§2. Количественные определители. Quantifiers.
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* R. Murphy units 84-90
Упражнение 1.
a) Вставьте в пропуски местоимения some / any.
My teacher lives …some distance away from the school.
You should buy …some new clothes for the New Year, I think.
Ruth still has…some doubts about her marriage, but her boyfriend John hasn’t got …any .
Mum was sure we had …some honey left. At breakfast it turned out that we didn’t have …any .
– Has there been …any discussion of the project? – Yes, …some people are against it, I’m sorry to say.
There must be …some way to get in touch with them, but so far I haven’t found …any .
_ Is there …any reliable source of information you’ll use in your investigation, inspector? – I definitely have …some though I am not going to reveal …any to you, sir.
Let’s talk about it …some other time.
There aren’t …any markets on Monday.
…Some people hate seafood.
– There is …some dust on the furniture. – Oh, I haven’t got …any time for this.
– Do you speak …any French? – No, but I speak …some English.
Could you lend me …some money?
…Any cars parked in this area will be removed by the police.
This car hardly uses …any petrol.
Would you like …some brandy?
Does the ogre ever read …any papers?
He hardly ever reads …any magazines.
…Some papers are really boring.
…Any of my sons can take you to the Opera.
b) вставьте every или each.
1. …Every morning my Mom left lists a mile long for …each of us, there was so much work to do about the house.
2. Opening my bag I took out two envelopes with Dad printed across their fronts in childlike letters. Handing them to Andrew, I said, “Lissa and Jamie have …each written you a card.”
3. The Snow White had a present for …each dwarf.
4. I loved …every minute of it.
5. They were all just sitting there, …each of them thinking private thoughts.
6. Fiona changed the subject …every time it was raised.
7. She offered us a tin of biscuits and my sister and I had one …each .
8. The government changes …every five years.
9. The witch had only two suitcases but …each weighed over twenty kilos.
10. She has …every chance of success in the life she has chosen.
11. We only save enough money to take a real vacation …every other year.
12. We saw three elephants, …each the size of a car.
13. …Each of you should sign the register before you leave.
14. …Every child should be educated. It’s a must.
15. He inspected …each of the cars which were in the garage.
c) Вставьте either или neither
1. “I was expecting you …either today or tomorrow.” – said the dragon.
2. The prince spoke …neither English nor French.
3. – Which one do you want? – I don’t want …either .
4. We can meet …either at six or at seven.
5. Nelly has two friends. …Neither is in town now.
6. The weather is …neither cold nor warm today.
7. Doctor, you are not being …either frank or fair.
8. There was no sound from …either of the flats.
9. The dragon …neither drinks nor smokes.
10. In … case the answer is the same.
d) выберите нужную форму other
1. She was listening to whoever it was on …the other end of the line.
2. And now let’s go in and join …the others .
3. However there were …other matters for us grown-ups to consider.
4. Bees carry pollen from one flower to …another .
5. The boxers went on hitting each …other .
6. Some books are useful to read, …the others are just a waste of time.
7. He produced two films. One became a classic, …the other passed unnoticed.
8. My Dad says he needs …another car.
9. One man’s meat is …another man’s poison.
10. Harry’s got …other three magic books to read.
11. On the one hand it is true, on …the other not quite.
12. In 1900 the Uffizi gallery in Florence had 2,395 paintings on display. Today it shows just 500. …The others are locked away, almost never seen.
13. I met the crocodile …the other day. He looked upset.
14. I want to have …another look at this painting.
15. What …other information have you brought?
e) вставьте (a) few / (a) little
1. Wait, I’ll pick …a few roses for you from my garden.
2. …Few people could resist such a temptation.
3. The patient has made …(a) little progress in the last couple of weeks.
4. There is …little progress in the business. We must take some measures to improve it.
5. – Could you give me …a little information on the trip? – There is …little I can tell you, sir. It’s out of the list.
6. Paul put …a few coins in the slot, thought …a little, and then dialed the number.
7. Let’s go to the market and buy …a little fruit and …a few carrots.
8. There is …little furniture in our country house. We need to buy …a few more things.
9. I’m still hungry. I think, I’ll have …a little more fish.
10. When I was a child we kept …a few pigeons in our black yard.
11. If I accept this job, I’ll make …a little more money.
12. There are …few cars on the road today. It’s Sunday.
13. Many questions were asked, but …few were answered.
14. Wait …a little, there are still …a few things to attend to.
15. Even now there is …little we can do to improve the weather.
Упражнение 2. Поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную форму.
