Времена глаголов в действительном залоге

	Present	Past	Future
Indefinite	V/Vs I write letters to my mother every day. (He writes) Регулярное действие в рамках настоящего (usually, seldom, often, sometimes, always, every day, every week).	V-ed / V2 I wrote 2 letters yesterday. I called him yesterday. Действие совершено в прошлом, время указано (yesterday, last year, last month, last week, 2 days ago).	Will(shall) + V I shall (will) write it tomorrow. He will call me next week. Действие будет совершено когда-то в будущем (tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 2 days).
Continuous	Am (is, are) + V-ing I am writing a letter now. Действие происходит в данный момент (now, at this moment, at present).	Was(were) + V-ing I was writing a letter when you called. We were writing a test at 5 yesterday. Действие совершалось в определенный момент в прошлом (по контексту или указан).	Will (shall) be + V-ing Don’t call me after dinner. I shall (will) be writing letters then. Действие будет совершаться в определенный момент в будущем.
Perfect	Have (has) + V-ed / V3 I have already written 5 letters. She has just called me. Действие совершено к данному моменту; важен результат совершения действия, а не когда и где оно совершено (just, already, yet, ever, never, lately).	Had + V-ed / V3 I had written 5 letters by the time you came. He had finished his work by 6 o’clock yesterday. Действие совершено к определенному моменту в прошлом.	Will (shall) have + V-ed / V3 I am busy with the letters now but I think I shall (will) have written them by noon. Действие будет закончено к определенному моменту в будущем.

What a FUCK

What a FUCK	What a FUCK	What a FUCK
I walk He She walks It We You walk They	Do I walk? he Does she walk? it we Do you walk? they	I do not walk (don’t) He does not She walk It (doesn’t) We do not You walk They
What a FUCK

They play football every day. – Они играют в футбол каждый день.

Kate usually goes to school by bus. – Кейт обычно ездит в школу на автобусе.

Do they play football every day? - Does Kate usually go to school by bus?

They do not play football every day. – Kate does not usually go to school by bus.

Ex.1. Определите в каком лице и числе стоят глаголы.

He studies; they live; my friend reads; the student learn; his sister doesn’t write; Nick translates; do you know?

Ex.2. Проспрягайте следующие глаголы:

to live, to read, to write, to translate, to ask, to learn, to answer.

Ex.3. Употребите вспомогательный глагол do или does.

1. … you live in Moscow? 2. … Pete work in militia? 3. … they know about it? 4. … your sister go to school? 5. … you read newspapers? 6. … your friend study in your group? 7. … the students translate texts? 8. … you do many exercises? 9. … your mother work? 10. … your group learn English? 11. … your friend help you?

Ex.4. Поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицатель-

ную форму.

1. Her sister studies at an Institute. 2. My mother usually comes home at 6 o’clock. 3. We often go to school together. 4. Tom and Nick play football very well. 5. His brother finishes his work at 6 o’clock. 6. I meet Jane every day. 7. They usually spend their holidays in the Caucasus. 8. His friend lives in Paris. 9. I get up late on Sundays.

Ex.5. Измените высказывание, как показано в образце.

Model: They live in a large flat. Tom … - Tom lives in a large flat.

1. I keep my files on that shelf. My colleague … 2.I get up at seven. Jim … 3.My sons go to a music school. His daughter … 4.I teach Spanish. Alex … 5.They do such work in the office. My assistant … 6.I often say that. He … 7.They call us sometimes. She … 8.I go to college on the sixteen bus. Ann … 9.They live next door to us. He …

Ex.6. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Indefinite.

1. He (speak) to us every morning. 2. He often (write) to us. 3. They seldom (eat) any oranges. 4. Mr. Smith always (pay) his bills? 5. It (rain) every week. 6. They often (send) us parcels. 7. We always (meet) him on Mondays. 8. They always (have) eggs for breakfast. 9. They seldom (go) to the movies? 10. He often (ask) me to dinner. 11. They often (not come) here. 12. I (not play) football.

Ex.7. a) Прочитайте текст и переведите его.

b) Расскажите о Майкле. Начните так: His name is Michael. He lives …

My name is Michael. I live in London. I’m a student – I study medicine at a medical school. I get up at seven, have some coffee and toast, say good-bye to my Mum and go to the bus stop. I take a fifteen bus and get to college in good time (заблаговременно). Classes begin at nine and finish at four. I have lunch at college and stay till half past four. I get back home at five and then, on Tuesdays and Saturdays, I go to the park to play tennis. I go to bed at eleven.

Ex.8. Составьте предложения по образцам.

Model 1: My mother cooks well. – Who cooks well?

1. My friends study at the university. 2. They work at a firm. 3. She never eats chocolate. 4. He doesn’t live with his parents. 5. I never miss classes. 6. Sometimes her father spends a whole night at work, preparing his reports. 7. He knows several foreign languages. 8. Employers need young and energetic employees. 9. My friend’s children usually ask many questions. 10. I love to listen to the latest news on the radio.

Model 2: She speaks English. – She speaks English, doesn’t she?

He doesn’t work here. – He doesn’t work here, does he?

1. She never smokes. 2. They don’t live in the centre of the city. 3. Her husband drives a lorry. 4. His girl doesn’t wear short dresses. 5. You speak Chinese. 6. His children don’t like apples. 7. She starts her work at 9:00. 8. These boys don’t play football. 9. Your aunt often walks in the park. 10. You translate texts regularly.

Ex.9. Составьте предложения, поставив слова в правильном порядке.

