- •Practical course of English
- •Introduction
- •Why are you learning English?
- •2. Listen and remember the following phrases:
- •II Reading skills.
- •1. Read and remember:
- •2. Read and translate the following text:
- •I am a student of the Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design
- •3. Find the answers to the questions:
- •4. Complete the sentences:
- •5. Match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents:
- •6. True or false statements:
- •Personal information.
- •III Grammar skills.
- •1. Choose the correct form:
- •2. Complete the sentences with:
- •3. Put the words into the correct word order:
- •4. Match the question words and answers:
- •5. Ask questions to which the following sentences are the answers:
- •6. Translate into English:
- •IV Communicative skills.
- •1. Read these dialogues and reproduce them:
- •2. Speak on the following situations:
- •V Rendering.
- •1. Read the text and translate it using a dictionary. My family
- •Pronouns
- •II Reading skills.
- •Read and remember:
- •1. An ancient city древнє, стародавнє місто
- •2. Read and translate the following text: Kyiv
- •3. Find the answers to the questions:
- •4. Complete the sentences:
- •1. Kyiv is the capital of Ukraine and the seat of …
- •5. Translate into English:
- •6. Match the following words:
- •7. Use either the Simple Present or the Present Progressive of the verbs in
- •8. Translate into English:
- •9. Ask questions to the following answers:
- •IV Communicative Skills.
- •Read the dialogues and reproduce them:
- •A.: I’m from the usa. And you? Are you Russian?
- •A.: What country are you from?
- •2. Make up dialogues according to the model:
- •V Rendering.
- •Read the text and translate it using a dictionary. A letter to a friend
- •2. Listen to the text “Mykhailo Voronin” and try to understand it.
- •3. True or false statements:
- •4. Listen to the text once more and answer the following questions:
- •The Present Simple Tense
- •The Present Progressive Tense
- •Вживання The Present Progressive Tense
- •1. Read and remember:
- •2. Read and translate the text. Ukraine is my Homeland
- •4. Match the words:
- •5. Complete the sentences with the correct word:
- •III Grammar skills.
- •9. Make sentences using when and the Past Continuous or the Past Simple of
- •10. Translate into English:
- •Translate the sentences into Ukrainian. Pay attention to the meaning of the expression
- •Translate into English:
- •IV Communicative skills.
- •1. Read the dialogues and reproduce them:
- •2. Speak on the following situations:
- •V Rendering.
- •1. Read the text and translate it using a dictionary.
- •Industry of Ukraine
- •Contraction
- •The Past Progressive (Continuous) Tense
- •1. Form
- •Неозначені займенники some, any, no
- •Похідні від some, any, no
- •Used to
- •2. Form
- •2. Listen and remember the following phrases:
- •II Reading skills.
- •1. Read and remember:
- •2. Read and translate the following text:
- •Introducing London
- •2. Open the brackets using the Present Perfect or the Past Simple Tense and translate
- •IV Communicative skills.
- •1. Read the dialogues and reproduce them:
- •2. Speak on the following situations:
- •V Rendering.
- •1. Read the text and translate it using a dictionary: Getting about London
- •The Present Perfect Tense
- •Present Perfect / Past Indefinite
- •Degrees of Comparison of Adjectives
- •II Reading skills.
- •1. Read and remember:
- •2. Read and translate the following text: The United Kingdom
- •3. Find the answers to the questions:
- •4. Match the words:
- •5. True or false statements:
- •III Grammar skills.
- •1. Choose the correct form:
- •2. Complete the sentences:
- •3. Put the words into correct word order:
- •4. Ask questions to which the following sentences are the answers:
- •5. Choose the correct form:
- •6. Translate into English:
- •IV Communicative skills.
- •1. Read the dialogues and reproduce them:
- •2. Speak on the following situation:
- •V Rendering.
- •1. Read the text and translate it using a dictionary: The Queen’s Role
- •2. Listen to the text “Cambridge” and try to understand it.
- •3. Listen to the text once again and answer the following questions:
- •4. True or false statements:
- •The Past Perfect Tense
- •Possessive case
- •3. Find the answers to the questions:
- •4. Ask questions оn the points below and answer them:
- •5. Get ready to speak about the following:
- •6. Complete the sentences using the prepositions against, at, bу, for, in, оn, of, to where necessary:
- •7. Match the sentence parts:
- •III Grammar skills.