рекомендуется разобрать все варианты предложений и объяснить, в каких случаях в вопросах и отрицаниях some не меняется на any а также правила образования отрицания с not и no.
People usually have some free time on weekends. Do people usually have any free time on weekends? People do not usually have any free time on weekends. People usually have no free time on weekends.
Some of my friends also teach English. Do any of your friends also teach English? Some of my friends don’t teach English. None of my friends teaches English.
There is some snow in the streets. Is there any snow in the streets? There isn’t any snow in the streets. There is no snow in the streets.
The donkey is making some coffee for the dragon. Is the donkey making some coffee for the dragon? The donkey isn’t making any coffee for the dragon.
There is some soup left. Is there any soup left? There isn’t any soup left. There is no soup left.
I think I need some help. Do you think you need some/any help? I don’t think I need any help. I think I don’t need any help. I think I need no help.
The witch has some relatives in England. Does the witch have any relatives in England? The witch has not any relatives in England. The witch has no relatives in England.
Some people are so annoying! Are some people very annoying? Some people are not so annoying. No people are so annoying.
We have some new contracts this year. Do you have any new contracts this year? We don’t have any new contracts this year. We have no new contracts this year.
I can get you some bread when I go shopping. Could you get me some bread when you go shopping? (Sorry,) I can’t get you any bread as I’m not going shopping.
Упражнение 3. Вставьте в пропуски слова, подходящие по смыслу (иногда могут быть варианты).
1. __few of our students can speak Japanese but __most/all of us speak English quite decently.
2. Bring me __some/a little paper and __a few pencils, please.
3. We are to take two exams in June. __Neither of them is easy.
4. __Both my friend and I are good at Mathematics.
5. She is so bad-tempered! No wonder she has got so __few friends.
6. __All/most of the European countries are highly developed.
7. The storm was terrible. __Some/most/a number of the trees in the city were damaged.
8. There is __little/no sugar left. Go and buy __some/a little.
9. There is __a little food left. May I eat it up?
10. Are there __any/many cups on the shelf?
11. Why are you looking under the bed? Have you lost __anything?
12. We bought __a few flowers for our friend.
13. __All the tickets have been sold. There are __no left.
14. As I am a student of Moscow State University, __most/many of my friends study here.
15. __Both of my two children go to school.
16. __Both Tom and Ann are students.
17. There are __many/ lots of/ plenty of books in my library. You may take __any of them.
18. If you go on eating so __much you will put on weight.
19. Are you tired? – Yes, __a little.
20. I like walking in the garden in May. __All/most of the flowers are in blossom.
Упражнение 4. Переведите на английский язык словосочетания, содержащие количественные определители.
Большинство людей most people, весь экипаж all the crew, несколько врагов a few enemies, немного соли a little salt, мало новостей little news, многие дети many children, оба крокодила both of the crocodiles, немного юмора a little humour, ряд случаев a number of incidents, ни один человек no man, большинство моих друзей most of my friends, мало времени little time, мало платьев few dresses, еще один взгляд another look, друг друга each other, каждый год every year, каждый из нас each of us, немного утомленный a little tired, любой из двух братьев either of the two brothers, любой студент нашей группы any student of our group, немного денег a little money, мало денег little money, несколько домов a few houses, мало антилоп few antelopes, много крокодилов many crocodiles, немного стеснительный a little shy, обе ноги both of the legs, еще один вопрос another question, все остальные the others, оставшиеся яблоки the other apples, все упражнения из этого параграфа all the exercises from this unit, мало информации little information, немного информации a little information, мало удочек few fishing rods, немного удочек a few fishing rods, сколько-нибудь сахара some sugar, мало мебели little furniture, ряд дисциплин a number of subjects, много советов much advice, много улиц many streets, полно времени plenty of time, ни один из нас none of us, оба глаза both of the eyes, остальные новости the other news, еще один ежик another hedgehog, ни один людоед no ogre, ни один из местных людоедов none of the local ogres, все гномы all dwarfs, все гномы нашего леса all the dwarves of our forest, большинство ведьм most witches.
