May be 3 types of d Base

1)coinciding with morphological stems (морфологическая основа без окончания) of different degrees of complexity.

(to) day-dream (3; -ed): Bn-cV

2)coinciding with word-forms: participle 1, part 2unknown (known part 2) unsmiling (p1) newly-wed-wed (p2) bone-chilling (p1)

3)coinciding with word groups

a just-married couple a three-corned room(with 3 roms) a short-haired man

narrow-minded. The morphological stem of a simple word is that part of the word that takes on the system of grammatical inflections. It can coincide with the root, or can be a sequence of bound morphemes. 1) row/ set – group of ws built according to the same pattern, affixes are the same. 2) cluster – complex unity of wswith the same root morph & because of this they are close in mg. Patterns & affixes are different. Depth of cluster shows the number of steps of derivation. Depth of the cluster shows the number of steps of derivation.Volume of the cluster is the number of derivatives.

brother →adj brotherly, brotherless

I degreee →n stepbrother, brother-in-law

→v to brother

II degree →v to brother-in law

→n brotherlessness

3) category. Patterns of dif kinds but having 1 general mg can be included in 1 der cat.

Agentivity: -er, -ist, -ee, -ant. –ess, -ster, -

ette Active patterns later become productive: ex: computer –computerise -holic: workerholic, shopperholic etc. Some are won-productive: -hood, -dom (native suffixes)

9. Derivational patterns.

Der pattern – is a model that fixes/shows the regular meaningful arrangement of Ics(immediate Constituent).

General patterns: 1. V + ^ → N

2. V + er → N

specific patterns: 1. N + ess → N (female animal)

2. N + er → N

Productivity – quontitative feature (-er→N)--- of derive Pattern, affixes, the means of word-formation, their ability to make new words which all who speaks English find no difficulty in understanding, in particular their ability to create occasionals окказионализмы

Activity – qualitative feature (–iz→V)

Active patterns become productive.

N+ian—Adj (semi-productive, active) BUT Russian - национальность

Degrees of productivity

1)very productive N+N; N—V –ful, -ness

2)semi-productive –ian; -ik (sputnik, narodnik)

3)non-productive –dom, hood,

Patterns of derivative structures are usually . represented in a generalized way-in terms of conventional symbols: • small letters v, n, a, d, num stand for the bases which coincide with the stems of the respective parts of speech: verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs, numerals;

a)such as a+-sf-> N, prf- + +n->V, prf-+n-->N, n+sf->N; n+sf->V. In terms of patterns of this type, known as structurel formulas, all words may be classified into four classes: suffixal derivatives, e.g. friendship,; prefixal derivatives, e.g. rewrite, conversions, e.g. a cut, to parrot,.

N+N—N dressmaker

Adj+N—N sleepyhead соня

V+N—N callboy

N+PII –Adj frostbitten

N+Adj—Adj grassgreen

Particle+Pi—Adj outstanding

Adv+PII—Adj newly-wedded

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