- •1. Add "the " in the spaces where necessary:
- •2. Choose the correct form:
- •3. Complete the sentences:
- •IV Communicative skills.
- •1. Read the dialogues and reproduce them:
- •2. Complete the dialogue:
- •V Rendering.
- •1. Read the text and translate it using a dictionary: Who rules the country?
- •Proper nouns and the definite article (означeний артикль та власне ім'я)
- •The Future Simple Tense
- •Exclamation sentences (окличні речення) What...! What a ....! How....!
- •2. Prepositions of time, place and direction
- •I Phonetic skills.
- •Listen and repeat:
- •3. Find the answers to the following questions:
- •4. Match the words:
- •III Grammar skills.
- •1. Translate into Ukrainian:
- •2. Choose the correct form: can, be able to, must, had to, could, may, be
- •3. Put the words into correct word order:
- •4. Ask questions to which the following sentences are the answers:
- •5. Translate the following sentences:
- •6. Fill in the blanks with prepositions of time: on, in, at.
- •7. Fill in the blanks with prepositions: in, on, to, between, after.
- •Тне most extraordinary country то explore
- •2. Listen to the text “Ireland” and try to understand it.
- •3. True or false:
- •4. Listen to the text once again and answer the questions:
- •Can, may, must and their equivalents
- •Prepositions
- •Cultures around the World
- •2. Complete the sentences by filling in the blanks:
- •3. Put the verb in brackets in an appropriate tense form:
- •4. Put the verb into the correct form:
- •IV Communicative skills.
- •1. Read the dialogues and reproduce them.
- •2. Speak on the following situations:
- •V Rendering.
- •1. Read the text and translate it using a dictionary:
- •Future Progressive
- •Future Perfect
- •Questions
- •Question words
- •I Phonetic skills.
- •Listen and repeat:
- •Listen and remember the following phrases:
- •II Reading skills.
- •Read and remember:
- •Read and translate the text: Higher Education in Ukrainian Educational System
- •Find the answers to the questions:
- •Match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents:
- •True or false statements:
- •III Grammar skills.
- •Choose the correct form:
- •Complete the sentences with proper verb forms using the verbs in brackets:
- •With Present Simple or Present Continuous.
- •With Past Simple or Past Continuous.
- •With Past Simple or Present Perfect.
- •With Past Simple, Past Continuous or Past Perfect.
- •Put the words into the correct word-order:
- •Ask questions to which the following sentences are the answers:
- •Translate into English:
- •IV Communicative Skills.
- •Read the dialogues and act them out:
- •Role-play. Speak on the following situations:
- •V Rendering.
- •Read the text and translate it using a dictionary. Higher Education in the usa
- •I Phonetic skills.
- •Listen and repeat.
- •Read and remember:
- •Read and translate the following text. Light industry as it was and as it is
- •Find the answers to the questions:
- •Match the correct words:
- •Find the correct word given below:
- •III Grammar skills.
- •1. Choose the correct form: active or passive.
- •2. Transform the following sentences from Active into Passive Voice.
- •3. Transform the following sentences from Passive into Active Voice.
- •4. Complete the sentences with by or with.
- •6. Put the verb into the correct form, Active or Passive Voice.
- •7. Write questions using the Passive Voice.
- •8. Ask questions to which the following statements are the answers.
- •9. Translate into English using the verbs into Passive Voice.
- •IV Communicative skills.
- •1. Read the dialogs and reproduce them.
- •2. Speak on the following situations:
- •V Rendering
- •Read the text and translate it using a dictionary.
- •Information technologies in manufacturing
- •The Passive Voice
- •Grammar: The Infinitive and the Infinitive constructions
- •I Phonetic skills.
- •1. Listen and repeat:
- •Listen and remember the following words and phrases:
- •II Reading skills.
