The metal to be welded is connected to the other end of the same source of current. By touching the tip of the electrode to the metal and then drawing it away, an electric arc is formed. The intense heat of the arc melts both parts to be welded and the point of the metal electrode, which supplies filler metal for the weld. This process, developed in the early 20th century, is used primarily for welding steels.
In gas-tungsten arc welding, a tungsten electrode is used in place of the metal electrode used in shielded metal-arc welding. A chemically inert gas, such as argon or helium, is used to shield the metal from oxidation. The heat from the arc formed between the electrode and the metal melts the edges of the metal. Metal for the weld may be added by placing a bare wire in the arc or the point of the weld. This process can be used with nearly all metals and produces a high-quality weld. However, the rate of welding is considerably slower than in other processes.
In gas-metal welding, a bare electrode is shielded from the air by surrounding it with argon or carbon dioxide gas or by coating the electrode with flux. The electrode is fed into the electric arc, and melts off in droplets to enter the liquid metal that forms the weld. Most common metals can be joined by this process.
Submerged-arc welding is similar to gas-metal arc welding, but in this process no gas is used to shield the weld. Instead, the arc and tip of the wire are submerged beneath a layer of granular, fusible material formulated to produce a proper weld. This process is very efficient but is generally only used with steels.
In resistance welding, heat is obtained from the resistance of metal to the flow of an electric current. Electrodes are clamped on each side of the parts to be welded, the parts are subjected to great pressure, and a heavy current is applied briefly. The point where the two metals meet creates resistance to the flow of current.
This resistance causes heat, which melts the metals and creates the weld. Resistance welding is extensively employed in many fields of sheet metal or wire manufacturing and is particularly adaptable to repetitive welds made by automatic or semiautomatic machines.
Exercises