16. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the types of Conditionals.

1) If air didn't have any weight, then the balloon with compressed air in it would weigh the same as the empty balloon. 2) If gravity didn't exist, then air pressure would not exist. 3) 4) If you were in an aeroplane, the air pressure outside the plane would be much lower. 5) If something went wrong and they bumped into each other and you were between them, you'd get squashed.6) If you squeeze air into a smaller space the air gets hotter. 7) If there's any water around air will try to absorb it. 8) If you squeeze a sponge (compress it) the water will drip out.

17. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the functions of the verb “to have”.

1) Air has all sorts of properties. 2) Because the weight of air varies with pressure and temperature it has to be defined accurately. 3) Standard Volume has been defined as 20 deg C, at 1 bar absolute pressure. 4) A dry sponge doesn't have any water in it. 5) We have demonstrated that by compressing the sponge we have reduced its ability to hold water. 6) Hot air also has the ability to hold more water than cold air.

ACTIVE_VOCABULARY

18. Give Russian equivalents of the following words and phrases. Try to memorize them.

Nouns and noun phrases

exposure	root cause
contaminant	building failure
symptom	mold
dampness	cleanliness

Verbs and verbal phrases

to imply	to persist
to suspect	to precipitate
to establish	to interpret

Adjectives

respiratory	responsible
damp	microbial
sufficient	fungal

READING TASK: Text 2

19. Answer the following question and read the text below to check your answer.

Why is it necessary to define indoor environmental quality?

Indoor Environmental Quality

"Indoor Environmental Quality," as the name implies, simply refers to the quality of the air in an office or other building environments. Workers are often concerned that they have symptoms or health conditions from exposures to contaminants in the buildings where they work. One reason for this concern is that their symptoms often get better when they are not in the building. While research has shown that some respiratory symptoms and illnesses can be associated with damp buildings, it is still unclear what measurements of indoor contaminants show that workers are at risk for disease. In most instances where a worker and his or her physician suspect that the building environment is causing a specific health condition, the information available from medical tests and tests of the environment is not sufficient to establish which contaminants are responsible. Despite uncertainty about what to measure and how to interpret what is measured, research shows that building-related symptoms are associated with building characteristics, including dampness, cleanliness, and ventilation characteristics.

Indoor environments are highly complex and building occupants may be exposed to a variety of contaminants (in the form of gases and particles) from office machines, cleaning products, construction activities, carpets and furnishings, perfumes, cigarette smoke, water-damaged building materials, microbial growth (fungal/mold and bacterial), insects, and outdoor pollutants. Other factors such as indoor temperatures, relative humidity, and ventilation levels can also affect how individuals respond to the indoor environment.

Understanding the sources of indoor environmental contaminants and controlling them can often help prevent or resolve building-related worker symptoms.

The indoor environment in any building including residential is a result of the interaction between the site, climate, building systems (original design, later modifications in the structure and mechanical systems), construction techniques, contaminant sources (building materials and furnishings, moisture, processes and activities within the building, and outdoor sources), and building occupants.

By definition, the root cause of any building failure is the fundamental, underlying condition or interaction of conditions which precipitates an issue, defect or problem. Since the underlying condition must be corrected or the condition in evidence will continue to re-occur or persist, any investigation of a building problem has, as its primary goal, determination of the fundamental cause of that problem which we call "root cause analysis." As depicted in the figure below, the dynamics of the indoor environment are complex and are best performed by a building scientist.

Figure 1

COMPREHENSION CHECK