- •Read and remember:
- •Read and translate the following text. Engineering and Technological Progress
- •Find the answers to the questions:
- •Complete the sentences:
- •Match the following words:
- •Translate into English:
- •Define the forms of the Infinitive and translate the sentences:
- •Define the type of the Infinitive construction and translate the sentences:
- •Choose the correct form:
- •Put the words in the sentences into correct word order:
- •Translate into English:
- •Complete the sentences:
- •Ask questions to which the following sentences are the answers:
- •IV Communicative skills.
- •Read the dialogues and reproduce them:
- •2) (Reading for an examination)
- •3) (At the examination)
- •V Rendering.
- •Read the text and translate it using a dictionary: Automation
- •2. Listen to the text “My future speciality” and try to understand it.
- •3. True or False statements:
- •The Infinitive
- •The functions of The Infinitive
- •Предикативні інфінітивні звороти
- •The Objective Infinitive Construction (Complex Object).
- •The Subjective Infinitive Construction (Complex Subject)
- •Read and translate the text: Profession of a designer
- •III Grammar skills.
- •2. Complete the sentences:
- •3. Put the words into correct word order:
- •4. Join the sentences using Participle I:
- •5. Choose the correct form:
- •6. Define the form of the gerund, using the table and translate the sentences:
- •IV Communicative skills
- •1. Read the dialogues and reproduce them:
- •2. Speak on the following situation:
- •V Rendering.
- •1. Read the text and translate it using a dictionary: Modern Ukrainian fashion design
- •Forms of participles
- •The form and functions of Participle I
- •The form and functions of Participle II
- •I have my shoes mended in that shop. – я ремонтую туфлі у цій майстерні.
- •The Gerund
- •2. Sequence of Tenses
- •I Phonetic skills.
- •1. Listen and repeat:
- •2. Listen and remember the following phrases:
- •II Reading Skills.
- •1. Read and remember:
- •2. Read and translate the text:
- •3. Find the answers to the questions:
- •4. Complete the sentences:
- •5. Match the words that go together:
- •III Grammar Skills.
- •Choose the correct form:
- •Put the words in the sentences into correct word-order:
- •Open the brackets and put the verb into the correct form:
- •Transform direct statements into indirect. Make all necessary changes:
- •Open the brackets using the proper form of the verb:
- •Translate into Ukrainian:
- •Translate into English:
- •IV Communicative Skills.
- •Read the dialogues and reproduce them:
- •Speak on the following situations:
- •V Rendering.
- •Read the text and translate it using a dictionary: On the importance of the conference
- •Make up a plan of the text in the form of questions.
- •Give the summary of the text according to your plan in a written form.
- •VI Comprehensive Skills.
- •Read and remember:
- •2. Listen to the text ‘bitme’ and try to understand it:
- •3. True or false statements:
- •Listen to the text once again and answer the following questions:
- •Direct and Reported Speech
- •I Phonetic skills.
- •1. Listen and repeat:
- •2. Listen and remember the following words and phrases:
- •II Reading skills.
- •1. Read and remember:
- •2. Read and translate the following text. What is the Internet
- •3. Find the answers to the questions:
- •4. Match the words:
- •5. Translate into English:
- •III Grammar skills.
- •1. Choose an appropriate form “if” or “when”:
- •2. Put the verb into correct form Present Real or Present Unreal Conditional:
- •3. Transform the sentences using conditionals:
- •4. Complete the sentences in your own way using conditionals:
- •5. Translate into English:
- •IV Communicative skills.
- •1. Read the dialogues and reproduce them:
- •2. Arrange the utterances from the conversations in the logical order:
- •Invention of the Telephone
- •II Reading skills.
- •1. Read and remember:
- •2. Read and translate the following text: The Problem of Pollution in Ukraine
- •2. Choose the correct form of the verb:
- •3. Put the words in the sentences into correct word order:
- •4. Ask questions to which the following sentences are the answers:
- •5. Translate into English:
- •IV Communicative skills.
- •1. Read the dialogues and reproduce them:
- •V Rendering.
- •1. Read the text and translate it using a dictionary: Ecological Problems
- •Compound sentences
- •Фонетичний довідник
- •Англійський алфавіт
- •Читання голосних Загальна характеристика голосних
- •Читання приголосних
- •Приголосні фонеми
- •Тексти для позакласного читання the english language
- •Why are many English words pronounced differently from the way they are spelt?
