Настоящее завершенное время
(THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE)
Утвердительная форма |
Вопросительная форма |
Отрицательная форма |
We have You broken They
She has It broken |
we Have you broken? they
Has she broken? it |
I We have not You broken They (haven’t)
He has not She broken It (hasn’t) |
Типичные обстоятельства: already, just, yet, ever, never, not yet |
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I
He
I
he
They have already seen this new film. – Они уже посмотрели этот новый фильм.
Have they seen this new film yet?
They have not seen this new film yet.
Ex.1. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Perfect.
1. I (to be) to Paris. 2. I think the director (to leave) the town.3. We (to know) her since she arrived in our city. 4. I (to forget) your name. 5. He (to close) the door? 6. He (to do) it since we left him. 7. They (to leave) Moscow this month? 8. He (not to bring) a lot of French papers. 9. I (to get) a long letter from father this week. 10. He (to write) his name on my book.
Ex.2. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Indefinite или Present Perfect.
I can’t speak about the book. I (not to read) it yet.
Every day I (to wind up) my watch at 7 o’clock in the morning.
It’s Friday. … you (to see) him this week?
Students usually (to buy) books at the House of Books.
It’s a pity, but I (not to buy) this dictionary yet.
As a rule we (to do) many exercises in class.
He (to tell) this joke many times.
Something (to go) wrong with my watch.
I already (to translate) these sentences into French.
They (to have) their English many hours a week.
She (to work) much and usually (to get) many good marks.
We (to buy) a new TV set this year.
Ex.3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Perfect или Past Indefinite.
1. I (to meet) two of my friends today. I (to meet) them on my way to school. 2. A month ago my uncle (to build) a new house in the country. We (to visit) it recently and (to enjoy) ourselves very much. 3. He (to forget) to close the window when he (to leave) the house. 4. He (to write) several letters this week. 5. Where Helen (to go)? I don’t see her here. – She (to go) home an hour ago. 6. When the concert (to begin)? 7. I don’t think I ever (to see) such a beautiful garden as this one. 8. Jack London (to be born) in San Francisco in an extremely poor family. 9. You (to read) many books by Jack London? 10. How careless you are! You (to break) your mother’s favourite cup.
Ex.4. Вставьте предлоги since и for.
1. I haven’t bought a new book … April. 2. We haven’t seen our cousin … ages. 3. His wife has changed a lot … the last time we met. 4. My daughter hasn’t written to me … my birthday. 5. We have lived here … many years. 6. It hasn’t snowed here … six months. 7. Our guests have been sailing … tea-time. 8. We haven’t met … Christmas. 9. We haven’t been in the opera … over a year. 10. I haven’t spoken German … the end of the war. 11. You have kept me waiting … half an hour! 12. It is about two years … we last had news of him. 13. It has been several hours … I had dinner. 14. Nothing has been changed here … the Middle Ages.
Ex.5. Поставьте предложения в Present Perfect и наречия just, yet, already, ever, never в соответствующее место в предложении.
1. I’m closing the door. (just) 2. She’s filling the coffee pot. (already) 3. Are you visiting Mr. Brown? (ever) 4. Are you listening to that record? (yet) 5. No, I’m not listening to it. (yet) 6. Is he finishing his work? (yet) 7. Isn’t he starting to weed the garden? (yet) 8. They’re playing tennis. (never) 9. We’re borrowing Stefan’s dictionary. (already) 10. Is Mr. Brown travelling to Europe? (ever)
Ex.6. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Indefinite и Present Perfect.
1. What … (to happen) to your hair? It’s standing on end! 2. Where … (you, to be) this morning? I rang you up several times before midday. 3. He … (to go) to South America about two months ago. 4. What … (to happen) to you yesterday? 5. I’m a great traveller: I … (to visit) over thirty countries. 6. … (you, to sleep) well last night? 7. I … (to do) enough: now I’m going to have a rest. 8. Many people … (never, to see) snow. 9. Who …(to discover) America? 10. Where … (I, to put) my pen? I had it near me just now.
Ex.7. Задайте вопросы и ответьте на них.
Model: you / ever / to be / to Bolivia?
no / I / never / to be / to Bolivia
but /I to be / to Argentina
Have you ever been to Bolivia?
No, I’ve never been to Bolivia.
But I’ve been to Argentina.
you / ever / to play / cricket?
no / I / never / to play / cricket
but / I / to play / baseball
she / ever / to eat / Indonesian food?
no / she / never / to eat / Indonesian food
but / she / to eat / Thai food
they / ever / to meet / your brother?
no / they / never / to meet / my brother
but / they / to meet / my sister
he / ever / to be / in an aeroplane?
no / he / never / to be / in an aeroplane
but / he / to be / in a helicopter
you / ever / to swim / in the sea
no / I / never / to swim / in the sea
but / I / to swim / in a river
you / ever / to drive/ a train?
no / I / never / to drive / a train
but / I to drive / a car
Ex. 5. Переведите на английский язык, используя глаголы в скобках в Present Perfect или Past Indefinite.
1. Могу я видеть Джона? – Боюсь, что нет. Он уехал в Москву. – Когда он уехал? – Два дня назад. 2. Вы уже сделали это упражнение? – Нет, я перевела только 10 предложений. 3. Вы уже сдали все экзамены? – Нет, мы сдали только два. – Сколько экзаменов вы сдавали в прошлом году? – Пять. 4. Почему Аня такая грустная? – Она поссорилась с Ником. – Боже, сколько раз они ссорились в этом месяце? – Думаю, много раз. 5. Они поженились два года назад и с тех пор очень счастливы. 6. Я принес тебе цветы. Где голубая ваза? – К сожалению, Миша разбил ее. – Неужели? Когда? – В воскресенье он помогал мне убирать квартиру и случайно разбил ее.