- •260302.65 "Технология рыбы и рыбных продуктов"
- •Оглавление
- •Введение
- •Part 1. History and present day of fish industry unit 1. Fishing industry text 1
- •The fishing industry of Russia
- •The Ocean
- •The composition of sea water
- •A) Blue fields of Russia
- •B) Russian seafood supply
- •The protection and regeneration of fish stocks and the regulation of fishing: Problems and solutions
- •Unit 2. Fish industry in the murmansk region text 1
- •Fish processing enterprises of the Murmansk region and the perspectives of their assortment's widening
- •Northern Fish-Producers Union (nfpu)
- •"Protein"
- •Unit 3. My speciality is a technologist
- •My speciality is a technologist
- •Supplementary texts for reading text 1
- •The Saami and their traditional trades
- •A good climate for fishing in the North
- •Small business in the fishing industry
- •Ten years of growth for Murmansk value-added processor
- •Fish farms: Underwater factories. Problems of the industry
- •Part 2. Fish and fish products unit 1. Fish for human consumption
- •Fish as a food
- •Fish for human consumption
- •Average composition of fish
- •Unit 2. Chemical composition of fish
- •Chemical composition of fish
- •Unit 3. Physical properties of fish text 1
- •Physical properties of fish
- •Body structure of fish
- •Unit 4. Commercial fishing and commercial species of fish text 1
- •Commercial fishing
- •Some important commercial fishes
- •Characteristics of fish as raw material for industry
- •Appendix
- •Part 3. Fish processing unit 1. Chilling and freezing text 1
- •Fishing vessel refrigeration
- •Replacing ozone-depleting refrigerants
- •Ice & refrigeration
- •Ice Dispenser
- •Slurry-Ice: An opportunity in quality improvement
- •Unit 2. Salting text 1
- •Principles of fish salting
- •Producers strive for quality
- •Unit 3. Drying and smoking text 1
- •Drying and smoking processes
- •Smoked fish
- •Smoking fish at home
- •Unit 4. Canning text 1
- •Canning of fish
- •Modernisation of ship's can production line
- •Unit 5. Marinating text 1
- •Marinade depositor "ups sales"
- •Unit 6. By-products text 1
- •Fish oil and its supplements
- •Unit 7. Environmental management text 1
- •Environmental policy
- •Environment: For troubled fishing industry, less is more
- •Ecological problems
- •Литература
Small business in the fishing industry
Vladimir GORSHECHNIKOV,
President of the Fishery Industrial Association
The development program of the Russian Fishery Industrial Association (RFIA) calls for the catch, processing and sale of seafood (including canned seafood) to be increased by a factor of 1.8 between 1995 and 2010. Receipts should increase by a factor of 1.9 in the same period. Between 1996 and 2010, $215 million should be invested in stock and equipment, of which $160 million should go to the fishing fleet.
The Russian Fishing Industry Association (RFIA), a private-sector organization active in our country, has assisted in the development of small business in the fishing industry. Forced like the rest of the economy to move toward a free market system, the region experienced the rapid formation of new corporate structures with differing mixes of state and private ownership. Over 1,000 such enterprises and organizations exist today.
Instability was rampant, but the newly-minted businessmen were desperate to work and live like normal people. They quickly saw that their only hope lay in setting up an organization capable of solving the host of problems besetting them.
The founding conference of the RFIA was held in March 2009. Three months later the Association was officially registered. It was based on the TINAR research and production firm, which specialized in adapting technology to the needs of the industry. This concept was central to the work of the Association.
Originally comprising 36 members, the SFIA now includes 111 private, semi-private, and state-owned firms representing small and medium-sized business in the Sakhalin oblast.
The RFIA is recognized by all levels of government. The State Fisheries Committee has provided invaluable support.
As president of the SFIA, I am a member of the Fishing Council of the Sakhalin oblast. The Council makes recommendations on quotas for dividing the catch among fishing enterprises. I am also co-chairman of the governor's board of directors, which oversees fishing in the Sakhalin oblast.
We see clearly that small and medium-sized business could play a key economic role in the Sakhalin fishing industry as it moves to a market-based system. To raise the effectiveness of small business, two problems must be solved. First, the bulk of activity in the industry must to be shifted from commerce to production. Second, the state needs to provide real support for business.
This support should take the form, first and foremost, of a legislative framework within which all types of business may take root and flourish without hindrance. Other necessary measures include assistance in the development of a market infrastructure (wholesale markets, retail outlets, exchanges), and a financial infrastructure (banks, insurance companies, investment funds, etc.) aimed at small and medium-sized business. Also important are the implementation of more favorable policies on taxation, lending, and price control.
But these goals cannot be realized without a reorganization of the national fisheries management system. Restoring relations does not mean recreating the old system, but shifting to a qualitatively new structure, namely a system where decisions affecting the industry are worked out and implemented with the help of the SFIA. This will require the creation and development of adequate market relations in every aspect of the industry: legislative and legal bases; domestic and foreign trade, including futures operations; finance, including lending and mortgaging; securities; equipment and technology; entrepreneurial support; social development; and personnel.
Exercise 2. Answer the following questions:
What is the sphere of activities of the Russian Fishing Industry Association?
How many fishing organizations of small business exist nowadays in our region?
What role can play small and medium-sized business?
What support for small business is provided by the Association?
Why should the reorganization of the whole system be done?
TEXT 4
Exercise 1. Read and translate the text with the help of a dictionary.