- •Kyivo-pecherska lavra
- •Museum of great patriotic war
- •Babyn yar
- •St. Sophia's cathedral
- •Andriyivsky descent
- •Folk architecture and life museum pyrohovo
- •St. Michael's golden-domed cathedral
- •Khreschatyk
- •City of London
- •Palace of westminster
- •Clock tower, palace of westminster
- •Trafalgar square
- •British museum
- •Parliament of the United Kingdom
- •Buckingham Palace
- •St Paul's Cathedral
- •Why do the British like going to the pub?
- •What is the most popular food in Britain?
- •What are the most common superstitions in Britain?
- •How do the British spend their leisure time?
- •How are the police organised?
- •When can the police carry guns?
- •What is the oldest university in Britain?
- •What are Britain's national costumes?
- •What is haggis?
- •Is it true that a lot of British dishes are named after places?
- •Why is the Tower of London so popular with tourists?
- •At what age do children go to school in Britain?
- •What are the different types of secondary school?
- •Why are ‘public’ schools so called?
- •Why does the Queen have two birthdays?
- •Why is the heir to the throne called the Prince of Wales?
- •How should one address someone with a title?
- •What powers does the Queen have?
- •Privy Council
- •Why doesn’t Britain have a written constitution?
- •What was the Magna Carta?
- •Why are Ambassadors sent to the Court of St. James’s?
- •How does Britain elect its government?
- •Devolution to Scotland and Wales
- •What are the origins of the names of the main political parties?
- •How is the Speaker chosen?
- •What is a ‘whip’ in Parliament?
- •Washington
- •American originals
- •Living in the usa
- •Canadian ways
- •Toronto
- •Ukrainians in canada
- •Australia. Land and people
- •People and culture
- •Aborigines
- •Australian ways
- •New zealand. Land and people
- •New zealand. Customs and traditions
- •Customs and traditions
- •Cambridge
- •American universities
- •Engineering as a profession
- •Fashion designers
- •Designer
- •Costume designer
- •Graphic design
- •Christian Dior Fashion Designer (1905-1957)
- •Coco Chanel
- •The 1st international scientific practical conference "artificial intelligence - 2000" september 11-16, 2000 katsiveli (crimea, ukraine)
- •The expocentre of ukraine
- •"Fabrics.Threads.Accessories"
- •Fta exhibition
- •Bbc world service
- •Prehistory of technologies
- •Tomas edison
- •Internet
- •History of the Internet
- •Internet café
- •Bill Gates
- •Balance of Nature
- •The Problem of pollution in Ukraine
- •Recycling
- •Англо-український словник
- •Англо-український словник власних імен та географічних назв
Recycling
The massive increase in public concern for protection of the environment has given a new prominence to the recycling industry, which covers everything from the collection of beverage cans and the reclamation of old car bodies to the treatment of industrial sludge.
Recycling is a processing of industrial and household waste (such as paper, glass, and some metals and plastics) so that it can be reused. The great advantage of recycling is that it saves a large proportion of energy needed to manufacture an article from the original raw materials. This is of paramount importance at a time when energy conservation is essential to reduce the use of fossil fuels which contribute to global warming – the greenhouse effect.
For instance, there is a 62 per cent energy-saving in the use of recycled scrap ferrous metal. The saving arises because the scrap is almost pure metal and the original impure ore.
Materials which are recycled are less expensive than primary raw materials and offer a considerable cost advantage to industry.
Recycling also avoids the need to dump large quantities of used materials in landfill sites, a process which is unpopular with the public and can have dangerous environmental side-effect. This is particularly important at a time when the cost of using good landfill sites has steady increased.
Above all, recycling is an important means of reducing dependence on finite natural resources. It offers the potential for averting the crisis often predicted by conservationists – a world eventually running out of raw materials.
Today, recycling is a major activity in the industrialized countries. Advanced technology is used to collect, sort and process materials that are discarded by industry or the public.
Technical advances mean that valuable metals from such complex equipment as computers and other electronic machines are recovered, instead of ending up on the scrap heap. Furthermore, used oils can be recycled as lubricants for industry and transport, while rubber from old types can be transformed into mats and carpet underlays.