1. brothers / a / my / company / work / at / electronics / big

2. go / Academy / they / the / generally / to / bus / by

3. school / him / takes / minutes / to / five / it / get / to

4. hard / English / work / we / our / at

5. likes / she / time / spare / to / when / friend / my / dance / some / has

6. sisters / always / do / so / work / late / your / finish?

7. like / but / meat / vegetables / they / not / do / like

8. students / are / teacher-training / we / of / the / college

9. know / use / do / a / how / you / computer / to?

Ex.10. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя Present Indefinite.

1.После ужина они иногда гуляют. 2. Он редко ходит в театр. 3. Она часто читает вслух (aloud). 4. Мой друг обычно работает здесь. 5. Я иногда хожу работать в библиотеку. 6. Моя сестра иногда читает немецкие журналы. 7. Я редко смотрю телевизор. 8. Мама обычно готовит завтрак для нашей семьи. 9. Я читаю газеты каждый день. 10. Она хорошо играет на пианино. 11. Они не ходят в эту библиотеку. 12. Мой брат играет в теннис. 13. Она не любит кофе с молоком.

What a FUCK

Притяжательный падеж существительных, обозначающих людей и животных, образуется путем добавления к существительному апострофа и окончания (’s). Например: John’s car (машина Джона), the dog’s tail (хвост собаки).

Притяжательный падеж существительных, обозначающих предметы, образуется с помощью предлога of. Например: The pupils of my class (ученики моего класса). The door of the car (дверь машины).

После имен, оканчивающихся на s, ставится (’s). Например: Denis’s wife. Gladys’s job.

К существительным во множественном числе, уже имеющим окончание s, добавляется только апостроф (’). Например: my parents’ car (машина моих родителей), my grandparents’ house (дом моих бабушки и дедушки). Но: the children’s toys (игрушки детей).

Ex.1. Прокомментируйте использование притяжательного падежа в следующих предложениях.

1. After a minute’s silence Doctor Manson said: “Are you Miss Barlow?” 2. Today’s arithmetic lesson is on the addition of proper fractions. 3. They work at Peter and Poplin’s. 4. He was a patient of Doctor Manson’s. 5. Brown had been satisfied with the results of Lyall’s and Foulus’s visit. 6. Peter was the son of a friend of Aunt Anne’s. 7. Their house is at a mile’s distance from here. 8. I will remember that nice smile of your mother’s. 9. I saw him just at your aunt’s. 10. I am not good at other people’s affairs.

Ex.2. Составьте словосочетания по образцу.

Model: friend, Jane – Jane’s friend

1. girl-friend, Nick

2. life, students

3. office, Mike

4. work, manager

5. college, my friends

6. seven green pens, Pete

7. studies, students

8. pens, secretaries

Ex.3. Прочтите и переведите сочетания слов.

a) my friend’s family; this student’s textbook; those judges’ cases;

our friend’s flat; my son’s room; my parents’ street; that boy’s

table; our teacher’s room; this student’s family;

b) город твоего друга; книги его сестер; деньги тех женщин;

жизнь этих людей; дети моего старшего брата; жена этого

мужчины; слова нашего учителя; учебники моих друзей,

мировой прогресс, пятиминутный разговор, мать незнако-

мого человека, чужие дела, друзья Мэри и Джека (общие),

друзья Мэри и друзья Джека, подруга матери Кейт.

Ex.4. Преобразуйте предложения, используя притяжательный падеж существительных.

Model: Mike visited parents of his friend. – Mike visited his friend’s parents.

1. John slipped his hand through the arm of his mother. 2. The books of A. Cronin are very popular in our country. 3. After breakfast he went off to the house of Fleur. 4. A faint smile played round the lips of Miss Barlow. 5. I’d like you to come to the place of my sister. 6. His face is long and white like the face of a clown. 7. The voice of a girl was heard in the distance. 8. He put out his left hand, and took the hand of Kate.

Ex.5.Составьте предложения, используя следующие существительные в притяжательном падеже.

a florist’s, a hairdresser’s, a chemist’s, a butcher’s, a cleaner’s

Ex.6. Переведите предложения на английский язык.

1. Это пальто его жены. 2. Это тетрадь Джона. 3. Квартира моего друга на соседней улице. 4. Это сумка моей тети. 5. Принесите костюм моего брата. 6. Это книга моего коллеги. 7.Отец моей подруги – директор школы. 8. Это гараж нашего соседа. 9. Знаю я эти глупые шутки твоего брата. 10. Хэррис был другом Джерома и Джорджа. 11. Сходи в булочную и купи хлеба. 12. Бетти положила руку на руку Джека.

TEST YOURSELF (1)

1. We … always ready for the lessons.

a) am; b) is; c) are.

2. . He always … at 7 o’clock.

a) is getting; b) has got up; c) gets up

3. Bright … should start school as early as possible.

a) childrens; b) childs; c) children

4. Sam … in London.

a) go; b)going; c)goes

5. They became successful … .

a) businessman; b) businessmans; c) businessmen

6. We are students. These are … books.

a) our; b) us; c) my

7. This is … letter.

a) Jane; b) Janes’; c) Jane’s

8. I … a student.

a) am; b) is; c) are.

9. Mary often speaks to … friends about music.

a) his; b) her; c) it

10. These are … toys.

a) children’; b) childrens’; c) children’s

11. I know … well.

a) him; b)he; c) his

12. … your sister wash the plates?

a) does; b) do; c) did

13. I have got two … .

a) knife; b) knives; c) knifes

14. It … a cat.

a) am; b) is; c) are.

15. … son is ten.

a) they; b) their; c) them