Упражнение 4. Переведите на английский язык.
1. У Фреда мало друзей, зато много гонора (arrogance). Fred has got few friends but much arrogance.
2. У крокодила нет ни сестер, ни братьев. The crocodile has neither sisters nor brothers.
3. Откройте оба окна, пожалуйста. Open both of the windows, please.
4. У меня мало свободного времени. I have little free time.
5. Гном ничего не купил. The dwarf didn’t buy/hasn’t bought anything.
6. Я вижу, вас сегодня мало. Где, интересно, остальные? I see, you are few today. Where are the others, I wonder?
7. У некоторых людей есть склонность к преувеличению (overstatement). Some people have an inclination to overstatement.
8. Я неплохо знаю французский. Теперь мне бы хотелось выучить еще какой-нибудь язык. I am quite good at English. Now I’d like to learn another foreign language.
9. Большинство пострадавших людей находятся в больнице. Most of the injured people are in hospital.
10. Было раннее утро, и в церкви было мало народа. It was early morning, and there were few people at church.
11. Мало что известно о жизни этого поэта. Little is known about this poet’s life/ the life of this poet.
12. Я немного говорю по-испански. I speak a little Spanish./ I speak Spanish a little.
13. Не хотите ли еще чашечку горячего шоколада? Would you like another cup of hot chocolate.
14. Любой из вас может добиться всего, чего захочет. Any of you can achieve anything he wants/they want.
15. Ни один из вас не знает ответа на вопрос. None of you knows the answer to the question.
16. Прошло еще пять минут и еще десять поросят пробежало мимо. Another five minutes passed and another ten piglets ran by.
17. Большинство женщин живут дольше, чем мужчины. Most women live longer than men.
18. Все сочувствовали (feel for) людоеду, ни один из его друзей не смеялся. Everyone felt for the ogre, none of his friends laughed.
19. У меня осталось немного денег. Можно сходить в кино. I have a little money left. We may go to the cinema.
20. В городе произошел ряд загадочных убийств. A number of mysterious murders has taken place in the city. / There has been a number of mysterious murders in the city.
21. Мы давно не видели друг друга. We haven’t seen each other for donkey’s years.
22. Это оборотная сторона медали. This is the other side/the reverse of the medal.
23. Мы неправильно друг друга поняли. Дайте мне еще один шанс. We have misunderstood each other. Give me another chance.
24. Один из наших балконов выходит на юг, а другой на восток. One of our balconies looks (on the) south, and the other looks east.
25. Закрой один глаз, затем другой. Close one eye, then the other.
26. Извините, но не было другого способа сделать это. I am sorry but there was no other way to do it.
27. Я подожду, пока вернутся остальные. I’ll wait for the others to come back.
28. С одной стороны, это хороший шанс, а с другой стороны, это опасно. On the one hand it’s a good opportunity/chance, but on the other hand it’s dangerous.
Упражнение 5. Прочитайте пословицы, найдите их русские эквиваленты и выучите их.
Little by little and bit by bit. Тише едешь – дальше будешь.
A little help is worth a great deal of pity. Самая маленькая помощь дороже самого большого сочувствия.
A little learning is a dangerous thing. Лучше совсем не знать ничего, чем знать плохо. (Публий) Чем меньше люди знают, тем обширнее кажется им их знание. (Ж.-Ж. Руссо) Знания – обоюдоострое оружие, которое только обременяет и может поранить своего хозяина, если рука, которая держит его, слаба и плохо умеет им пользоваться. (Мишель Монтень)
Little things please little minds. По Сеньке и шапка. Как псам и свиньям не надо злата и серебра, так глупому – мудрых слов. (Даниил Заточник)
Little strokes fell great oaks. Вода камень точит.
Many are called but few are chosen. Не каждому дано быть избранным.
You win a few, you lose a few. Никогда не знаешь, где найдешь, где потеряешь.
More haste, less speed. Поспешишь – людей насмешишь.
Least said, soonest mended. Больше дела, меньше слов.
Fewer clients, less money. Не потопаешь, не полопаешь.