Despite this activity, environmental pressure groups are highly vocal in their dissatisfaction with the scale of recycling.
Додоток 4
№ п/п |
Початкова форма |
Форма минулого часу |
Дієприкметник (дієприслівник) минулого часу |
Переклад |
|
abide |
abided, abode |
abided |
перебувати, жити |
|
arise |
arose |
arisen |
піднятися,виникнути |
|
awake |
awoke, awakened |
awoken |
будити, прокинутися |
|
bear |
bore |
born,borne |
нести, народжувати |
|
beat /bi:t/ |
beat /bi:t/ |
beaten /bi:t(ə)n/ |
бити |
|
become |
became |
become |
ставати |
|
begin |
began |
begun |
починати |
|
bend |
bent |
bent |
згинати(ся) |
|
beseech |
besought, beseeched |
besought, beseeched |
благати |
|
beset |
beset |
beset |
оточити |
|
bet |
bet |
bet |
закладатися |
|
bid |
bade, bid |
bid, bidden |
пропонувати ціну |
|
bind |
bound |
bound |
звʹязати |
|
bite |
bit |
bitten |
вкусити, кусати |
|
bleed |
bled |
bled |
стікати кровʹю |
|
bless |
blessed, blest |
blessed, blest |
благословити |
|
blow |
blew |
blown |
дути |
|
break |
broke |
broken |
(з)ламати |
|
breed |
bred |
bred |
вирощувати, розводити |
|
bring |
brought |
brought |
приносити |
|
broadcast |
broadcast |
broadcast |
транслювати |
|
browbeat |
browbeat |
browbeaten |
залякувати |
|
build |
built |
built |
будувати |
|
burn |
burned, burnt |
burned, burnt |
горіти,спалити |
|
burst |
burst |
burst |
розірватися,вибухнути |
|
bust |
bust (BrE), busted (esp AmE) |
bust (ВrE), busted (esp AmE) |
розбиватися, закінчуватися поразкою |
|
buy |
bought |
bought |
купувати |
|
cast |
cast |
cast |
кидати, відливати (метал) |
|
catch |
caught |
caught |
ловити, піймати |
|
choose |
chose |
chosen |
вибирати, обирати |
|
cleave |
cleaved, cleft, clove |
cleaved, cleft |
розсікти |
|
cling |
clung |
clung |
чіплятися |
|
clothe |
clothed |
clothed |
одягнути |
|
come |
came |
come |
приходити |
|
cost |
cost |
cost |
коштувати |
|
creep |
crept |
crept |
повзти |
|
cut |
cut |
cut |
різати |
|
dare |
durst,dared |
dared |
сміти, наважитися |
|
deal |
dealt /delt/ |
dealt /delt/ |
мати справу з |
|
dig |
dug |
dug |
копати |
|
dive |
dived, dove (AmE) |
dived |
пірнати |
|
do |
did |
done |
робити |
|
draw |
drew |
drawn |
тягнути, малювати |
|
dream |
dreamed, dreamt |
dreamed, dreamt |
мріяти, бачити сни |
|
drink |
drank |
drunk |
пити |
|
drive |
drove |
driven |
гнати, їхати |
|
dwell |
dwelt, dwelled |
dwelt, dwelled |
жити, мешкати, зупинитися на якомусь питанні |
|
eat |
ate |
eaten |
їсти |
|
fall |
fell |
fallen |
падати, впасти |
|
feed |
fed |
fed |
годувати |
|
feel |
felt |
felt |
відчувати |
|
fight |
fought |
fought |
битися |
|
find |
found |
found |
знаходити |
|
flee |
fled |
fled |
бігти, тікати, рятуватися |
|
fling |
flung |
flung |
кинути |
|
fly |
flew |
flown |
літати |
|
forbid |
forbade, forbad |
forbidden |
забороняти |
|
forecast |
forecast |
forecast |
передбачати, прогнозувати |
|
forget |
forgot |
forgotten |
забути,забувати |
|
forgive |
forgave |
forgiven |
пробачити |
|
freeze |
froze |
frozen |
заморозити |
|
get |
