Введение

Данное пособие предназначено для студентов старших курсов технологического факультета, обучающихся по специальности 260302.65 "Технология рыбы и рыбных продуктов". Пособие составлено в соответствии с требованиями программы по английскому языку и государственного стандарта данной специальности.

Цель пособия состоит в формировании и совершенствовании навыков и умений чтения, перевода, говорения и письма на основе работы с тематическими текстами по будущей специальности.

Пособие состоит из введения, трех частей и 15 разделов. Каждый раздел включает в себя основной текст, дотекстовые и послетекстовые упражнения, предназначенные для активизации лексического материала и дополнительные тексты, работа с которыми способствует формированию навыков поискового или ознакомительного чтения и перевода. Тексты пособия взяты из оригинальных источников, а также на сайтах Интернета.

Part 1. History and present day of fish industry unit 1. Fishing industry text 1

Exercise 1. a) Read and translate international words without a dictionary:

port, to cooperate, operation, ocean, modern, crab, apparatus, horizontal, vertical, unlimited, position, active, course, accurate, echo, trawler.

b) Check if you remember the meaning of these words:

fish, enterprise, source, market, branch, fleet, ship, boat, pond, shore, target.

c) Read and translate the following word combinations:

the fishing industry, inland waters, the sea fishing fleet, pre-revolutionary Russia, national economy, rapid development, international level, radio-electronic instruments, the accurate position, fishing and catching of various marine animals, to deliver finished products to the ports, ship-to-ship and ship-to-shore contacts, the biggest flotilla, echo-sounders, ships for research work and prospecting, surface fish.

Exercise 2. Read and memorize the words from the text below:

possess, v	владеть, иметь, обладать
vast, adj	огромный, обширный, громадный
enormous, adj	громадный, гигантский
shellfish, n	моллюск, ракообразное
crustacean, n	ракообразное
mammal, n	млекопитающее
seaweed, n	морская водоросль
species, n	вид
inhabit, v	жить, обитать, населять
exterminate, v	искоренять, истреблять
stock, n	запас
detect, v	замечать, обнаруживать
plunder, n	разорение, разграбление
shoal, n	стая, косяк (рыбы)
density, n	густота, плотность
conduct, v	руководить, управлять

Exercise 3. Read and translate the text.

The fishing industry of Russia

Our country possesses vast marine fields populated by enormous stocks of fish, shellfish, crustacea, aquatic mammals and various seaweeds. Over 310 species of fish inhabit our inland waters (rivers, lakes, and ponds) and the seas washing the shores of Russia.

The fishing industry in the pre-revolutionary Russia was one of the most backward branches of its national economy. The sea fishing fleet was almost unknown, particularly in the Far-Eastern waters where all kinds of foreign predatory ships ploughed our inshore waters plundering sea riches and exterminating the stock of sea mammals, especially fur seals.

Nowadays the fishing industry of our country is getting its rapid development. No doubt that our fishing industry ranks with the most advanced one in the world. The Russian fishing industry has a powerful fleet with an unlimited range of operation. It has ships for research work and prospecting, life boats and other auxiliaries. It has the biggest flotilla in the world of large size refrigerator trawlers. These are unique floating factories. They deliver finished products to the ports, and this increases the profitability of the operation considerably.

The modern fishing ships are equipped with radio-electronic instruments, which enable boats to keep strictly to the desired course, detect shoals of fish and maintain ship-to-ship and ship-to-shore contacts.

The search equipment developed with the use of echo-sounders is widely used to deject deep-sea and surface fish, whales and crabs, and to control the operation of trawl nets. Our fishing fleet has the apparatus for horizontal and vertical prospecting, which gives the accurate position and density of fish shoals.

Our country conducts active fishing and catching of various marine animals in different parts of the world ocean. In this connection it cooperates on an international level with other countries.

Notes on the text

1. range of operation – район лова;

2. prospecting – перспективная разведка;

3. life boat – спасательное судно;

4. auxiliaries – вспомогательные суда;

5. to keep strictly to the desired course – придерживаться строго намеченного курса;

6. ship-to-ship and ship-to-shore contacts – связь судна с судном и связь судна с берегом;

7. varied depth target trawling – разноглубинное траление;

8. ocean-faring fishing fleet – океанский рыболовный флот.

Exercise 4. Read and translate the following words:

power – powerful; duty – dutiful; master – masterful; use – useful; doubt – doubtful.

Exercise 5. Answer the following questions:

1. How many species of fish inhabit our inland waters and the seas washing the shores of our country?

2. Was the fishing industry of the tzarist Russia advanced among that of other countries?

3. When did the fishing industry of our country get its rapid development?

4. What special ships is the fishing industry equipped with?

5. In what way did the floating factories increase the profitability of the fishing operations?

6. What instruments are modern fishing ships supplied with?

7. Why does our country cooperate with other countries catching fish and other marine animals?

8. Do we catch fish and other sea animals only in our inshore waters?

Exercise 6. Give synonyms to the following words:

marine, enormous, stock, aquatic, various, ship, factory, detect, forecast, cooperate, vast, powerful, predatory, op­eration.

Exercise 7. Fill in the blanks with prepositions from, of, to, in, on:

1. The processing ... marine products was not mechanized ... tzarist Russia.

2. Fishing industry is one ... the main branches ... national economy.

3. Instead ... primitive small fisheries mighty fishing industry arose.

4. The trawler has come ... Arkhangelsk.

5. ... 2009 the trawling fleet ... Murmansk broke world records ... fishing.

6. ... the tenth ... August the crab factory ship Mir will sail ... Petropavlovsk ... Nakhodka.

Exercise 8. Translate into English.

1. Ракообразные и моллюски стали объектом морского промысла в нашей стране.

2. В последнее время большое внимание уделяется прудовому и озерному рыболовству.

3. Большинство рыболовных судов оснащено радиоэлектронным оборудованием.

4. Работу траловых сетей контролируют эхолотом и другими электронными приборами.

5. Сотрудничество наших специалистов рыбной промышленности со специалистами рыбной промышленности других стран весьма плодотворно.

TEXT 2

Exercise 1. a) Read and translate international words without a dictionary:

antipode, mobile, a figure, illustrate, million, expedition, institute, oceanology, metre, relief, monotonous, phenomenon, transportation, organism, decade, to double, globe.

b) Read the geographical names and check if you remember the translation of them:

the Earth, the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the Arctic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, the Bering Sea, the Okhotsk Sea, the Sea of Japan, the Black Sea, the Filippine Abyss, the Kuril-Kamchatka Abyss, the Caribbean Sea.

c) Read and translate the following word combinations:

the average depth, to be divided into four parts, the absence of destruction, the total stock of fish in the ocean, may be doubled.

Exercise 2. Read and memorize the words from the text below:

equal, adj	равный, одинаковый
explore, v	исследовать, изучать
ascertain, v	выяснять, устанавливать
bottom, n	дно
abyss, n	бездна, впадина
surface, n	поверхность
destruction, n	разрушение
eternal, adj	вечный
deposition, n	отложение
smooth out, v	сглаживать
barren, adj	бесплодный

Exercise 3. Read and translate the text.