Many hands make light work. Вместе и работа спорится.
Many kiss the hand they wish to cut off. В ласковых речах бывает яд. (Публий) Льстецы – худшие из врагов. (Тацит)
Many would be cowards if they had courage enough. Многие были бы трусами, если бы у них хватило смелости.
More than enough is too much. Более чем необходимое суть излишнее. Большинство предметов роскоши и так называемых жизненных удобств не только не являются необходимыми, но и определенно служат препятствиями к развитию человечества. (Г. Торо)
The more you have, the more you want. Аппетит приходит во время еды.
Too many cooks spoil the broth. У семи нянек дитя без глазу.
REVISION
A. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate articles.
1. …The spoon is made of … wood. 2. This bed is made of … oak. 3. … butter and … cheese are made from … milk. 4. I can write …a letter with … ink or …a pencil. 5. I want …a glass of … cold milk. 6. …the tea is very hot. 7. Would you like …a cup of … tea? 8. She ate … ice-cream after … dinner and fell ill. 9. I’m afraid …the milk has gone sour. 10. The melting point of … ice is zero Centigrade. 11. …a spoon of … good honey will make you sleep well. 12. … good furniture is usually made of … wood. 13. …a word of … truth could save …the situation. 14. It was only at … dawn that he made …a decision. 15. It’s too hot. There is not …a breath of … air. 16. …the tourists made …a fire in …the forest to cook … hot meal. 17. …a pilgrim is …a person who travels …a long way, usually to visit …a holy place. 18. …the way to …a man’s heart is through his stomach. 19. This is …a matter in which … women differ greatly from … men. 20. We didn’t find …the boy in …the house. His mother said he was having …a kick-boxing lesson. 21. Think about …the situation. There must be …a way out. 22. It’s …a wonderful part of England and …the scenery is beautiful. 23. With …the fifth century came …the fall of Roman Empire. 24. …the whole story is …a myth. Not …a soul will believe it. 25. …a short skirt like this one may be all right for …a teenager, but not for …a grown-up woman like me. 26. – Is there …a bistro near here? - …the nearest one is just down …the road on …the left. 27. …the grammar seminar begins in …an hour in …the lecture room. 28. …a hot shower always gives me …a nice feeling of … relaxation. 29. – I personally think …the idea won’t work. – Why, it’s …a smashing idea. 30. …flight 427 from the Hague arrives in …a quarter of …an hour.
B. Put the adverbs in the proper places.
Jennie usually goes to bed around 11 o’clock p.m. every day.
At 7 o’clock the telephone rang loudly in the study and woke the dwarf up.
In 1994 he studied vigorously at the university.
Mary was lively speaking to a group of people at the registration desk.
The orchestra played very well at the concert yesterday.
Yesterday the ogre worked very late and is pretty tired today.
Chuck spoke very well at the conference last week.
The actors performed superbly at the play the other day.
Barbara behaved badly during our meeting last week.
Last night Brian drove carelessly after quarreling with Jill.
The speaker droned on endlessly at the presentation yesterday.
Cheryl always takes notes carefully in class.
The Prime Minister spoke with enthusiasm on the issue at the press conference the other day.
The team played badly with The Eagles last week.
The witch sang extremely well at the concert last night.
C. Translate into English.
1. Как часто вы получаете почту? How often do you receive mail?2. Кто приносит газеты? Who brings newspapers? 3. Вы замужем, не так ли? You are married, aren’t you? 4. Что вы делаете по вечерам? What do you do in the evening? 5. Давайте пойдем в парк после уроков, а? Let’s go to the park after classes, shall we? 6. Где файлы? Where are the files? 7. Он живет далеко отсюда? Does he live far from here? 8. Что вы думаете об этой ситуации? What do you think of the situation? 9. Сколько стоят брюки? How much are the trousers? 10. Лестница опасная? Are the stairs dangerous? 11. Где учится сын вашего начальника? Where does your boss’s son study? 12. Вы меня проводите (see me off), не так ли? You will see me off, won’t you? 13. Разве я не молодец (a brick)? Aren’t I a brick? 14. Что вы видите? What do you see? 15. Пудели – действительно самые умные собаки? Are poodles really the cleverest dogs?
E. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given word in bold type.