got |
got (BrE), gotten (АmЕ) |
отримати |
|
gild |
gilt |
gilt |
позолотити |
|
give |
gave |
given |
давати |
|
go |
went |
gone |
йти,ходити |
|
grind |
ground |
ground |
перемелювати |
|
grow |
grew |
grown |
рости |
|
hamstring |
hamstrung |
hamstrung |
підрізати (крила) |
|
hang |
hung, hanged |
hung, hanged |
(по)вішати |
|
have |
had |
had |
мати,володіти |
|
hear |
heard |
heard |
чути |
|
heave |
heaved, hove |
heaved,hove |
напружуватися, підніматися |
|
hew |
hewed |
hewed, hewn |
рубати,тесати |
|
hide |
hid |
hidden, hid |
ховати(ся) |
|
hit |
hit |
hit |
вдарити, бити |
|
hold |
held |
held |
тримати(ся) |
|
hurt |
hurt |
hurt |
завдати болю |
|
input |
inputted, input |
inputted, input |
вводити, ввести |
|
interweave |
interwove |
interwoven |
вплітати |
|
keep |
kept |
kept |
зберігати, тримати |
|
kneel |
knelt, kneeled (esp AmE) |
knelt, kneeled (esp AmE) |
ставати навколішки |
|
knit |
knitted, knit |
knitted, knit |
плести, в’язати |
|
know |
knew |
known |
знати |
|
lay |
laid |
laid |
класти, покласти |
|
lead |
led |
led |
вести, очолювати |
|
lean |
leaned, leant (esp BrE) |
leaned, leant (esp BrE) |
спиратися, спертися |
|
leap |
leapt, leaped (esp AmE) |
leapt, leaped (esp AmE) |
стрибати, скакати |
|
learn |
learned, learnt |
learned, learnt |
вивчати, вчитися |
|
leave |
left |
left |
залишати |
|
lend |
lent |
lent |
позичати, позичити |
|
let |
let |
let |
дозволити |
|
lie |
lay |
lain |
лежати |
|
light |
lit, lighted |
lit, lighted |
освітлювати |
|
lose |
lost |
lost |
губити |
|
make |
made |
made |
робити |
|
mean |
meant |
meant |
означати, мати на увазі |
|
meet |
met |
met |
зустрічати(ся) |
|
mistake |
mistook |
mistaken |
помилитися |
|
misunderstand |
misunderstood |
misunderstood |
неправильно зрозуміти |
|
mow |
mowed |
mown, mowed |
косити |
|
pay |
paid |
paid |
платити, сплачувати |
|
plead |
pleaded, pled (esp AmE) |
pleaded, pled (esp AmE) |
прикликати |
|
prove |
proved |
proved (also proven AmE) |
виявитися |
|
put |
put |
put |
класти |
|
quit |
quit |
quit |
залишати, звільнятися |
|
read |
read/red/ |
read/red/ |
читати |
|
rid |
rid |
rid |
позбавитися |
|
ride |
rode |
ridden |
їхати верхи |
|
ring |
rang |
rung |
дзвонити |
|
rise |
rose |
risen |
піднятися |
|
run |
ran |
run |
бігти, бігати |
|
saw |
sawed |
sawn, sawed |
пиляти |
|
say |
said |
said |
сказати |
|
see |
saw |
seen |
бачити |
|
seek |
sought |
sought |
шукати |
|
sell |
sold |
sold |
продавати |
|
send |
sent |
sent |
надсилати |
|
set |
set |
set |
встановити, встановлювати |
|
sew |
sewed |
sewn, sewed |
шити |
|
shake |
shook |
shaken |
трясти |
|
shave |
shaved |
shaved, shaven |
голити |
|
shear |
sheared |
shorn, sheared |
стригти |
|
shed |
shed |
shed |
скинути |
|
shine |
shone, shined |
shone, shined |
сяяти |
|
shoe |
shod |
shod |
взувати(ся) |
|
shoot |
shot |
shot |
стріляти |
|
show |
showed |
shown, showed |
показувати |
|
shrink |
shrank, shrunk |
shrunk |
скорочуватися, стискатися |
|
shut |
shut |
shut |
закривати |
|
sing |
sang |
sung |
