3. The definition and functions of management

One reason people go to college is that college prepares them to become managers. Students have told us, "I don't know what I want to do, really. I guess I would like to be in management." Management is attractive to students because it represents authority, money, prestige, and so on. But few students are able to describe just what it is that managers do.

Management could be called the art of getting things done through people and other resources. Managers give direction to their organizations, provide leadership, and decide how to use organizational resources to accomplish goals. Both definitions give you some idea for what managers do. The definition of management we will be using in this text is the following. Management is the process used to accomplish organizational goals through planning, organizing, directing and controlling people and other organizational resources. This definition spells out the four key functions of management: (1) planning, (2) organizing, (3) directing, and (4) controlling.

Planning includes anticipating future trends and determining the best strategies and tactics to achieve organizational goals and objectives.

Organizing includes designing the organizational structure, attracting people to the organization (staffing), and creating conditions and systems to ensure that everyone and everything work together to achieve the goals and objectives of the organization.

Directing is guiding and motivating others to work effectively to achieve the goals and objectives of the organization.

Controlling is checking to determine whether or not an organization is progressing toward its goals and objectives, and taking corrective actions if it is not.

You might also know that management is much more complex than doing a few tasks. A good manager must know about the industry the firm is in and all the technological, political, competitive, and social factors affecting that industry. He or she must also understand the kind of people who work in the industry and what motivates them. Finally, a manager must be skilled in performing various managerial tasks, especially technical tasks, human relations tasks and conceptual tasks.

Vocabulary

to call	звонить, называть, вызывать
to decide	решать
to accomplish	выполнять, совершенствовать
to use	пользоваться, применять
goal	цель
to direct	управлять, руководить
to include	включать
trend	общее направление
to attract	привлекать
condition	условие, состояние
to ensure	обеспечивать, гарантировать
to achieve	достигать
an objective	цель, стремление
to guide	вести, руководить
to check	проверить
to determine	определять
toward, towards	по отношению к
to empower	уполномочивать
to employer	нанимать
to allow	позволять

1. Дайте определение и ответьте на вопросы.

1. Give the definition of the word "management".

2. Name the function of management.

3. What does directing mean?

4. What does organizing include?

5. What must a good manager know?

6. Does a manager give directions to the organization?

7. Direction is guiding and motivating others to work effectively to achieve the goals, isn't it?

8. Give the definition of the controlling.

2. Переведите следующие слова и выражения.

Reason, to achieve the goal, attractive to students, the definition of management, to call, organizational resources, to direct, to create conditions, to accomplish, toward, to decide, decision making, to evaluate, experience, to ensure, goal, to perform, social factors.

3. Переведите следующие слова и выражения.

Организационные ресурсы, определение, общее направление, проверять, достигать цель, оценить, участвовать, по отношению к, принятие решения, причина, нанимать, опыт, быть квалифицированным, руководить, определять, позволять.

4. Вставьте артикль где необходимо.

1. Management is ... process used to accomplish organizational goals.

2. Organizing includes designing ... organizational structure, attracting people to the organization.

3. He or she must also understand ... kind of people who work in ... industry and what motivates them.

4. Directing is guiding and motivating others to work effectively to achieve ... goals and objectives of... organization.

5. Controlling is checking to determine whether or not ... organization is progressing toward its goals and objectives, and taking corrective action if it is not.

5. Тест. Выберите правильный вариант.

1. Management is attractive to students because it represents….

1. authority, money, prestige, and so on;

2. to achieve organizational goals;

3. car, house, and so on.

2. The process used to accomplish organizational goals through planning, organizing, directing and controlling people and other resources is….

1. management

2. marketing

3. directing

3. Management could be called the .... of getting things done through people and other resources:

1. task

2. art

3. goal

4. There are…functions of management:

1. 5

2. 2

3. 4

5. What function of management includes anticipating future trends and determining the best strategies and tactics to achieve organizational goals and objectives:

1. controlling

2. planning

3. organizing

6. Who gives directions to the organization, provides leadership, and decides how to use organizational resources to accomplish goals:

1. a marketer

2. a scientist

3. a manager

7. …is guiding and motivating others to work effectively to achieve the goals and objectives of the organization.

1. controlling

2. history

3. management

8. How do goods differ from services?

   1. Goods are products which people either need or want; services are activities which a group of people performs for another organization.

   2. Goods are activities which a group performs for another organization. Services are products which people either need or want.

   3. Goods is the synonym of service.