Тема 1 Життя в цифровому світі - part 1

1 Прочитайте та вивчіть терміни (усно)

data - the information processed by a computer;

ROM – acronym for read only memory; used for holding instructions which are needed to start up the computer;

RAM - acronym for random access memory; the main electronic memory of a personal computer and is used for storing the programs and data being used;

cache - fast memory which provides extremely fast access for sections of a program and its data;

hard disk drive - a common storage device that reads and writes programs data on metal disks inside a sealed case;

memory - the electronic part of a computer system that is used to hold the instructions and data that are being used by the processor;

clock - the set of electronic circuits used to control the timing of signals and synchronise different parts of a computer system;

processor - the part of a computer that processes the data and controls all the operations in a computer;

barcode – a sequence of vertical parallel lines used to provide computer – readable information on a product so that it can be identified and priced automatically;

flash memory key – a storage device used for reading and writing to electronic chips on a card;

monitor - the main output device used to display the output from a computer on a screen;

keyboard – the main electronic input device that has keys arranged in a similar layout to a typewriter;

mouse – a common cursor control input device used with a graphical user interface;

scanner – an optical input device that uses the reflection of light to copy text or graphics into a computer;

printer – a common output device used for printing the output of a computer on paper;

ATM (automatic teller machine) - provides cash and account information to bank customers on the evidence of a swipe card;

swipe card – a plastic card with a magnetic stripe running across it containing confidential information;

PDA (personal digital assistant) – a small handheld computer providing a variety of tools for organizing work: a calendar, to do list, diary, address list, calculator, etc.;

2 Прочитайте текст, перекладіть його (письмово)

COMPUTER USERS (part 1)

A computer is a device that processes data according to a set of instructions known as a program. The equipment is known as the hardware and the programs and data are the software. A special set of programs, called an operating system, provides an interface for the user and allows applications programs to communicate with the hardware. Common applications programs include word processors for creating and editing texts, spreadsheets for calculating mathematical formulae and databases for storing data in a way that allows the data to be sorted and searched. Anti-virus programs are used to detect and remove viruses (harmful programs that can reproduce themselves and attach themselves to other programs). Some operating systems have graphical (user) interfaces that allow the computer user to select items from menus and to start programs using an input device called a mouse. This is done by pressing a button on the mouse i.e. clicking the mouse. The main device for inputting the data is a typewriter- style keyboard and the output is commonly displayed on a monitor screen that looks like a small television screen.

There is a range of sizes and types of computer. Those designed for use by one person at a time are known as personal computers (PCs) although the term PC is usually only applied to personal computers that are compatible with the standards laid down by the company known as IBM. Personal computers include desktop computers (for use on an office desk) and handheld computers that can be carried around by the user. Electronics can be added to desktop computers by plugging in expansion cards.

3 Доповніть речення відповідними прийменниками (письмово)

List of prepositions: to, into, inside/in, from, between, from, along, across, to, onto, outside, to, from;

1 The CPU is a large chip … the computer. 2. Data always flows … the CPU … the address bus. 3. The CPU can be divided … three parts. 4. Data flows … the CPU and memory. 5. Peripherals are devices … the computer but linked … it. 6. The signal moves … the VDU screen … one side … the other. 7. The CPU puts the address … the address bus. 8. The CPU can fetch data … memory … the data bus.

4 Напишіть речення в Present Passive (письмово)

Згадайте, як утворюється речення в Present Passive:

об’єкт дії + am / is / are + V3 / Ved

підмет присудок

Example: The checkout operator scans the item. – The item is scanned by the checkout operator.

1. The scanner reads the barcode. 2. The scanner converts the barcode into electrical pulses. 3. The scanner sends the pulses to the branch computer. 4. The branch computer searches the stock file for a product matching the barcode EAN. 5. The branch computer records the sale of the product. 6. The branch computer sends the price and description of the product to the EPOS till. 7. The till shows the item and price. 8. The till prints the item and price on the paper receipt.