співати |
|
sink |
sank, sunk |
sunk |
зануритися |
|
sit |
sat |
sat |
сидіти, сідати |
|
slay |
slew |
slain |
вбивати |
|
sleep |
slept |
slept |
спати |
|
slide |
slid |
slid |
ковзати |
|
sling |
slung |
slung |
підвішувати |
|
slink |
slunk |
slunk |
відходити, відступати |
|
slit |
slit |
slit |
розірвати, розкрити |
|
smell |
smelted, smelt (esp BrE) |
smelled, smelt (esp BrE) |
пахнути, смердіти, нюхати |
|
smite |
smote |
smitten |
вдаряти, вражати |
|
sow |
sowed |
sown, sowed |
сіяти |
|
speak |
spoke |
spoken |
говорити |
|
speed |
sped, speeded |
sped, speeded |
прискорювати(ся) |
|
spell |
spelled, spelt (esp BrE) |
spelled, spelt (esp BrE) |
писати або вимовляти по буквах |
|
spend |
spent |
spent |
витрачати, проводити |
|
spill |
spilled, spilt (esp BrE) |
spilled, spilt (esp BrE) |
розлити |
|
spin |
spun, span |
spun |
прясти |
|
spit |
spat (also spit AmE) |
spat (also spit AmE) |
плювати, сплюнути |
|
split |
split |
split |
розщеплювати |
|
spoil |
spoiled, spoilt |
spoiled, spoilt |
псувати |
|
spread |
spread |
spread |
розповсюджувати(ся) |
|
spring |
sprang (also sprung AmE) |
sprung |
виникати |
|
stand |
stood |
stood |
стояти |
|
stave |
staved, stove |
staved, stove |
пробити,запобігти |
|
steal |
stole |
stolen |
красти |
|
stick |
stuck |
stuck |
приклеїти |
|
sting |
stung |
stung. |
вжалити, пекти (про біль) |
|
stink |
stank, stunk |
stunk |
смердіти |
|
strew |
strewed |
strewn, strewed |
сіяти |
|
stride |
strode |
stridden |
ступати,крокувати |
|
strike |
struck |
struck |
бити, бастувати |
|
string |
strung |
strung |
нанизувати,натягати |
|
strive |
strove, strived |
striven, strived |
намагатися |
|
swear |
swore |
sworn |
присягатися |
|
sweep |
swept |
swept |
мести |
|
swell |
swelled |
swollen, swelled |
напнутися |
|
swim |
swam |
swum |
плавати |
|
swing |
swung |
swung |
качатися |
|
take |
took |
taken |
брати, взяти |
|
teach |
taught |
taught |
навчати, викладати |
|
tear |
tore |
torn |
розірвати |
|
tell |
told |
told |
розповідати |
|
think |
thought |
thought |
думати |
|
thrive |
thrived, throve |
thrived |
процвітати |
|
throw |
threw |
thrown |
викидати |
|
thrust |
thrust |
thrust |
штовхати |
|
tread |
trod |
trodden |
ступати, виконувати танець |
|
understand |
understood |
understand |
розуміти |
|
wake |
woke, waked |
woken, waked |
прокидатись |
|
wear |
wore |
worn |
носити (одяг) |
|
weave |
wove, weaved |
woven, weaved |
плести, ткати |
|
wed |
wedded, wed |
wedded, wed |
одружувати(ся), вінчати |
|
weep |
wept |
wept |
плакати |
|
wet |
wetted, wet |
wetted, wet |
змочувати, робити вологим |
|
win |
won |
won |
перемогти, виграти |
|
wind /waind/ |
wound |
wound |
заводити (механізм) |
|
withdraw |
withdrew |
withdrawn |
взяти назад |
|
withhold |
withheld |
withheld |
відмовлятися, утримуватися |
|
withstand |
withstood |
withstand |
чинити опір |
|
wreak /ri:k/ |
wreaked, wrought/rƆ:t/ |
wreak, wrought /rƆ:t/ |
наносити, нанести |
|
wring |
wrung |
wrung |
скрутити, стиснути |
|
write |
wrote |
written |
писати |
Додаток 5